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Exam 7: Groups and Organizations

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Question 51

Multiple Choice

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Max Weber noted many traits of bureaucracy.Which of the following list is NOT one of them?

A) favoring family members over strangers
B) arranging offices in a hierarchy
C) enacting many rules and regulations
D) providing workers with highly specialized jobs

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 52

Multiple Choice

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What type of leaders downplay their own power, letting group members function more or less on their own?

A) authoritarian leaders
B) democratic leaders
C) laissez-faire leaders
D) instrumental leaders

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 53

Essay

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What is the meaning of "in-group" and "out-group"? How do they both affect the opinions and behavior of individuals? Give an example of each operating as a reference group.

What are the dangers that are posed to us by the process called the "McDonaldization" of society? Develop some strategies, policies, or personal choices that might help discourage the spread of this process.

A psychiatric hospital can be a coercive organization for a patient, a utilitarian organization for a psychiatrist, and a normative organization for a part-time volunteer.

What do sociologists call two or more people who identify and interact with one another?

Read the list of traits below.Which of these traits is NOT a characteristic of secondary groups?

Which type of leadership style takes charge of making decisions and makes sure people do what they are told?

During the last fifty years, Japanese formal organizations have differed from those in the United States by being

What is the "McDonaldization" of society? List the four principles that define this organizational pattern.In what ways is this pattern good for society? In what ways does it threaten us?

Scientific management was an effort to humanize the workplace.

In this essay, list the key characteristics of bureaucracy.What was it about bureaucracy that Max Weber saw as being positive? What did he see as being negative? To what extent to you agree with Weber's assessment?

If you were a prisoner, a maximum-security prison would be which of the following types of organizations from your point of view?

Expressive leadership emphasizes the completion of tasks.

Why do many analysts claim that the spread of formal organizations threatens personal privacy? What do you think can be done about the erosion of personal privacy?

The scientific management approach was developed by

If you want your social group to be open to any and all people as new members, which of the following policies would you support?

The "McDonaldization" of society thesis echoes Weber's belief that rational systems are efficient, but also dehumanizing.

Which type of leader encourages everyone in a group to have a say in what happens?

Stanley Milgram's research, in which subjects used a "shock generator," showed