Question 1

Which is not a cardinal sign or symptom of inflammation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humor
B)  Rubor
C)  Calor
D)  Dolor
E)  TumorF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

The shorter urethra in females is one reason why urinary tract infections are more common in females than in males.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Tears protect the eyes by

Accepted Answer

A)  flushing and lysozyme.
B)  inflammation.
C)  vasodilation.
D)  stimulating opsonization.
E)  flushing and lysozyme and vasodilation.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E) A

Question 4

_____________ is a process by which microorganisms or other particles are coated by serum components,preparing them for recognition and ingestion by phagocytic cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____________ is a process by which microorganisms...

Question 5

Blood cell development occurs in the bone marrow of mammals during the process of _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hemolysis
B)  hematopoesis
C)  hemostasis
D)  homeostasisE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 6

Dendritic cells are similar to cytokine-producing cells in that both bridge innate and adaptive immunity in the host.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Cytokines

Accepted Answer

A)  cause lysis of invading microorganisms.
B)  play key roles in both specific and nonspecific immunity.
C)  are required for regulation of the immune response.
D)  play key roles in both specific and non-specific immunity and are required for regulation of the immune response.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

During the acute inflammatory response,____________ binds to receptors on the capillary wall to open junctions between the cells that allow fluid and leukocytes to enter the tissue.

Accepted Answer

bradykinin

Question 9

It is correct to say that cytokines serve to bridge the innate and adaptive immune responses.This is because the synthesis of cytokines can be induced by microbial and nonmicrobial stimuli,while the action of cytokines can stimulate cells that participate in active immune responses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following mediators would not be categorized as a cytokine?

Accepted Answer

A)  A protein that regulates innate resistance mechanisms
B)  A protein that regulates adaptive immunity
C)  A protein that stimulates hematopoiesis
D)  A protein that is released by a bacterial cell following phagocytosisE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Natural killer cells specifically kill which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tumor cells and cells infected by microorganisms
B)  Gram-positive bacteria
C)  Fungi and protozoa
D)  Foreign transplanted tissueE) A) and B)
F) None of the above A

Question 12

Which of the following characteristics differentiates mast cells from neutrophils and monocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mast cells do not act as phagocytes.
B)  Mast cells are derived from bone marrow.
C)  Mast cells participate in the inflammatory response.
D)  Mast cells originate as stem cells.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

The innate response resists a particular foreign agent; moreover,innate immune responses improve on repeated exposure to the agent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

____________ are a group of cytokines produced by some eukaryotic cells in response to a viral infection.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________ are a group of cytokines produced...

Question 15

Which is a primary reason that females are at greater risk of a urinary tract infection than are males?

Accepted Answer

A)  The urethra is shorter in women,therefore bacteria are closer in proximity to the bladder.
B)  The urethra is longer in women,therefore more bacteria can colonize the pathway to the bladder.
C)  The pH of women is lower due to a greater abundance of lactobacilli which can overcolonize the urethra and migrate to the bladder.
D)  Hormonal shifts in women can lead to overgrowth of genitourinary bacteria that eventually colonize the bladder.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following pathways for complement activation is generally dependent upon the formation of antigen-antibody complexes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Classical pathway
B)  Alternative pathway
C)  Lectin complement pathway
D)  All of the choices are correct.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

A mast cell is similar to a basophil in that both

Accepted Answer

A)  are types of white blood cells.
B)  are agranulocytic.
C)  are vasoactive mediators.
D)  act as primary phagocytes.
E)  None of the choices are correct.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

The alternate complement pathway plays an important role in

Accepted Answer

A)  innate immunity.
B)  aquired immunity.
C)  specific immunity.
D)  both innate immunity and specific immunity.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Which of the following characteristics distinguished T cells from B cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  B cells produce immunoglobulin while T cells do not.
B)  B cells originate in the bone marrow while T cells do not.
C)  B cells are lymphocytes while T cells are not.
D)  B cells form memory cells while T cells do not.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Acute phase mediators such as C-reactive protein and antiviral proteins such as interferon can be described as similar because both

Accepted Answer

A)  prepare host cells for pathogen invasion.
B)  depend on activation of complement.
C)  are acquired immune defenses.
D)  All of the choices are correct.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 33: Innate Host Resistance

Which is not a cardinal sign or symptom of inflammation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The shorter urethra in females is one reason why urinary tract infections are more common in females than in males.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tears protect the eyes by

Correct AnswerverifiedA

_____________ is a process by which microorganisms or other particles are coated by serum components,preparing them for recognition and ingestion by phagocytic cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood cell development occurs in the bone marrow of mammals during the process of _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dendritic cells are similar to cytokine-producing cells in that both bridge innate and adaptive immunity in the host.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cytokines

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the acute inflammatory response,____________ binds to receptors on the capillary wall to open junctions between the cells that allow fluid and leukocytes to enter the tissue.

Correct Answerverifiedbradykinin

It is correct to say that cytokines serve to bridge the innate and adaptive immune responses.This is because the synthesis of cytokines can be induced by microbial and nonmicrobial stimuli,while the action of cytokines can stimulate cells that participate in active immune responses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following mediators would not be categorized as a cytokine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Natural killer cells specifically kill which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following characteristics differentiates mast cells from neutrophils and monocytes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The innate response resists a particular foreign agent; moreover,innate immune responses improve on repeated exposure to the agent.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____________ are a group of cytokines produced by some eukaryotic cells in response to a viral infection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is a primary reason that females are at greater risk of a urinary tract infection than are males?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following pathways for complement activation is generally dependent upon the formation of antigen-antibody complexes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mast cell is similar to a basophil in that both

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The alternate complement pathway plays an important role in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following characteristics distinguished T cells from B cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Acute phase mediators such as C-reactive protein and antiviral proteins such as interferon can be described as similar because both

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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