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Exam 22: Operant Conditioning

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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Adult males who spent three evenings watching sexually violent films became

A) progressively more bothered by the filmed violence and later expressed more sympathy for domestic violence victims.
B) progressively less bothered by the filmed violence and later expressed less sympathy for domestic violence victims.
C) progressively less bothered by the filmed violence and later expressed more sympathy for domestic violence victims.
D) progressively more bothered by the filmed violence and later expressed less sympathy for domestic violence victims.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Question 2

Multiple Choice

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Without conscious reflection,people often yawn when they observe others yawning.Researchers are now considering whether this can be attributed to

A) mirror neuron activity.
B) classical conditioning.
C) latent learning.
D) extrinsic motivation.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Question 3

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Vicki once loved the taste of carrots.But after eating some carrots that had been contaminated by nausea-producing toxins,she developed a taste aversion to carrots.This best illustrates the impact of

Marcy grows roses for the sheer joy of it;Jennifer grows them to sell at a profit.Marcy's behavior reflects ________,whereas Jennifer's behavior reflects ________.

Psychologists once believed that any stimulus (whether a taste,sight,or sound) could serve equally well as a conditioned stimulus.This belief was challenged by research demonstrating the importance of

The desire to perform a behavior due to promised rewards or threats of punishment involves

Dan and Joel,both 4-year-olds,have seen all the Spiderman movies.Joel's mother recently found the boys standing on the garage roof,ready to try jumping across to the next roof.What best accounts for the boys' behavior?

After a week at college,Su-Chuan has formed a mental representation of the layout of the campus and no longer gets lost.Su-Chuan has developed a(n)

We are most likely to imitate the behavior of models if we observe that their actions are

Some scientists have suggested that mirror neurons most clearly provide us with the capacity for

Professor Jones has found that when one monkey sees a second monkey touch four pictures in a certain order to gain a banana,the first monkey learns to imitate that sequence.Professor Jones has found an example of

Mirror neurons are believed by some scientists to provide a biological basis for

Nikki has learned to expect the sound of thunder whenever she sees a flash of lightning.This suggests that associative learning involves

Intrinsic motivation refers to a desire to perform an activity

Animals most readily learn the specific associations that promote

(a)Several days after drinking an excessive amount of alcohol,Kendra becomes nauseated simply by the smell of liquor.The sight of the half-empty liquor bottle from which she drank does not,however,upset her.What does Kendra's pattern of response indicate about the limits of associative learning? (b)If George is spanked immediately after his baby sister cries,he is likely to become fearful every time she cries.If Ken is spanked immediately before his baby sister cries,he is not likely to become fearful when she cries.What do the different reactions of George and Ken suggest about the role of cognitive processes in associative learning?

Prolonged exposure to media violence causes people to become indifferent to violent brutality in real life.This best illustrates that one effect of viewing media violence is

Helpful and constructive actions best illustrate

An organism's ability to mentally anticipate that a US will follow a CS is most likely to be highlighted by a(n) ________ perspective.

Socially responsive toddlers who readily imitate their parents tend to become preschoolers with a strong internalized conscience.This best illustrates the impact of