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Exam 17: Organizational Change

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Question 41

Multiple Choice

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Employees tend to resist change when:

A) they work in a place where rewards and other control systems are incongruent with the new state of affairs.
B) they perceive that the new state of affairs will have higher direct costs or lower benefits than the existing situation.
C) they perceive that they lack the necessary skills required in the new state of affairs.
D) All of these may cause resistance to change.
E) None of these causes resistance to change.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Question 42

Multiple Choice

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Which of these statements about driving forces is FALSE?

A) Many driving forces are unknown to employees beyond the top ranks of the organization.
B) Some driving forces, such as the existence of a competitor, are well known to employees.
C) Driving forces should be created by leaders if there are no reasons for change.
D) Customer expectations represent a powerful driver for change.
E) Organizational change is more likely to occur if employees experience reasonably strong driving forces.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Question 43

Multiple Choice

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One problem that communication,learning,and employee involvement have in minimizing resistance to change is that:

Which of the following is NOT a feature of action research?

Until recently,employees at a regional building of a large telephone company were throwing out nearly two tons of rubbish every day.To reduce the amount of waste at the 12-storey building,a special task force was set up consisting of respected employees representing most areas within the building.The task force reviewed practices in other organizations and developed action plans to implement the changes.Employees received weekly information via email during the two months before the program started about what changes they should expect.Employees attended special sessions that showed them how to reduce paper waste by using both sides of paper,using scrap paper as memo pads,reusing office envelopes and relying more on email and voice mail than written memos.A special telephone hotline was set up so that employees could get answers to questions about recycling and ease their concerns about the change.The program also created barriers to wasteful behavior.Paper towels were replaced with electric hand dryers in the washrooms.Styrofoam cups were replaced with reusable mugs at each employee's desk.Wastepaper baskets in each cubicle were removed.In their place,employees were given tiny reusable bags to carry non-recyclables to specially marked trash cans located elsewhere in the building.The task force monitored waste every week and displayed the results on a large graph in the building entrance.What strategies did this company use to minimize resistance to change?

Outline the organizational change process based on the action research approach.

To reduce the restraining forces,which of the following should be applied in the order presented?

Successful change requires a well-articulated and appealing vision of the desired future state.

Consultants involved in organizational change should first determine the client's readiness for change.

ABC Corp selected employees from across the organization to find new ways to serve customers.The team operated independently of the main organization and experimented with new service delivery approaches.This team is most similar to:

In Lewin's force field analysis model,refreezing occurs when the organization's systems and structures are aligned with the desired behaviors.

Discovery,dreaming,and delivering are the first three stages of appreciative inquiry.

The first step in appreciative inquiry is dreaming,in which participants envision what might be possible in an ideal organization.

Describe three ethical problems that may arise from organizational change activities.

Positive organizational behavior is deeply grounded in:

Pilot projects are usually more flexible and less risky than centralized,organization-wide programs.

Action research adopts the emerging philosophy of positive organizational behavior.

In organizational change,unfreezing may occur by:

The best way to manage resistance to change among those who will clearly lose out from the change is to introduce coercion practices.

The highest priority and first strategy required for any organizational change is to: