Question 1

Sophie suffered a stroke that damaged the region where the temporal lobe meets the occipital and parietal lobes. Which task will Sophie find difficult?

Accepted Answer

A)  recognizing human faces
B)  correctly identifying an object as a giraffe when shown a picture of one
C)  remembering the names of her cousins
D)  recalling the name of a hammer in a toolboxE) All of the above
F) A) and B) D

Question 2

Which physical or emotional state is MOST associated with increased insight?

Accepted Answer

A)  being in a positive mood
B)  dreaming
C)  feeling sleepy
D)  feeling boredE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Which of these constitutes a research finding that supports the argument that insights do not occur in a sudden, all-or-nothing manner, but instead reflect incremental unconscious processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  People who experience insight later can report the steps that led to the solution if they are asked to reflect on the process.
B)  People are able to accurately predict that they are on the verge of an insightful solution.
C)  People most often solve problems insightfully during altered states of consciousness.
D)  People can accurately determine if an insight problem has a solution or not, even if they cannot solve the problem.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

The case of Genie, a child who lived in virtual isolation for a decade, illustrates which important point about the nativist explanation of language development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Language can develop at any stage of growth; the brain is malleable enough to acquire language throughout the life span.
B)  Genetic dysphasia results from impoverished environmental conditions.
C)  Language can be acquired only within a restricted period of development; after that period, gains in language skills are minimal.
D)  Despite isolation from other speakers, language development still occurs, but at a slower rate.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 5

The prototype theory of categorization states that:

Accepted Answer

A)  people make category judgments by comparing new instances to the category's prototype.
B)  each member of a category serves as its own ideal, or prototype.
C)  only the best exemplars of a category will be considered for membership into that category.
D)  category prototypes are genetically determined and are universal to all cultures.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

The interactionist approach to language development differs from the behaviorist approach in that the interactionist approach:

Accepted Answer

A)  believes that humans have an innate ability to acquire language.
B)  believes that environmental factors affect language development.
C)  does not believe in the existence of a language acquisition device.
D)  places a heavier emphasis on the role of social interactions in language development.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Humans excel at estimating:

Accepted Answer

A)  frequency.
B)  probability.
C)  both frequency and probability.
D)  probability in childhood, but frequency in adulthood.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 8

The interactionist approach to language development differs from the nativist approach in that the interactionist approach:

Accepted Answer

A)  believes that all verbal behavior is genetically determined.
B)  argues that all verbal behavior is the result of shaping with reinforcement.
C)  believes in the existence of a language acquisition device.
D)  places a heavier emphasis on the role of social interactions in language development.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Because he is a hopeless romantic, Chad buys his wife a single red rose for no particular reason while grocery shopping. Realizing that he doesn't own a vase, he also buys the only one the supermarket has in stock, which is rather expensive. Upon coming home, his wife says, "Thanks for the rose, but is the vase really necessary? We can just put it in one of your many empty wine bottles that litter the kitchen." Chad's failure to realize that a wine bottle can serve as a makeshift, yet romantic, vase is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the recency effect.
B)  the availability bias.
C)  semantic interference.
D)  functional fixedness.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C) D

Question 10

One assumption of prospect theory is called the certainty effect. This means that:

Accepted Answer

A)  when making decisions, people give greater weight to outcomes that are a sure thing.
B)  people are certain that they want to avoid risk but are unsure that they want to maximize gains.
C)  when making decisions, people rely more on past outcomes than on future speculations.
D)  people are certain that they want to maximize gains but are unsure that they want to avoid risks.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Charlie calls Jasmine and asks her if she would like to get a cup of coffee. Jasmine declines, stating that she is very sick. But two hours later, Charlie sees Jasmine at a local bar with another guy. Using _____ reasoning, Charlie concludes that Jasmine lied to him.

Accepted Answer

A)  practical
B)  theoretical
C)  means-end
D)  functionalE) All of the above
F) None of the above B

Question 12

Thad suffered a stroke that resulted in brain damage. Thad is overheard saying, "The rain came before my feelings. I think the funny TV is cold. But it needs help with the scissors." Thad probably has suffered damage to the _____ cortex.

Accepted Answer

A)  right prefrontal
B)  left frontal
C)  left temporal
D)  right temporalE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

The behaviorist theory of language accounts for all of the following aspects of language development EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  grammar develops despite parents not spending much time teaching it to their children.
B)  children generate grammatical sentences they have never heard.
C)  children's language errors are overgeneralizations of rules instead of imitations of heard speech.
D)  children need to be taught the rules of grammar explicitly.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Broca's area is located in the _____ cortex.

Accepted Answer

A)  left frontal
B)  right frontal
C)  left temporal
D)  right temporalE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

The nativist view of language development is associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  B. F. Skinner.
B)  Noam Chomsky.
C)  Allen and Beatrix Gardner.
D)  Paul Broca.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 16

Means-ends analysis got its start by looking at how people solved _____ problems.

Accepted Answer

A)  well-defined
B)  ill-defined
C)  logical
D)  mathematicalE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Which statement is true for bilingual children versus monolingual children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bilingual children have a smaller vocabulary in each language than their monolingual peers.
B)  Bilingual children have a larger vocabulary in each language than their monolingual peers.
C)  Monolingual children are better at mathematics than bilingual children.
D)  There are no differences in the academic abilities of bilingual and monolingual children.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Which of these is NOT a strategy used in means-ends analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  relying on heuristics
B)  solving the problem directly if possible
C)  generating subgoals and solving those
D)  finding a similar problem with a known solutionE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Rodrigo has genetic dysphasia. Which statement about Rodrigo is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rodrigo probably has normal intelligence.
B)  There is an increased chance that people in Rodrigo's family also have genetic dysphasia.
C)  Rodrigo has difficulty with learning correct grammatical syntax.
D)  Rodrigo has difficulty with the semantics of language.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Quinn just turned 1 year old and has a spoken vocabulary of 15 words. Which statement about Quinn's language development is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Quinn soon should start learning two to three words per day for the next four years.
B)  Quinn understands the meaning of more than 15 words.
C)  Quinn is behind the norm in her language development.
D)  Quinn violates many grammatical rules when she speaks.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 9: Section 2: Language and Thought

Sophie suffered a stroke that damaged the region where the temporal lobe meets the occipital and parietal lobes. Which task will Sophie find difficult?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Which physical or emotional state is MOST associated with increased insight?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of these constitutes a research finding that supports the argument that insights do not occur in a sudden, all-or-nothing manner, but instead reflect incremental unconscious processes?

Correct Answer
verified

The case of Genie, a child who lived in virtual isolation for a decade, illustrates which important point about the nativist explanation of language development?

Correct Answer
verified

The prototype theory of categorization states that:

Correct Answer
verified

The interactionist approach to language development differs from the behaviorist approach in that the interactionist approach:

Correct Answer
verified

Humans excel at estimating:

Correct Answer
verified

The interactionist approach to language development differs from the nativist approach in that the interactionist approach:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
D

One assumption of prospect theory is called the certainty effect. This means that:

Correct Answer
verified

Charlie calls Jasmine and asks her if she would like to get a cup of coffee. Jasmine declines, stating that she is very sick. But two hours later, Charlie sees Jasmine at a local bar with another guy. Using _____ reasoning, Charlie concludes that Jasmine lied to him.

Correct Answer
verified
B

Thad suffered a stroke that resulted in brain damage. Thad is overheard saying, "The rain came before my feelings. I think the funny TV is cold. But it needs help with the scissors." Thad probably has suffered damage to the _____ cortex.

Correct Answer
verified

The behaviorist theory of language accounts for all of the following aspects of language development EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
verified

Broca's area is located in the _____ cortex.

Correct Answer
verified

The nativist view of language development is associated with:

Correct Answer
verified

Means-ends analysis got its start by looking at how people solved _____ problems.

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement is true for bilingual children versus monolingual children?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of these is NOT a strategy used in means-ends analysis?

Correct Answer
verified

Rodrigo has genetic dysphasia. Which statement about Rodrigo is NOT true?

Correct Answer
verified

Quinn just turned 1 year old and has a spoken vocabulary of 15 words. Which statement about Quinn's language development is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 9: Section 2: Language and Thought

Sophie suffered a stroke that damaged the region where the temporal lobe meets the occipital and parietal lobes. Which task will Sophie find difficult?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which physical or emotional state is MOST associated with increased insight?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these constitutes a research finding that supports the argument that insights do not occur in a sudden, all-or-nothing manner, but instead reflect incremental unconscious processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The case of Genie, a child who lived in virtual isolation for a decade, illustrates which important point about the nativist explanation of language development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The prototype theory of categorization states that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The interactionist approach to language development differs from the behaviorist approach in that the interactionist approach:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humans excel at estimating:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The interactionist approach to language development differs from the nativist approach in that the interactionist approach:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedD

One assumption of prospect theory is called the certainty effect. This means that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Charlie calls Jasmine and asks her if she would like to get a cup of coffee. Jasmine declines, stating that she is very sick. But two hours later, Charlie sees Jasmine at a local bar with another guy. Using _____ reasoning, Charlie concludes that Jasmine lied to him.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Thad suffered a stroke that resulted in brain damage. Thad is overheard saying, "The rain came before my feelings. I think the funny TV is cold. But it needs help with the scissors." Thad probably has suffered damage to the _____ cortex.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The behaviorist theory of language accounts for all of the following aspects of language development EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Broca's area is located in the _____ cortex.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nativist view of language development is associated with:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Means-ends analysis got its start by looking at how people solved _____ problems.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is true for bilingual children versus monolingual children?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is NOT a strategy used in means-ends analysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rodrigo has genetic dysphasia. Which statement about Rodrigo is NOT true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Quinn just turned 1 year old and has a spoken vocabulary of 15 words. Which statement about Quinn's language development is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified