Question 1

Prejudice is best defined as

Accepted Answer

A)   the tendency to favor members of one's own group.
B)   an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members.
C)   a perceived incompatibility of actions or goals.
D)   the belief that victims of misfortune deserve their fate.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 2

According to the scapegoat theory,prejudice is likely to result from

Accepted Answer

A)   the other-race effect.
B)   the just-world phenomenon.
C)   ingroup bias.
D)   frustration.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Disparaging or belittling a despised outgroup provides people with a heightened sense of

Accepted Answer

A)   social scripts.
B)   social identity.
C)   self-esteem.
D)   the other-race effect.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

When Christa learned that she did not make the cheerleading team,she stole clothes and toiletries out of the lockers of several cheerleaders.Her behavior is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)   scapegoat theory.
B)   the just-world phenomenon.
C)   blaming the victim.
D)   the frustration-aggression principle.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Evidence for the scapegoat theory of prejudice comes in two forms: ________ frustration and temporary frustration when a goal is thwarted,for example.

Accepted Answer

A)   ingroup
B)   general
C)   national
D)   economicE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Ten-year-old Emmitt is able to bully other children to do what he wants because he is larger than they are.This successful bullying increases his self-esteem,which in turn leads to more bullying during the school year.Emmitt's bullying has increased due to

Accepted Answer

A)   modeling.
B)   reinforcement.
C)   conformity.
D)   groupthink.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

A store owner charges Black customers more than Hispanic customers for the very same merchandise.The owner is most clearly engaging in

Accepted Answer

A)   unconscious patronization.
B)   stereotyping.
C)   scapegoating.
D)   discrimination.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Before Mark had even heard the details of Allison's car accident,he commented,"Allison is so absentminded,I'm sure it happened because she was probably talking on her cell phone and not paying attention." Mark's response illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   blaming the victim.
B)   the just-world phenomenon.
C)   social scripts.
D)   ingroup bias.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

When a mild-mannered woman had an electrode implanted in her amygdala,she

Accepted Answer

A)   developed more aggressive tendencies.
B)   acted just as she had before the implantation.
C)   became even milder,unable even to say "no" to anyone's request for help.
D)   lost her ability to remember events that had recently occurred.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

If researchers found that people take longer to identify words such as assertive and bold as "strong" when the words are associated with female faces rather than with male faces,this finding would illustrate

Accepted Answer

A)   explicit prejudice.
B)   implicit prejudice.
C)   social scripts.
D)   the other-race effect.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Professor Lindsten emphasized that aggressive behavior often involves the interactive influence of personal frustration,exposure to aggressive models,and heightened levels of arousal.The professor's emphasis best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   scapegoating theory.
B)   the hindsight bias.
C)   genetic influences.
D)   a biopsychosocial approach.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 12

The other-race effect refers to a bias with respect to the recognition of other people's

Accepted Answer

A)   names.
B)   faces.
C)   voices.
D)   personality traits.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 13

The tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races is called

Accepted Answer

A)   ingroup bias.
B)   the other-race effect.
C)   outgroup homogeneity.
D)   implicit bias.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Which areas of the brain do researchers believe may be responsible for violent behavior because it is/they are damaged,immature,or disconnected?

Accepted Answer

A)   temporal lobes
B)   frontal lobes
C)   hippocampus
D)   hypothalamusE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Parents who discipline their children with beatings are often teaching aggression through the process of

Accepted Answer

A)   social scripts.
B)   scapegoat theory.
C)   modeling.
D)   blaming the victim.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Morris,who is White,was a witness to a crime committed by one White and one Black suspect.When asked by the police to pick them out of a lineup,Morris was unable to pick out the Black suspect.This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   ingroup bias.
B)   scapegoat theory.
C)   the just-world phenomenon.
D)   the other-race effect.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

In Major League Baseball games,the probability of batters being hit by a pitched ball increases with

Accepted Answer

A)   the batter's age.
B)   larger crowd sizes.
C)   higher air temperatures.
D)   the salary levels of the pitchers.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

The social group to which a person belongs is called the ________,and the social group to which a person does not belong is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   ingroup;outgroup
B)   outgroup;ingroup
C)   ingroup bias;outgroup homogeneity
D)   overt group;subtle groupE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

A readiness to assume that enslaved people deserve the cruel treatment they receive best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   ingroup bias.
B)   outgroup homogeneity.
C)   the just-world phenomenon.
D)   the frustration-aggression principle.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

When temperatures rise in summer,the rates of violent crimes increase.This is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)   a culture-of-honor.
B)   the just-world phenomenon.
C)   scapegoat theory
D)   the frustration-aggression principle.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 43: Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors

Ten-year-old Emmitt is able to bully other children to do what he wants because he is larger than they are.This successful bullying increases his self-esteem,which in turn leads to more bullying during the school year.Emmitt's bullying has increased due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prejudice is best defined as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Morris,who is White,was a witness to a crime committed by one White and one Black suspect.When asked by the police to pick them out of a lineup,Morris was unable to pick out the Black suspect.This illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If researchers found that people take longer to identify words such as assertive and bold as "strong" when the words are associated with female faces rather than with male faces,this finding would illustrate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evidence for the scapegoat theory of prejudice comes in two forms: ________ frustration and temporary frustration when a goal is thwarted,for example.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When temperatures rise in summer,the rates of violent crimes increase.This is best explained in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Christa learned that she did not make the cheerleading team,she stole clothes and toiletries out of the lockers of several cheerleaders.Her behavior is best explained in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which areas of the brain do researchers believe may be responsible for violent behavior because it is/they are damaged,immature,or disconnected?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The other-race effect refers to a bias with respect to the recognition of other people's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A readiness to assume that enslaved people deserve the cruel treatment they receive best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parents who discipline their children with beatings are often teaching aggression through the process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The social group to which a person belongs is called the ________,and the social group to which a person does not belong is called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Before Mark had even heard the details of Allison's car accident,he commented,"Allison is so absentminded,I'm sure it happened because she was probably talking on her cell phone and not paying attention." Mark's response illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Major League Baseball games,the probability of batters being hit by a pitched ball increases with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Lindsten emphasized that aggressive behavior often involves the interactive influence of personal frustration,exposure to aggressive models,and heightened levels of arousal.The professor's emphasis best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Disparaging or belittling a despised outgroup provides people with a heightened sense of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a mild-mannered woman had an electrode implanted in her amygdala,she

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A store owner charges Black customers more than Hispanic customers for the very same merchandise.The owner is most clearly engaging in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the scapegoat theory,prejudice is likely to result from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The social group to which a person belongs is called the ,and the social group to which a person does not belong is called the .

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