Question 1

Thyroid hormones are important for growth because they

Accepted Answer

A)  Maintain the responsiveness of various tissues to growth-promoting hormones
B)  Promote synthesis of GH by the anterior pituitary gland
C)  Increase metabolic rate above normal when their levels are high
D)  Both do maintain the responsiveness of various tissues to growth-promoting hormones and promote synthesis of GH by the anterior pituitary gland are correct
E)  Do all of the choicesF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

The actions of thyroid hormones in stimulating body growth are permissive to the actions of growth hormone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Thyroid hormones stimulate metabolism by stimulating

Accepted Answer

A)  Lipid synthesis
B)  The Na/K ATPase
C)  Action potentials
D)  Cell divisionE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Hormones of the posterior lobe of the pituitary are synthesized in neuronal cell bodies of the hypothalamus and transported to the pituitary in axonal fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Bone growth

Accepted Answer

A)  Occurs as a result of osteoblast division
B)  Of the long bones requires growth of the epiphyseal cartilage
C)  Of the long bones ceases after closure of the epiphyseal growth plate
D)  Both occurs as a result of osteoblast division and of the long bones requires growth of the epiphyseal cartilage are correct
E)  Both of the long bones requires growth of the epiphyseal cartilage and of the long bones ceases after closure of the epiphyseal growth plate are correctF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anterior pituitary hormones are synthesized in the hypothalamus
B)  All hormones secreted by the anterior and posterior pituitary glands are peptides
C)  IGF-I stimulates growth by increasing growth hormone secretion through positive feedback
D)  Both anterior pituitary hormones are synthesized in the hypothalamus and all hormones secreted by the anterior and posterior pituitary glands are peptides are correct
E)  Both all hormones secreted by the anterior and posterior pituitary glands are peptides and IGF-I stimulates growth by increasing growth hormone secretion through positive feedback are correctF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

Receptors for estradiol,T3,and vasopressin are located in the nuclei of target cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The effect of some tropic hormones is to stimulate release of other tropic hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Cells that secrete steroid hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  Store large amounts of hormone
B)  Are characterized by abundant agranular endoplasmic reticulum
C)  Are characterized by large and numerous mitochodria
D)  Both store large amounts of hormone and are characterized by abundant agranular endoplasmic reticulum are correct
E)  Both are characterized by abundant agranular endoplasmic reticulum and are characterized by large and numerous mitochondria are correctF) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

A subject consuming a diet deficient in iodine is likely to have

Accepted Answer

A)  A low plasma concentration of thyroxine due to reduced secretion of TSH by the pituitary gland
B)  A low plasma concentration of thyroxine and an enlarged thyroid gland
C)  A high plasma concentration of TSH
D)  A low plasma concentration of thyroxine due to reduced secretion of TSH by the pituitary gland and a low plasma concentration of thyroxine and an enlarged thyroid gland
E)  A low plasma concentration of thyroxine and an enlarged thyroid gland and a high plasma concentration of TSHF) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

An absence of thyroid hormones during fetal development leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  Acromegaly
B)  Cushing's syndrome
C)  Cretinism
D)  Graves' disease
E)  Addison's diseaseF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

The gonadotropic hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulate hormone secretion by the gonads
B)  Are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland of both males and females
C)  Are LH and prolactin
D)  Both stimulate hormone secretion by the gonads and are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland of both males and females are correct
E)  All of the choices are correctF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

A hormone may be

Accepted Answer

A)  Inactivated by its target cell
B)  Activated by its target cell
C)  Inactivated by nontarget cells
D)  Excreted before it has a chance to act on a target cell
E)  All of the choices are correctF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

The net intake and output of calcium for the entire body is regulated most directly by the activities of the kidneys and the gastrointestinal tract.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Growth hormone secretion rate is highest

Accepted Answer

A)  In utero
B)  During childhood
C)  During adolescence
D)  During adulthood
E)  During senescenceF) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following is not a cause of hyporesponsiveness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low levels of the circulating hormone
B)  Abnormal receptors incapable of binding the hormone on the target tissue
C)  Defects in the second messenger pathway used by a hormone and its receptor
D)  Enzymes required for activation of the prohormone may be absent
E)  All of the choices are causes of hyporesponsivenessF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

What would be the effect of a blood clot that blocked the veins of the hypothalamo-pituitary portal system in the infundibulum between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secretion of ACTH will decrease and the adrenal cortex will atrophy
B)  The secretion of gonadotropins will decrease and the gonads will hypertrophy
C)  Plasma cortisol concentration will decrease, which will cause a decrease in long-loop negative feedback, and so the secretion of ACTH by the pituitary gland will increase
D)  Both secretion of ACTH will decrease and the adrenal cortex will atrophy and the secretion of gonadotropins will decrease and the gonads will hypertrophy would occur
E)  Both the secretion of gonadotropins will decrease and the gonads will hypertrophy and plasma cortisol concentration will decrease, which will cause a decrease in long-loop negative feedback, and so the secretion of ACTH by the pituitary gland will increase would occurF) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

A deficiency in dietary iodine can cause

Accepted Answer

A)  Cretinism
B)  A slowing of mental functions
C)  Low metabolic rate
D)  Cretinism and a slowing of mental functions
E)  All of these thingsF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

The median eminence of the hypothalamus is

Accepted Answer

A)  The site of synthesis of ACTH
B)  A site of neurohormone release into blood vessels
C)  A major link connecting the nervous system and the endocrine system
D)  The site of synthesis of ACTH and a site of neurohormone release into blood vessels
E)  A site of neurohormone release into blood vessels and a major link connecting the nervous system and the endocrine systemF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Unlike neurons,endocrine cells generally do not act as integrators of various kinds of positive or negative inputs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: The Endocrine System

Thyroid hormones stimulate metabolism by stimulating

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The net intake and output of calcium for the entire body is regulated most directly by the activities of the kidneys and the gastrointestinal tract.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Receptors for estradiol,T3,and vasopressin are located in the nuclei of target cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A subject consuming a diet deficient in iodine is likely to have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An absence of thyroid hormones during fetal development leads to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a cause of hyporesponsiveness?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bone growth

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unlike neurons,endocrine cells generally do not act as integrators of various kinds of positive or negative inputs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hormone may be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The effect of some tropic hormones is to stimulate release of other tropic hormones.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The median eminence of the hypothalamus is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thyroid hormones are important for growth because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The actions of thyroid hormones in stimulating body growth are permissive to the actions of growth hormone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Growth hormone secretion rate is highest

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gonadotropic hormones

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What would be the effect of a blood clot that blocked the veins of the hypothalamo-pituitary portal system in the infundibulum between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary gland?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A deficiency in dietary iodine can cause

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cells that secrete steroid hormones

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hormones of the posterior lobe of the pituitary are synthesized in neuronal cell bodies of the hypothalamus and transported to the pituitary in axonal fluid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified