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Exam 39: Endocrine Systems

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Question 21

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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone regulates

A) follicle-stimulating hormone.
B) luteinizing hormone.
C) steroid production by the gonads.
D) both follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones.
E) both follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones as well as steroid production by the gonads.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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Question 22

True/False

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Arginine vasotocin is present in non-mammalian vertebrates and shares structural and functional properties with mammalian antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin.Through these similarities it has been suggested that arginine vasotocin could be the ancestral precursor to the posterior pituitary hormone in vertebrates.

A) True
B) False

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Question 23

Multiple Choice

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Insulin-like growth factor I is produced in response to

Vitamin D is a hormone produced in part by exposure to sunlight.

Your physician has requested a test that involves radioactive iodine.This material will be injected and monitored to watch for normal rates of uptake.Test results reveal that the rate of uptake is abnormal.Which hormone would you predict to be outside of a homeostatic range?

An explanation for why an individual that is incapable of generating the fight or flight response would be abnormal function of this gland.

Predict what would occur if the amount of sodium suddenly increases in the blood.

Often it is important for health reasons to induce labor (i.e. ,smooth muscle contractions) in pregnant women.The drugs used for this purpose would most closely resemble

Parathyroid hormone's main function is to

What can be said about peptide hormones?

Sex differences in body growth are mediated by changes in growth hormone,insulin-like growth factor I and

This hormone is secreted from the posterior pituitary and regulates muscle contraction.

An amine hormone important in the fight-or-flight response in vertebrates is

Estradiol is a potent stimulator of vitellogenesis (yolk production) in egg-laying vertebrates.Increasing evidence suggests that many pollutants,for instance those derived from pulp mills,may mimic the actions of estradiol.If one were to place a sexually immature fish in water containing pulp mill effluents,what might you expect would occur?

Juvenile hormone is a critical growth regulatory and maturity hormone in people.

A person who has an increased amount of lipid stored in their adipose tissue should have leptin levels that

After you eat lunch,as the nutrients in your food are released in the digestive process eventually make their way into the blood.The rising nutrient levels quickly level the normal homeostatic range.Normally,a hormone would be released at this time to regulate these nutrients.Imagine that in your case,that return to homeostatic levels does not occur.What hormone would you need to receive to return to return to normal blood levels?

Dopamine derived from the hypothalamus is the prominent hormone controlling pituitary prolactin secretion.Dopamine inhibits prolactin secretion.What do you predict would happen if the pituitary were removed from the base of the brain and transplanted to some distant place in the body (for instance on top of the kidney) ,such that dopamine could no longer regulate prolactin secretion? You can assume that the transplanted pituitary will be exposed to a ready supply of blood vessels.

Often one is not acclimated to the cold after having moved from a warm to cooler climate.Similarly,individuals may have difficulty adjusting to the heat after having moved from a cold to warm region.This difficulty in acclimating to different temperatures most likely requires adjustments in thyroid gland activity.