Question 1

Examine Figure 24.6 below.  The time of GREATEST hominin radiation was approximately:

Accepted Answer

A)  6-5 million years ago.
B)  5-4 million years ago.
C)  4-3 million years ago.
D)  3-2 million years ago.
E)  1 million years ago-present.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

Why do we think that male Neanderthals mated with non-African ancestral Homo sapiens?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because Neanderthal mtDNA sequences are present in the human gene pool, and Neanderthal nuclear DNA sequences are not.
B)  Because neither Neanderthal mtDNA sequences nor nuclear DNA sequences are present in the modern human gene pool.
C)  Because Neanderthal nuclear DNA sequences are present in the human gene pool, and Neanderthal mtDNA sequences are not.
D)  Because both Neanderthal mtDNA sequences and nuclear DNA sequences are present in the modern human gene pool.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

If favismF1F1F1S1F1F1F10being a heterozygote for specific mutations in the G6PD geneF1F1F1S1F1F1F10confers resistance to malaria, where should those mutations be prevalent?

Accepted Answer

In populations in ma...

Question 4

All evidence suggests that the Neanderthals did not interbreed with our ancestors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following statements describes Neanderthals?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are also called Cro-Magnons for the site where they were first discovered.
B)  They are believed to have given rise to Homo sapiens.
C)  They were the first bipedal hominins discovered.
D)  They are a species that is closely related to, but distinct from, Homo sapiens.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

A young student is trying to figure out the order in which certain traits evolved in humans. Which of the arrangements below is MOST likely correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  bipedalism  more dextrous thumbs  human jaw  language
B)  more dextrous thumbs  bipedalism  human jaw  language
C)  language  human jaw  bipedalism  more dextrous thumbs
D)  bipedalism  human jaw  language  more dextrous thumbs
E)  more dextrous thumbs  language  human jaw  bipedalismF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

Many researchers hypothesize that modern humans have derived from the Homo ergaster populations that spread around the world starting about 2 million years ago. This hypothesis is known as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  out-of-Africa hypothesis.
B)  into-Africa hypothesis.
C)  multiregional hypothesis.
D)  uniregional hypothesis.
E)  None of the answer options is correct.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

Consider the following mtDNA sequences obtained from chimpanzees and from humans in the following geographic regions:   Chimp:  ATGCGCATTCAATG  China:  ATGGGCTTTCAATC  Ethiopia:  ATGGGCATTCAATC  England:  ATGGGCTTTCAATC  Kenya:  ATGGGCATTCAATA \begin{array}{ll}	ext { Chimp: } & 	ext { ATGCGCATTCAATG } \	ext { China: } & 	ext { ATGGGCTTTCAATC } \	ext { Ethiopia: } & 	ext { ATGGGCATTCAATC } \	ext { England: } & 	ext { ATGGGCTTTCAATC } \	ext { Kenya: } & 	ext { ATGGGCATTCAATA }\end{array} Chimp:  China:  Ethiopia:  England:  Kenya: ​ ATGCGCATTCAATG  ATGGGCTTTCAATC  ATGGGCATTCAATC  ATGGGCTTTCAATC  ATGGGCATTCAATA ​  Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  These data depict a higher level of sequence divergence between human and chimp than is to be expected based on overall levels of genetic similarity between humans and chimps.
B)  These data are consistent with the multiregional hypothesis for the origin of humans because the Asian and European sequences are more closely related to each other than either is to the African sequences.
C)  These data are consistent with the out-of-Africa hypothesis for the origin of humans because the Kenyan and Ethiopian samples exhibit an ancestral character state at position 7.
D)  The African sequences represent older evolutionary lineages than the European sequences because they have one polymorphic site. E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 9

You are visiting a relative many miles from your home, and you hear them complain about how all the squirrels in the area are making nests in the cars parked in the driveways. You note that their squirrels are the same species as the one you know from home. Where you live, most people park in their driveways too, but there the squirrels tend to nest in the roofs of houses. What does this difference in activity between these populations of squirrels reveal about the squirrels?

Accepted Answer

A)  culture
B)  language
C)  consciousness
D)  All of these choices are correct.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Consider the phylogenetic tree shown below. Geographic labels indicate the origin of humans whose mtDNA was sampled for sequence analysis. The chimp branch serves as the outgroup for the phylogeny.  Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  The tree supports the out-of-Africa hypothesis for the origin humans because it implies that the common ancestor of all the humans is of African origin.
B)  The tree does not reveal anything about the geographic origin of humans.
C)  The tree supports the multiregional hypothesis because there are four independent populations.
D)  The closest relative to the Kenyans are the English.
E)  The Chinese share a more recent common ancestor with the Ethiopians than the Kenyans.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

Why do we only see Neanderthal input in non-African genomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neanderthals never interbred with Homo sapiens in Africa.
B)  Only mtDNA can be transmitted from Neanderthal genomes.
C)  Only Y chromosome DNA can be transmitted from Neanderthal genomes.
D)  Neanderthals were adapted to a cold European climate.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Approximately what percentage of modern human mtDNA is Neanderthal derived?

Accepted Answer

A)  0%
B)  1-4%
C)  5-10%
D)  15-20%E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 13

The common phrase "Humans evolved from chimpanzees" is inaccurate. In reality, the evolutionary relationship between chimpanzees and humans is:

Accepted Answer

A)  that there was a population of chimpanzees that had mutations that made them human.
B)  that humans and chimpanzees share a relatively recent common ancestor.
C)  that chimpanzees are the next group that will turn into humans.
D)  that chimpanzees are bipedal.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Consider the figure below showing the arrangement of homologous genes in several great apes relative to human chromosome 2. Red and blue lines between chromosomes connect homologous regions. Do these data reject or support the sister group relationship between humans and chimps?  Data source: Yunis, J. J., and O. Prakash. 19 March 1982 "The Origin of Man: A Chromosomal Pictorial Legacy." Science 215:1525-1530.

Accepted Answer

A)  These data reject the sister taxa relationship because humans only have a single chromosome and all other great apes have two; these data cannot be used to infer relatedness.
B)  These data reject the sister taxa relationship because all the genes that are connected by the blue lines are the same in all great apes.
C)  These data support the sister taxa relationship because all genes indicated by red and blue lines in chimpanzees are also in humans.
D)  These data support the sister taxa relationship because it shows how the human chromosome was divided in two to give rise to all other great ape taxa.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

What is one aspect of human language that differentiates it from other animals' forms of communication?

Accepted Answer

A)  a universal grammar
B)  different sounds having different meanings
C)  human language can convey several pieces of information in one interaction
D)  other animals only communicate about foodE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Although we must be cautious about oversimplifying, when visible traits are markedly different among human races, a likely explanation is that the differences have been favored by:

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection and/or sexual selection.
B)  diversifying selection and/or stabilizing selection.
C)  allopatric speciation and/or sexual selection.
D)  disruptive selection and/or natural selection.
E)  sympatric selection and/or sexual selection.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

Which of the following are uniquely human traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ability to learn
B)  The ability to count
C)  The ability to imitate
D)  Consciousness
E)  None of the answer options is correct.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

When Rebecca Cann decided to conduct research on the evolution of humans, she chose to study mitochondrial DNA. Which of the following explains why she chose this type of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  because mitochondrial DNA is more abundant and therefore easier to extract
B)  because mitochondrial DNA is recombined from generation to generation and offers a look at the lineage of the human population
C)  because mitochondrial DNA is circular
D)  because mitochondrial DNA lasts longer in the tissuesE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 19

You inherited from your mother both her crooked nose and her recipe for chocolate chip cookies (both favorable traits) . Which trait will be spread more quickly through the population?

Accepted Answer

A)  the nose because it is a genetically based trait
B)  the recipe because it is a genetically based trait
C)  the nose because it can be passed on to all relatives
D)  the recipe because it can be passed on to all relatives
E)  They are both advantageous traits and spread at the same rate.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an anatomical change that would be associated with a transition from four to two legs?

Accepted Answer

A)  S-shaped spine
B)  repositioned foramen magnum
C)  narrower human foot
D)  wider stance
E)  None of the answer options is correct.F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Exam 24: Human Origins and Evolution

Many researchers hypothesize that modern humans have derived from the Homo ergaster populations that spread around the world starting about 2 million years ago. This hypothesis is known as the:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Consider the phylogenetic tree shown below. Geographic labels indicate the origin of humans whose mtDNA was sampled for sequence analysis. The chimp branch serves as the outgroup for the phylogeny. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

Correct Answer
verified

What is one aspect of human language that differentiates it from other animals' forms of communication?

Correct Answer
verified

Why do we think that male Neanderthals mated with non-African ancestral Homo sapiens?

Correct Answer
verified

When Rebecca Cann decided to conduct research on the evolution of humans, she chose to study mitochondrial DNA. Which of the following explains why she chose this type of DNA?

Correct Answer
verified

You inherited from your mother both her crooked nose and her recipe for chocolate chip cookies (both favorable traits) . Which trait will be spread more quickly through the population?

Correct Answer
verified

All evidence suggests that the Neanderthals did not interbreed with our ancestors.

Correct Answer
verified

The common phrase "Humans evolved from chimpanzees" is inaccurate. In reality, the evolutionary relationship between chimpanzees and humans is:

Correct Answer
verified

Approximately what percentage of modern human mtDNA is Neanderthal derived?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following are uniquely human traits?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT an anatomical change that would be associated with a transition from four to two legs?

Correct Answer
verified

A young student is trying to figure out the order in which certain traits evolved in humans. Which of the arrangements below is MOST likely correct?

Correct Answer
verified

Examine Figure 24.6 below. The time of GREATEST hominin radiation was approximately:

Correct Answer
verified

If favismbeing a heterozygote for specific mutations in the G6PD geneconfers resistance to malaria, where should those mutations be prevalent?

Correct Answer
verified
In populations in ma...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Although we must be cautious about oversimplifying, when visible traits are markedly different among human races, a likely explanation is that the differences have been favored by:

Correct Answer
verified

Why do we only see Neanderthal input in non-African genomes?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements describes Neanderthals?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 24: Human Origins and Evolution

Many researchers hypothesize that modern humans have derived from the Homo ergaster populations that spread around the world starting about 2 million years ago. This hypothesis is known as the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consider the phylogenetic tree shown below. Geographic labels indicate the origin of humans whose mtDNA was sampled for sequence analysis. The chimp branch serves as the outgroup for the phylogeny. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is one aspect of human language that differentiates it from other animals' forms of communication?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do we think that male Neanderthals mated with non-African ancestral Homo sapiens?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Rebecca Cann decided to conduct research on the evolution of humans, she chose to study mitochondrial DNA. Which of the following explains why she chose this type of DNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You inherited from your mother both her crooked nose and her recipe for chocolate chip cookies (both favorable traits) . Which trait will be spread more quickly through the population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All evidence suggests that the Neanderthals did not interbreed with our ancestors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The common phrase "Humans evolved from chimpanzees" is inaccurate. In reality, the evolutionary relationship between chimpanzees and humans is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately what percentage of modern human mtDNA is Neanderthal derived?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are uniquely human traits?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an anatomical change that would be associated with a transition from four to two legs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A young student is trying to figure out the order in which certain traits evolved in humans. Which of the arrangements below is MOST likely correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Examine Figure 24.6 below. The time of GREATEST hominin radiation was approximately:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If favismbeing a heterozygote for specific mutations in the G6PD geneconfers resistance to malaria, where should those mutations be prevalent?

Correct AnswerverifiedIn populations in ma...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although we must be cautious about oversimplifying, when visible traits are markedly different among human races, a likely explanation is that the differences have been favored by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do we only see Neanderthal input in non-African genomes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements describes Neanderthals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
In populations in ma...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified