Question 1

Which therapeutic index value would be the drug of choice?

Accepted Answer

A)  20
B)  10
C)  1
D)  0.1
E)  Any value would be equally effective.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 2

Antiviral drugs that target reverse transcriptase would be used to treat

Accepted Answer

A)  influenza A virus.
B)  HIV.
C)  herpes zoster virus.
D)  respiratory syncytial virus.
E)  hepatitis C virus.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

Mebendazole is a drug used to treat _____ infections.

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial
B)  fungal
C)  protozoan
D)  helminthic
E)  viralF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

Antimicrobials that are macrolides

Accepted Answer

A)  disrupt cell membrane function.
B)  include tetracyclines.
C)  include azithromycin,clarithromycin and erythromycin.
D)  are very-narrow-spectrum drugs.
E)  are hepatotoxic.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

What cell wall inhibiting drug is used in cases of penicillin and methicillin resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)  penicillin G
B)  vancomycin
C)  tetracycline
D)  erythromycin
E)  isoniazidF) A) and E)
G) D) and E) B

Question 6

An antimicrobial with a low therapeutic index is a safer choice compared to a drug with a high therapeutic index.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Microbial resistance resulting from mutation occurs because

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial genomes undergo mutation rapidly.
B)  bacterial genomes undergo mutation often.
C)  short generation times accumulate mutations in populations.
D)  mutations are passed between organisms.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

Which antimicrobial does not interfere with protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  aminoglycosides
B)  tetracyclines
C)  erythromycin
D)  trimethroprim
E)  gentamicinF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

Drug toxicity occurs when an antimicrobial drug acts as antigen and stimulates an allergic response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes in the intestines are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  prebiotics.
B)  probiotics.
C)  lantibiotics.
D)  phytobiotics.
E)  riboswitches.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 11

A clinical microbiologist makes serial dilutions of several antimicrobials in broth,and then incubates each drug dilution series with a standard amount of a patient's isolated pathogen.What is this microbiologist setting up?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kirby-Bauer
B)  antibiogram
C)  E-test
D)  MIC
E)  therapeutic index (TI) F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 12

The Kirby-Bauer test uses an agar surface,seeded with the test bacterium,to which small discs containing a specific concentration of several drugs are placed on the surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 13

The use of vaginal inserts of Lactobacillus to restore healthy vaginal biota is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  prebiotics.
B)  probiotics.
C)  lantibiotics.
D)  phytobiotics.
E)  riboswitches.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Which of the following is not a mode of action of antiviral drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)  block penetration
B)  block transcription and translation
C)  inhibit DNA synthesis
D)  block maturation
E)  bond to ergosterol in the cell membraneF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Important characteristics of antimicrobial drugs include

Accepted Answer

A)  low toxicity for human tissues.
B)  high toxicity against microbial cells.
C)  do not cause serious side effects in humans.
D)  stable and soluble in body tissues and fluids.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C) E

Question 16

Substances that are naturally produced by certain microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms are called

Accepted Answer

A)  antibiotics.
B)  narrow-spectrum drugs.
C)  semisynthetic drugs.
D)  synthetic drugs.
E)  broad-spectrum drugs.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

Selective toxicity refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  damage to pathogenic organisms.
B)  damage to prokaryotic cell membranes.
C)  damage to the target organisms but not host cells.
D)  damage to nucleic acids.
E)  None of the choices is correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Which newer synthetic drug is used to treat MRSA and VRE infections?

Accepted Answer

A)  synercid
B)  clindamycin
C)  linezolid
D)  azithromycin
E)  clarithromycinF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

Penicillins and cephalosporins

Accepted Answer

A)  block folic acid synthesis.
B)  attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis.
C)  damage cell membranes.
D)  block peptidases that cross-link glycan molecules.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the question that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format.
  A 76-year-old male visits his primary care physician with complaints of burning with urination and a frequent urge to void. As the RN, you aid the patient in collecting a urine specimen to be sent for analysis. While awaiting the final results of drug susceptibility testing in the lab, the patient is prescribed oral sulfasoxazole.
-In the lab,the urine specimen is spread on an agar plate with antibiotic discs placed to determine antimicrobial susceptibility.Following incubation,the clear area around each disc is measured.What term describes the observed area of antimicrobial action around each disc?

Accepted Answer

A)  zone of inhibition
B)  zone of susceptibility
C)  zone of resistance
D)  antibiogramE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Exam 10: Antimicrobial Treatment

Which therapeutic index value would be the drug of choice?

Correct Answer
verified

Antiviral drugs that target reverse transcriptase would be used to treat

Correct Answer
verified

Mebendazole is a drug used to treat _____ infections.

Correct Answer
verified

Antimicrobials that are macrolides

Correct Answer
verified

What cell wall inhibiting drug is used in cases of penicillin and methicillin resistance?

Correct Answer
verified
B

An antimicrobial with a low therapeutic index is a safer choice compared to a drug with a high therapeutic index.

Correct Answer
verified

Microbial resistance resulting from mutation occurs because

Correct Answer
verified

Which antimicrobial does not interfere with protein synthesis?

Correct Answer
verified

Drug toxicity occurs when an antimicrobial drug acts as antigen and stimulates an allergic response.

Correct Answer
verified

Nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes in the intestines are known as

Correct Answer
verified

A clinical microbiologist makes serial dilutions of several antimicrobials in broth,and then incubates each drug dilution series with a standard amount of a patient's isolated pathogen.What is this microbiologist setting up?

Correct Answer
verified

The Kirby-Bauer test uses an agar surface,seeded with the test bacterium,to which small discs containing a specific concentration of several drugs are placed on the surface.

Correct Answer
verified
True

The use of vaginal inserts of Lactobacillus to restore healthy vaginal biota is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a mode of action of antiviral drugs?

Correct Answer
verified

Important characteristics of antimicrobial drugs include

Correct Answer
verified
E

Substances that are naturally produced by certain microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms are called

Correct Answer
verified

Selective toxicity refers to

Correct Answer
verified

Which newer synthetic drug is used to treat MRSA and VRE infections?

Correct Answer
verified

Penicillins and cephalosporins

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 10: Antimicrobial Treatment

Which therapeutic index value would be the drug of choice?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antiviral drugs that target reverse transcriptase would be used to treat

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mebendazole is a drug used to treat _____ infections.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antimicrobials that are macrolides

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What cell wall inhibiting drug is used in cases of penicillin and methicillin resistance?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

An antimicrobial with a low therapeutic index is a safer choice compared to a drug with a high therapeutic index.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microbial resistance resulting from mutation occurs because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which antimicrobial does not interfere with protein synthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drug toxicity occurs when an antimicrobial drug acts as antigen and stimulates an allergic response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes in the intestines are known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A clinical microbiologist makes serial dilutions of several antimicrobials in broth,and then incubates each drug dilution series with a standard amount of a patient's isolated pathogen.What is this microbiologist setting up?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Kirby-Bauer test uses an agar surface,seeded with the test bacterium,to which small discs containing a specific concentration of several drugs are placed on the surface.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

The use of vaginal inserts of Lactobacillus to restore healthy vaginal biota is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a mode of action of antiviral drugs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Important characteristics of antimicrobial drugs include

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Substances that are naturally produced by certain microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selective toxicity refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which newer synthetic drug is used to treat MRSA and VRE infections?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Penicillins and cephalosporins

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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B

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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True

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Correct Answer
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E

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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