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Provide two decision making examples: one of an occasion when a consumer might use a compensatory decision rule,and one when the consumer might use a noncompensatory decision rule.For each,briefly identify the characteristics of the decision that would make a compensatory or noncompensatory rule the best choice.Be specific.

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Responses will vary widely.The...

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At a convenience store,Brian bought a bag of chips he had never tried before.Driving down the road,Brian opened the bag,took a bite,and realized he had purchased pork rinds by mistake.Being a vegetarian,Brian tossed the chips away.Brian felt very little buyer's remorse and soon forgot about the experience.Why?

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Buyer's remorse or postpurchase cognitiv...

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After purchasing an expensive pair of shoes,you may question whether or not the shoes are any better than the less expensive shoes you could have purchased instead.This is an example of postpurchase cognitive dissonance.

A) True
B) False

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Negative attitudes are typically difficult for marketers to change because:


A) most consumers' attitudes depend on prices.
B) consumers weigh performance risk against functional needs when assessing their attitudes.
C) attitudes are learned and long lasting.
D) attitudes shift consumers from limited to extended problem solving situations.
E) consumers' attitudes are derived from unchanging decision rules.

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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Setting high customer satisfaction expectations is a good strategy that will help to avoid customer dissatisfaction in the long run.

A) True
B) False

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Daniel sells specialty software designed to allow small insurance companies to manage customer data and claims.Daniel knows that satisfied customers are likely to come back for software updates.To ensure that customers are satisfied after purchasing his software,Daniel should:


A) create realistic expectations through his communication with customers.
B) carefully demonstrate the software to his customers' staff.
C) provide a satisfaction guarantee or return policy.
D) provide a hotline to answer customers' questions.
E) all of these.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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_________________ attributes are product or service features that are important to buyers and that are used to differentiate among choices.


A) Retrieval
B) Financial
C) Social
D) Determinant
E) Safety / performance

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Consumers consider universal,retrieval,and evoked sets during which stage of the consumer decision process?


A) Need recognition
B) Postpurchase evaluation
C) Information search
D) Situational analysis
E) Evaluation of alternatives

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Among the factors affecting the consumer decision-making process is / are ________,the way consumers spend their time and money to live.


A) lifestyle
B) conspicuous consumption
C) the demonstration effect
D) external validation
E) life standards

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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Once consumers have recognized a need,they begin to search for ways to satisfy that need.The internal search is characterized by:


A) looking through the internal records of a firm,often found on the company website.
B) examining personal memories and knowledge.
C) using the Internet to find what other consumers feel about a specific product or service.
D) consulting close friends and families before expanding the search to a wider,external group.
E) All of these

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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There are five types of risks associated with purchase decisions.Which of the following best describes a situation where your new car stalls in the middle of a busy intersection?


A) Physiological risk
B) Social risk
C) Financial risk
D) Functional risk
E) Psychological risk

F) All of the above
G) None of the above

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For many American consumers,the purchase of a personal computer has shifted from an extended problem solving decision to a limited problem solving decision.How have marketers adjusted to this change?

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Answers will vary but consumers involved...

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In the consumer decision process,we decide how much time and effort to expend searching for information based partly on:


A) postpurchase dissonance.
B) the outcome of the alternative evaluation process.
C) the degree of perceived risk associated with the product or service being considered.
D) the results of habitual decision making.
E) all of these.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Store atmosphere factors such as ____________ can influence consumers' purchase decisions.


A) lighting
B) scents
C) music
D) color
E) all of these.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Consumers use and process different aspects of advertising or messages._______________ yields greater attention and deeper processing,and leads to strong attitudes and purchase intentions.


A) An external locus of control
B) High involvement
C) Low involvement
D) Differential content
E) Internet advertising

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Upscale men's and women's clothing stores primarily appeal to consumers'______________ needs.


A) functional
B) postpurchase
C) safety
D) psychological
E) situational

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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One of the major benefits of having satisfied customers is they spread positive word of mouth.

A) True
B) False

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Marketers are particularly interested in postpurchase behavior because it:


A) involves both compensatory and noncompensatory consumers.
B) offers insights into information search methods.
C) avoids situational conflicts.
D) involves actual rather than potential customers.
E) all of these.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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To attract and maintain habitual purchasers,marketers spend considerable effort:


A) analyzing consumer data for postpurchase dissonance signals.
B) creating strong brands and store loyalty.
C) cultivating cultural decision making.
D) reducing financial risk and increasing psychological payout.
E) all of these.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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Though he has never owned a Jaguar,Jerry thinks they are poorly made and have many mechanical problems.For Jaguar to sell Jerry a car,the company would need to change the _____________ component of Jerry's attitude.


A) social
B) affective
C) functional
D) cognitive
E) physiological

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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