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The key issue in determining the efficiency of public versus private ownership of a monopoly is


A) the tendency for efficient management of publicly owned enterprises.
B) the inability of private monopolies to get rid of managers that are doing a bad job.
C) the propensity of private monopolies to generate excessive profits.
D) how ownership of the firm affects the cost of production.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Figure 15-23 Figure 15-23   -Refer to Figure 15-23. If a regulator requires the firm to charge an average cost price, what price will the firm charge? -Refer to Figure 15-23. If a regulator requires the firm to charge an average cost price, what price will the firm charge?

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Price discrimination


A) is illegal in the United States and Europe.
B) can occur in both perfectly competitive and monopoly markets.
C) is illogical because it does not maximize profits.
D) can maximize profits if the seller can prevent the resale of goods between customers.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Scenario 15-10 Vincent operates a scenic tour business in Boston. He has one bus which can fit 50 people per tour and each tour lasts 2 hours. His total cost of operating one tour is fixed at $450. Vincent's cost is not reduced if he runs a tour with a partially full bus. While his cost is the same for all tours, Vincent charges each passenger his/her willingness to pay: adults $18 per trip, children $10 per trip, and senior citizens $12 per trip. At those rates, on a typical day Vincent's demand is: Scenario 15-10 Vincent operates a scenic tour business in Boston. He has one bus which can fit 50 people per tour and each tour lasts 2 hours. His total cost of operating one tour is fixed at $450. Vincent's cost is not reduced if he runs a tour with a partially full bus. While his cost is the same for all tours, Vincent charges each passenger his/her willingness to pay: adults $18 per trip, children $10 per trip, and senior citizens $12 per trip. At those rates, on a typical day Vincent's demand is:    Assume that Vincent's customers are always available for the tour; therefore, he can fill his bus for each tour as long as there is sufficient total demand for the day. -Refer to Scenario 15-10. Vincent is considering changing his pricing strategy. Which of the following options results in the highest profit per day? A)  Charge a single price of $10 to all passengers. B)  Charge a single price of $12 to all passengers. C)  Charge a single price of $18 to all passengers. D)  Continue charging each buyer his/her willingness to pay. Assume that Vincent's customers are always available for the tour; therefore, he can fill his bus for each tour as long as there is sufficient total demand for the day. -Refer to Scenario 15-10. Vincent is considering changing his pricing strategy. Which of the following options results in the highest profit per day?


A) Charge a single price of $10 to all passengers.
B) Charge a single price of $12 to all passengers.
C) Charge a single price of $18 to all passengers.
D) Continue charging each buyer his/her willingness to pay.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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A monopoly can earn positive profits because it


A) can sell unlimited quantities at any price it chooses.
B) takes the market price as given and can sell unlimited quantities.
C) can set the price it charges for its output but faces a horizontal demand curve.
D) can maintain a price such that total revenues will exceed total costs.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following can eliminate the inefficiency inherent in monopoly pricing?


A) arbitrage
B) cost-plus pricing
C) price discrimination
D) regulations that force monopolies to reduce their levels of output

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The simplest way for a monopoly to arise is for a single firm to


A) decrease its price below its competitors' prices.
B) decrease production to increase demand for its product.
C) make pricing decisions jointly with other firms.
D) own a key resource.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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A monopolist faces a


A) horizontal demand curve.
B) vertical demand curve.
C) downward-sloping demand curve.
D) U-shaped demand curve.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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A monopolist's profits with price discrimination will be


A) lower than if the firm charged a single, profit-maximizing price
B) the same as if the firm charged a single, profit-maximizing price.
C) higher than if the firm charged just one price because the firm will capture more consumer surplus.
D) higher than if the firm charged a single price because the costs of selling the good will be lower.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Figure 15-23 Figure 15-23   -Refer to Figure 15-23. If the firm profit-maximizes, what price will it charge? -Refer to Figure 15-23. If the firm profit-maximizes, what price will it charge?

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For a monopolist, when does marginal revenue exceed average revenue?


A) never
B) when output is less than the profit-maximizing level of output
C) when output is greater than the profit-maximizing level of output
D) for all levels of output greater than zero

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Figure 15-23 Figure 15-23   -Refer to Figure 15-23. If a regulator requires the firm to charge an average cost price, what is the amount of profit or loss earned by the firm? -Refer to Figure 15-23. If a regulator requires the firm to charge an average cost price, what is the amount of profit or loss earned by the firm?

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Table 15-7 Sally owns the only shoe store in town. She has the following cost and revenue information. Table 15-7 Sally owns the only shoe store in town. She has the following cost and revenue information.    -Refer to Table 15-7. What is the total variable cost of production when Sally produces six pairs of shoes? A)  $100 B)  $295 C)  $600 D)  $620 -Refer to Table 15-7. What is the total variable cost of production when Sally produces six pairs of shoes?


A) $100
B) $295
C) $600
D) $620

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Economic welfare is generally measured by i) profit. Ii) total surplus. Iii) the price consumers pay for the product.


A) i) and ii) only
B) ii) and iii) only
C) ii) only
D) i) , ii) , and iii)

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Splitting up a monopoly is often justified on the grounds that


A) consumers prefer dealing with small firms.
B) small firms have lower costs.
C) competition is inherently efficient.
D) small firms produce higher quality products.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Table 15-12 The following table provides information on the price, quantity, and average total cost for a monopoly. Table 15-12 The following table provides information on the price, quantity, and average total cost for a monopoly.    -Refer to Table 15-12. If the firm produces the profit-maximizing level of output, it will earn profits of A)  $24. B)  $18. C)  $15. D)  $12. -Refer to Table 15-12. If the firm produces the profit-maximizing level of output, it will earn profits of


A) $24.
B) $18.
C) $15.
D) $12.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Figure 15-8 Figure 15-8   -Refer to Figure 15-8. What is the area of deadweight loss? A)  the rectangle A-C) *X B)  the triangle 1/2[A-C) *Y-X) ] C)  the triangle 1/2[A-B) *Y-X) ] D)  the rectangle A-C) *X plus the triangle 1/2[A-C) *Y-X) ] -Refer to Figure 15-8. What is the area of deadweight loss?


A) the rectangle A-C) *X
B) the triangle 1/2[A-C) *Y-X) ]
C) the triangle 1/2[A-B) *Y-X) ]
D) the rectangle A-C) *X plus the triangle 1/2[A-C) *Y-X) ]

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Scenario 15-9 Suppose executives at an art museum know that 100 adults are willing to pay $12 for admission to the museum on a weekday. Suppose the executives also know that 200 students are willing to pay $8 for admission on a weekday. The cost of operating the museum on a weekday is $2,000. -Refer to Scenario 15-9. How much profit will the museum earn if it engages in price discrimination?


A) $800
B) $1,200
C) $1,600
D) $2,800

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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State two examples of government-created monopolies.

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Scenario 15-6 The concert promoters of a heavy-metal band, WeR2Loud, know that there are two types of concert-goers: die- hard fans and casual fans. For a particular WeR2Loud concert, there are 1,000 die-hard fans who will pay $150 for a ticket and 500 casual fans who will pay $50 for a ticket. There are 1,500 seats available at the concert venue. Suppose the cost of putting on the concert is $50,000, which includes the cost of the band, lighting, security, etc. -Refer to Scenario 15-6. How much additional profit can the concert promoters earn by charging each customer their willingness to pay relative to charging a flat price of $150 per ticket?


A) $25,000
B) $50,000
C) $75,000
D) $100,000

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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