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Customer feedback provides a human element that energizes employees to change their current behavior patterns.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following types of resistance to change is a strategy to "prove" that the decision is wrong or that the change agent is incompetent?


A) Direct costs
B) Saving face
C) Fear of the unknown
D) Breaking routines
E) Incongruent organizational systems

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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According to the Four-D Model,appreciative inquiry begins by:


A) determining the cause of the problem.
B) determining whether there is a problem that needs to be fixed.
C) involving employees in the process of refreezing.
D) identifying the positive elements of an organization or work unit that is performing well.
E) creating a common image among participants of what should be in their own organization.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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One reason the CEO's idea of using an appreciative inquiry approach might be successful is that this approach takes the organization from "what is" to ultimately:


A) "what will be."
B) "what should be."
C) "what could be."
D) "what might be."
E) "what cannot be."

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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A parallel learning structure:


A) is a feature of all organizational change interventions.
B) includes highly participative teams constructed alongside the formal organizational hierarchy.
C) exists in organizations where employees are located in two or more buildings.
D) is mostly comprised of senior management and some professional staff members.
E) includes a specialized team of experts who possess the necessary skills to monitor the change process.

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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The force field analysis model states that stability is achieved only when the driving forces for change subside and are replaced by restraining forces acting in the same direction.

A) True
B) False

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When managing change,learning interventions should be used:


A) to break routines that cause resistance to change.
B) when the organization wants to reduce the cost of implementing change.
C) when employees resist change due to direct costs.
D) in all change management activities.
E) only when all other strategies have failed.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Unless the change must occur quickly or employee interests are highly incompatible with the organization's needs,employee involvement is almost an essential part of the change process.

A) True
B) False

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Explain the various reasons due to which employees resist change.

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Unfreezing refers to:


A) getting one's own way in organizational politics.
B) wrong management practices that discourage newcomers from staying with the organization.
C) ensuring that the change effort is diffused to others within the organization.
D) the process of improving organizational communication.
E) producing disequilibrium between the driving and restraining forces of change.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Which of these forces pushes organizations toward a new state of affairs?


A) Process forces
B) Driving forces
C) Parallel learning structures
D) Restraining forces
E) Vertical learning structures

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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ABC Corp selected employees from across the organization to find new ways to serve its customers.The team operated independently of the main organization and experimented with new service delivery approaches.This team is most similar to:


A) the sequential approach to organizational change.
B) a parallel learning structure.
C) the appreciative inquiry approach to organizational change.
D) the process of diffusing organizational change.
E) the process of creating an urgency to change.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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In organizational change,unfreezing may occur by:


A) increasing the restraining forces.
B) increasing the driving forces.
C) reducing the urgency to change.
D) changing individuals in key positions.
E) reducing the pace of the change.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Increasing the driving forces and reducing the restraining forces tends to:


A) reduce the need for change.
B) unfreeze the status quo.
C) refreeze the status quo.
D) decrease environmental stability.
E) produce environmental equilibrium.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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The first step in the Four-D model of appreciative inquiry is dreaming,in which participants envision what might be possible in an ideal organization.

A) True
B) False

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In the organizational change process,strategic visions:


A) could increase or decrease the resistance to change.
B) should be suppressed as the change process might require an alternate strategy.
C) could minimize fear of the unknown.
D) form the second stage of action research.
E) lead to negotiations between management and employees.

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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Practices such as action research avoid the use of management's power to induce compliance and conformity and is less likely to create ethical issues.

A) True
B) False

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Communication should be applied to reduce resistance to change where the change must occur quickly with little financial cost.

A) True
B) False

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The four stages of appreciative inquiry,in order,are:


A) problem identification, envisioning, choosing the best solution, and appreciating.
B) dialogue initiating, innovating, creating, and appreciating.
C) problem identification, causal analysis, recommended solutions, and choosing the best solution.
D) discovery, dreaming, designing, and delivering.
E) problem identification, envisioning, performing, and evaluating.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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What is the role of future search conferences in the process of organizational change?


A) They are an effective form of coercion so that employees agree to abide by the change process.
B) They mainly select the best person to serve as the change agent for the process.
C) They build commitment to the change process by involving as many employees as possible.
D) They interfere with the change process and therefore should be avoided unless the other approaches fail.
E) They are mainly a forum whereby senior executives can tell employees about their future corporate plans.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

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