Question 1

The third line of defense against foreign invaders can be described as having _______ and ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   surveillance; complexity
B)   specificity; memory
C)   complexity, versatility
D)   diversity; barriersE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

An example of artificial passive immunity would be

Accepted Answer

A)   chickenpox infection, followed by lifelong immunity.
B)   chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox.
C)   giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease.
D)   a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Which process involves a more rapid synthesis and greatly increased titer of antibody when the immune system is subsequently exposed to the same antigen?

Accepted Answer

A)   Opsonization
B)   Anamnestic response
C)   Neutralization
D)   Complement fixation
E)   AgglutinationF) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 4

B cell receptors differ from T cell receptors in that

Accepted Answer

A)   B cell receptors are comprised of four polypeptides, whereas T cell receptors have only two polypeptides in their quaternary structure.
B)   B cell receptors have two antigen binding sites, whereas T cell receptors have only one antigen binding site.
C)   B cell receptors are immunoglobulin in nature, whereas T cell receptors are not immunoglobulin molecules.
D)   B cell receptor immunoglobulins can be secreted as antibodies, whereas T cell receptors are never secreted.
E)   All of the choices represent differences between B cell and T cell receptors.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following statements does not represent the role of a cell marker in the third line of defense?

Accepted Answer

A)   They serve as transcription factors to initiate antibody production.
B)   They serve as recognition factors for self and nonself molecules.
C)   They are attachment sites for foreign molecules.
D)   They receive and transmit signals to coordinate the immune response.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

In order for B cells to produce antibodies and cytotoxic T cells to attack infected host cells,they must first

Accepted Answer

A)   recognize self markers, develop specificity for the markers, and then produce clones.
B)   be activated by interleukins, encounter an antigen, and then develop specificity toward it.
C)   encounter an antigen, develop specificity for that antigen, and then remember the antigen.
D)   undergo maturation, encounter their specific antigen target, and then become activated through cytokines.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 7

The immunoglobulin class that has an Fc region that binds to receptors on basophils and mast cells is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   IgA
B)   IgG
C)   IgM
D)   IgD
E)   IgEF) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 8

An activated TH cell produces _____,which is a growth factor for T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   interleukin-1
B)   interleukin-2
C)   interleukin-12
D)   antiserum
E)   complementF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

Antibody molecules circulate in lymph,blood,and tissue fluids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Each _____ fragment of an antibody molecule contains the variable regions of a heavy and light chain that folds into a groove for one epitope.

Accepted Answer

A)   variable
B)   Fc
C)   hinge
D)   FAb
E)   terminalF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following is not a target for TC cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pig transplanted heart
B)   Human transplanted liver
C)   Virus-infected cells
D)   Cancer cells
E)   BacteriaF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 12

The immunoglobulin/s found on the surface of B cells is/are

Accepted Answer

A)   IgM only.
B)   IgG only.
C)   IgD only.
D)   IgM and IgD.
E)   IgD and IgE.F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 13

All nucleated cells contain

Accepted Answer

A)   class II MHC.
B)   class I MHC.
C)   secretory antibodies.
D)   IgD receptors.
E)   IgE receptors.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 14

Antitoxins

Accepted Answer

A)   are always genetically engineered.
B)   confer passive immunity.
C)   contain select antigenic components of a pathogen rather than whole cells or viruses.
D)   utilize DNA strands that will produce the antigen.
E)   contain modified bacterial exotoxin molecules.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

All of the following statements reflect the qualities of a safe and effective vaccine,except

Accepted Answer

A)   the injected material should be antigenic, but not pathogenic.
B)   it should have a long shelf-life, be cheap to produce, and easy to administer.
C)   efficacy must be maintained by booster shots every 5 years.
D)   it should confer both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Lymphocyte maturation involves

Accepted Answer

A)   hormonal signals that initiate development.
B)   B cells maturing in bone marrow sites.
C)   T cells maturing in the thymus.
D)   release of mature lymphocytes to begin migration to various lymphoid organs.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

The secondary response to an antigen is more rapid and robust than the primary response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What process generates many B cells and T cells that are activated against specific antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)   Antigen expression
B)   Antigen presentation
C)   Clonal expansion
D)   Antibody production
E)   OpsonizationF) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 19

High titers of specific antibodies are characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A)   specific immune globulin (SIG) .
B)   gamma globulin.
C)   toxoids.
D)   immune serum globulin (ISG) .
E)   attenuated vaccines.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

An example of natural passive immunity would be

Accepted Answer

A)   giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease.
B)   chickenpox infection, followed by lifelong immunity.
C)   chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox.
D)   a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 15: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

The secondary response to an antigen is more rapid and robust than the primary response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each _____ fragment of an antibody molecule contains the variable regions of a heavy and light chain that folds into a groove for one epitope.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

B cell receptors differ from T cell receptors in that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The third line of defense against foreign invaders can be described as having _______ and ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a target for TC cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The immunoglobulin/s found on the surface of B cells is/are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves a more rapid synthesis and greatly increased titer of antibody when the immune system is subsequently exposed to the same antigen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of natural passive immunity would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order for B cells to produce antibodies and cytotoxic T cells to attack infected host cells,they must first

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antitoxins

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following statements reflect the qualities of a safe and effective vaccine,except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antibody molecules circulate in lymph,blood,and tissue fluids.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

High titers of specific antibodies are characteristic of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An activated TH cell produces _____,which is a growth factor for T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of artificial passive immunity would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The immunoglobulin class that has an Fc region that binds to receptors on basophils and mast cells is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All nucleated cells contain

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What process generates many B cells and T cells that are activated against specific antigens?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements does not represent the role of a cell marker in the third line of defense?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lymphocyte maturation involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The third line of defense against foreign invaders can be described as having _ and __.

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Which of the following is not a target for T_C cells?

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An activated T_H cell produces _____,which is a growth factor for T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells.

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