Question 1

Urea is transported out of the descending limb of the loop of Henle to add to the high osmolarity of the medulla.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Na+ reabsorption is a(n) __________ process,while Cl- reabsoprtion is a(n) __________ process.

Accepted Answer

A)  active,active
B)  active,passive
C)  passive,passive
D)  passive,activeE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Renal insufficiency often results from dialysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The presence of antidiuretic hormone causes aquaporins to be formed in the collecting duct cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In response to low blood plasma Na+,reduced ADH will decrease water volume in the blood to match lower Na+ concentration while increased aldosterone will increase Na+ reabsorption to match the higher water volume of blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Tubular ultrafiltrate enters the collecting duct from the

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulus.
B)  loop of Henle.
C)  distal convoluted tubule.
D)  proximal convoluted tubule.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

The collecting duct is naturally impermeable to salt but permeable to water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Loop diuretics such as Lasix

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibit the actions of ADH.
B)  add extra solutes to the filtrate.
C)  inhibit active transport of salt out of the ascending loop of Henle limb.
D)  inhibit salt transport in the first section of the distal tubule.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

The average glomerular filtration rate is equal to

Accepted Answer

A)  180 L/day.
B)  5.5 L/min.
C)  100 mmHg/hour.
D)  8 mg/hour.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Which test can be used to detect renal damage from diabetes or hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A)  urea clearance
B)  PAH clearance
C)  inulin clearance
D)  urinary albumin excretion rateE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Neurohypophyseal secretion of __________ stimulates formation of concentrated urine.

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone
B)  renin
C)  antidiuretic hormone
D)  angiotensin IE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Shock-wave lithotripsy is used to treat

Accepted Answer

A)  polycystic kidney disease.
B)  glomerulonephritis.
C)  acute renal failure.
D)  renal calculi.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

The concentration of glucose in the glomerular ultrafiltrate is less than that of plasma.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs approximately 65% of water and ions salt entering it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The renal plasma clearance of a substance that is filtered and secreted is ____ the GFR.

Accepted Answer

A)  greater than
B)  less than
C)  equal toD) None of the above
E) A) and C)

Question 16

The presence of renin secreting tumors may cause

Accepted Answer

A)  hypertension.
B)  increased aldosterone secretion.
C)  increased renal sodium reabsorption.
D)  All of the choices are correct.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

The __________ limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water.

Accepted Answer

A)  ascending
B)  descending
C)  both limbs
D)  neitherE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 18

_________ is a nonsalt molecule that contributes to the hypertonicity of the interstitial fluid of the renal tubules.

Accepted Answer

A)  Urea
B)  Protein
C)  Creatinine
D)  Xenobiotic moleculeE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Changes in blood volume are detected by

Accepted Answer

A)  osmoreceptors in hypothalamus.
B)  stretch receptors in the atria.
C)  cells in the proximal convoluted tubule.
D)  osmoreceptors in the medulla.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

The minimum plasma concentration of a substance that results in the excretion of that substance in the urine is the

Accepted Answer

A)  transport maximum.
B)  GFR.
C)  renal plasma clearance.
D)  renal plasma thresholD.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 17: Physiology of the Kidneys

_________ is a nonsalt molecule that contributes to the hypertonicity of the interstitial fluid of the renal tubules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tubular ultrafiltrate enters the collecting duct from the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The renal plasma clearance of a substance that is filtered and secreted is ____ the GFR.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The presence of renin secreting tumors may cause

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Changes in blood volume are detected by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Na+ reabsorption is a(n) __________ process,while Cl- reabsoprtion is a(n) __________ process.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In response to low blood plasma Na+,reduced ADH will decrease water volume in the blood to match lower Na+ concentration while increased aldosterone will increase Na+ reabsorption to match the higher water volume of blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The presence of antidiuretic hormone causes aquaporins to be formed in the collecting duct cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The average glomerular filtration rate is equal to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urea is transported out of the descending limb of the loop of Henle to add to the high osmolarity of the medulla.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The collecting duct is naturally impermeable to salt but permeable to water.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Shock-wave lithotripsy is used to treat

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs approximately 65% of water and ions salt entering it.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neurohypophyseal secretion of __________ stimulates formation of concentrated urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The minimum plasma concentration of a substance that results in the excretion of that substance in the urine is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Renal insufficiency often results from dialysis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The __________ limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Loop diuretics such as Lasix

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which test can be used to detect renal damage from diabetes or hypertension?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concentration of glucose in the glomerular ultrafiltrate is less than that of plasma.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Na⁺ reabsorption is a(n) process,while Cl^- reabsoprtion is a(n) process.

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In response to low blood plasma Na⁺,reduced ADH will decrease water volume in the blood to match lower Na⁺ concentration while increased aldosterone will increase Na⁺ reabsorption to match the higher water volume of blood.

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