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In the Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels prophesized that a revolution would make the ________ the new ruling class.


A) proletariat
B) bourgeoisie
C) capitalists
D) entrepreneurs

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following authors was credited with inventing the modern novel with his Madame Bovary?


A) Dickens
B) Flaubert
C) Tolstoy
D) Zola

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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What were the principal subjects and themes of nineteenth-century Realists? Were these shared by both writers and visual artists? How did these subjects and themes differ from those favored by the Impressionists and Postimpressionists?

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The principal subjects and themes of nin...

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The turn from Romanticism to literary Realism is evident in the novels of


A) Ibsen.
B) Flaubert.
C) Zola.
D) All these answers are correct.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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A

The artist who became infatuated with unspoiled nature, especially as it existed in Tahiti (where he relocated after abandoning his job and family) , was


A) Van Gogh.
B) Gauguin.
C) Seurat.
D) Toulouse-Lautrec.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Japanese prints had the greatest influence on late-nineteenth-century European


A) Realism.
B) Impressionism.
C) photography.
D) Postimpressionism.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The most important new medium in mid-nineteenth-century architecture was


A) glass.
B) cement.
C) cast iron.
D) brick.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following items was NOT an innovation of the nineteenth century?


A) Photography
B) Telegraphy
C) The novel
D) Skyscrapers

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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C

Puccini's verismo operas


A) drew inspiration primarily from the music-dramas of Wagner.
B) brought a new level of realism into opera.
C) depended largely on themes from Chinese opera.
D) All these answers are correct.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The movement known as Impressionism took its title from a painting by


A) Manet.
B) Monet.
C) Renoir.
D) Degas.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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B

The names Matthew Brady and Eadweard Muybridge are associated with


A) lithography.
B) literary Realism.
C) photography.
D) Impressionism.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Characteristic of the music of Debussy is


A) the use of shifting harmonies.
B) the fixed tonal center.
C) dramatic contrasts of loud and soft.
D) All these answers are correct.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which landmarks would you consider most representative of late nineteenth-century Western culture, the so-called, "Age of Materialism"?

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Some of the most representative landmark...

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Late nineteenth-century colonialism had as its primary motivating force the need


A) for materials and markets.
B) for lands to settle.
C) for peoples to incorporate.
D) to halt the expansion of non-Western empires.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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"Oceania" refers to the


A) islands off the coast of Greece.
B) islands of the South and Central Pacific Ocean.
C) Canary Islands.
D) islands of the Caribbean.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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For their subject matter, the Impressionist painters drew largely on


A) the urban scene.
B) religious themes.
C) historical events.
D) aristocratic commissions.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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How did advancing technology affect the arts of the late nineteenth century?

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Advancing technology had a significant i...

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A major factor in bringing non-Western cultures to the attention of Europeans was


A) advancing colonialism.
B) the World's Fairs.
C) documentary photography.
D) All these answers are correct.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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The artist who wished to "redo nature after Poussin," and whose later work anticipated twentieth-century abstract art, was


A) Cézanne.
B) Gauguin.
C) Van Gogh.
D) Manet.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The Naturalistic novels of Zola were grounded in his belief that human beings were


A) in full control of their destinies.
B) happiest in natural surroundings.
C) equal, whether male or female.
D) products of their environment and their heredity.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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