Question 1

Refer to the graph. 2 in your leg muscles.When you have been running hard on a treadmill for 30 minutes, point _______ on the graph would best represent the PO2 in your leg muscles.Oxygen is being released faster to your leg muscles when their PO2 is at point _______ than when it is at either of the other two points on the graph. A)  A, B, B B)  B, C, B C)  B, A, A D)  C, B, B E)  C, A, A" class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" > When you are lying on the couch, point _______ on the graph would best represent the PO2 in your leg muscles.When you have been running hard on a treadmill for 30 minutes, point _______ on the graph would best represent the PO2 in your leg muscles.Oxygen is being released faster to your leg muscles when their PO2 is at point _______ than when it is at either of the other two points on the graph.

Accepted Answer

A)   A, B, B
B)   B, C, B
C)   B, A, A
D)   C, B, B
E)   C, A, AF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 2

Refer to the graph.  If you are an athlete training at high altitudes, the oxygen-binding/dissociation curve of your hemoglobin will shift such that the new curve will look like the curve labeled _______ in the graph.This occurs because the level of 2,3-BPG in your RBCs has increased.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the graph.  If you...

Question 3

Which statement about water breathing in fishes is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Circulation of blood maximizes PO2 on the internal side of the gill membrane.
B)   Water flows unidirectionally in through the operculum, over the gills, and out through the mouth to the external environment.
C)   Lamellae are thin to maximize diffusion distance between water and blood.
D)   The one-way flow of water over the gills maximizes PO2 on external gill surfaces.
E)   Gill arches are the actual sites for gas exchange.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 4

What is the correct order of structures through which air flows in a bird's respiratory system? (Note that bronchi are not included.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Trachea; anterior air sacs; parabronchi; posterior air sacs; trachea
B)   Trachea; anterior air sacs; posterior air sacs; parabronchi; trachea
C)   Trachea; parabronchi; anterior air sacs; posterior air sacs; trachea
D)   Trachea; posterior air sacs; parabronchi; anterior air sacs; trachea
E)   Trachea; posterior air sacs; anterior air sacs; parabronchi; tracheaF) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

The breathing tubes of insects are called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The breathing tubes of insects are called...

Question 6

Axons of respiratory motor neurons in the _______ medulla leave the CNS and form the phrenic nerve that innervates the _______; these neurons fire during normal inhalation.Respiratory motor neurons in the _______ medulla communicate via thoracic spinal nerves to the _______; these neurons fire during strenuous exercise.

Accepted Answer

A)   ventral; diaphragm; dorsal; intercostal muscles
B)   dorsal; diaphragm; ventral; intercostal muscles
C)   ventral; intercostal muscles; ventral; diaphragm
D)   dorsal; intercostal muscles; ventral; diaphragm
E)   dorsal; abdominal muscles; ventral; intercostal musclesF) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 7

Refer to the graph showing ventilation rates in a human.  As you run up a steep hill, your ventilation rate increases as you breathe faster and more deeply.This increase in ventilation rate is being caused primarily by an increase in the partial pressure of which gas carried in your blood? Based on the graph, what change in arterial PO2 would bring about the same change in ventilation rate as an increase in arterial PCO2 from 40 mm Hg to 50 mm Hg?

Accepted Answer

A human's breathing mechanism is more se...

Question 8

In Fick's law of diffusion, the term (P1 - P2)/L refers to the _______ gradient.

Accepted Answer

Question 9

The gills of fish employ a countercurrent exchange mechanism to ensure that O2 is efficiently extracted from the water.Describe how countercurrent exchange works.

Accepted Answer

In countercurrent exchange in the gills ...

Question 10

The O2-binding molecule that is abundant in muscle is called _______.

Accepted Answer

Question 11

Which statement about cellular respiration is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cells need ATP to produce oxygen via cellular respiration.
B)   Respiratory gases are exchanged between the respiratory medium (air or water)  and the internal body fluids of an animal via active transport.
C)   Carbon dioxide is an end product of cellular respiration that must be removed from the body.
D)   In a gas exchange system, a perfusion mechanism moves air or water across the outer surface of the respiratory membrane.
E)   In a gas exchange system, a ventilation mechanism moves extracellular fluids across the inner surface of the respiratory membrane.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 12

Refer to the figure.  This figure could represent a blood capillary in a(n)  _______.Blood at A has come most recently from the _______; blood at B is going most directly to the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   fish; heart; body
B)   bird; body; heart
C)   rabbit; heart; heart
D)   insect; spiracle; air sac
E)   human; heart; bodyF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Which statement about respiratory adaptations is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Respiratory surfaces in all animals require ventilation.
B)   External gills are found only in invertebrates.
C)   Most fishes ventilate their gills by swimming almost constantly with their mouths open.
D)   In fish, water flows unidirectionally into the mouth, over the gills, and out from under the opercular flaps.
E)   Desiccation of the respiratory surface is more likely to occur in gills than in lungs.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

According to Fick's law of diffusion, which would contribute to a higher rate of diffusion of respiratory gases?

Accepted Answer

A)   A respiratory membrane with a large rather than a small surface area
B)   Water instead of air as the medium
C)   Long rather than short diffusion distance
D)   A small rather than large difference in partial pressures of the gas on either side of the respiratory membrane
E)   Low rather than high temperatureF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

The major site of PCO2 sensitivity is located on the _______ and is directly stimulated by _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   ventral surface of the medulla; H+
B)   aorta; H+
C)   ventral surface of the medulla; PCO2
D)   carotid artery; PCO2
E)   ventral surface of the medulla; PO2F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

External _______ are highly branched folds of the body surface of some animals that are involved in gas exchange.

Accepted Answer

The answer of External _______ are highly branched folds of...

Question 17

In August of 2010, during an unusually hot spell, hundreds of thousands of dead fish washed ashore in the Delaware Bay.A likely cause of the fish kill was

Accepted Answer

A)   lowered oxygen content of the water.
B)   lowered metabolic rates in the fish.
C)   higher carbon dioxide content of the water.
D)   increased density of the water.
E)   increased oxygen content of the water.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

In the mammalian lung, the amount of air that is moved either in or out during normal breathing is called the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the mammalian lung, the amount of...

Question 19

Muscle cells have their own oxygen-binding molecule called

Accepted Answer

A)   hemoglobin.
B)   tropoglobin.
C)   myoglobin.
D)   calciglobin.
E)   glycoglobin.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

The _______ are the regions of the lungs where gas exchange takes place.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ are the regions of the...

Exam 48: Gas Exchange

The gills of fish employ a countercurrent exchange mechanism to ensure that O₂ is efficiently extracted from the water.Describe how countercurrent exchange works.

Correct Answer
verified
In countercurrent exchange in the gills ...
View Answer

Muscle cells have their own oxygen-binding molecule called

Correct Answer
verified

According to Fick's law of diffusion, which would contribute to a higher rate of diffusion of respiratory gases?

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement about cellular respiration is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A human's breathing mechanism is more se...
View Answer

The major site of PCO₂ sensitivity is located on the _ and is directly stimulated by _.

Correct Answer
verified

What is the correct order of structures through which air flows in a bird's respiratory system? (Note that bronchi are not included.)

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement about respiratory adaptations is true?

Correct Answer
verified

External _______ are highly branched folds of the body surface of some animals that are involved in gas exchange.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The _______ are the regions of the lungs where gas exchange takes place.

Correct Answer
verified

The breathing tubes of insects are called _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement about water breathing in fishes is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Refer to the figure. This figure could represent a blood capillary in a(n) ___.Blood at A has come most recently from the _; blood at B is going most directly to the _____.

Correct Answer
verified

Refer to the graph. If you are an athlete training at high altitudes, the oxygen-binding/dissociation curve of your hemoglobin will shift such that the new curve will look like the curve labeled _______ in the graph.This occurs because the level of 2,3-BPG in your RBCs has increased.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The O₂-binding molecule that is abundant in muscle is called _______.

Correct Answer
verified

In August of 2010, during an unusually hot spell, hundreds of thousands of dead fish washed ashore in the Delaware Bay.A likely cause of the fish kill was

Correct Answer
verified

In the mammalian lung, the amount of air that is moved either in or out during normal breathing is called the _______.

Correct Answer
verified

In Fick's law of diffusion, the term (P₁ - P₂)/L refers to the _______ gradient.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 48: Gas Exchange

The gills of fish employ a countercurrent exchange mechanism to ensure that O2 is efficiently extracted from the water.Describe how countercurrent exchange works.

Correct AnswerverifiedIn countercurrent exchange in the gills ...View AnswerShow Answer

Muscle cells have their own oxygen-binding molecule called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Fick's law of diffusion, which would contribute to a higher rate of diffusion of respiratory gases?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about cellular respiration is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedA human's breathing mechanism is more se...View AnswerShow Answer

The major site of PCO2 sensitivity is located on the _______ and is directly stimulated by _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the correct order of structures through which air flows in a bird's respiratory system? (Note that bronchi are not included.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about respiratory adaptations is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

External _______ are highly branched folds of the body surface of some animals that are involved in gas exchange.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _______ are the regions of the lungs where gas exchange takes place.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The breathing tubes of insects are called _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about water breathing in fishes is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the figure. This figure could represent a blood capillary in a(n) _______.Blood at A has come most recently from the _______; blood at B is going most directly to the _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the graph. If you are an athlete training at high altitudes, the oxygen-binding/dissociation curve of your hemoglobin will shift such that the new curve will look like the curve labeled _______ in the graph.This occurs because the level of 2,3-BPG in your RBCs has increased.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The O2-binding molecule that is abundant in muscle is called _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In August of 2010, during an unusually hot spell, hundreds of thousands of dead fish washed ashore in the Delaware Bay.A likely cause of the fish kill was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the mammalian lung, the amount of air that is moved either in or out during normal breathing is called the _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Fick's law of diffusion, the term (P1 - P2)/L refers to the _______ gradient.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gills of fish employ a countercurrent exchange mechanism to ensure that O₂ is efficiently extracted from the water.Describe how countercurrent exchange works.

Correct Answer
verified
In countercurrent exchange in the gills ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A human's breathing mechanism is more se...
View Answer

The major site of PCO₂ sensitivity is located on the _ and is directly stimulated by _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Refer to the figure. This figure could represent a blood capillary in a(n) ___.Blood at A has come most recently from the _; blood at B is going most directly to the _____.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The O₂-binding molecule that is abundant in muscle is called _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In Fick's law of diffusion, the term (P₁ - P₂)/L refers to the _______ gradient.

Correct Answer
verified