Question 1

A slime layer gives bacterial cells greater pathogenicity than a capsule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  slime layers
B)  capsules
C)  cell walls
D)  cell membranes
E)  inclusionsF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

Archaea do not have the typical peptidoglycan structure found in bacterial cell walls.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Chemotaxis refers to the ability of a cell to

Accepted Answer

A)  move in response to light.
B)  move in response to a chemical.
C)  transport desired molecules into a cell.
D)  halt movement in response to a chemical.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Two functions of bacterial appendages are ______ and ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment; motility
B)  motility; energy production
C)  antibiotic resistance; motility
D)  attachment; energy productionE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Bacterial cells could have any of the following appendages except ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  cilia
B)  fimbriae
C)  periplasmic flagella (axial filaments) 
D)  flagella
E)  piliF) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 7

The chemical bonds in peptidoglycan can be hydrolyed by the enzyme _____, found in tears and saliva.

Accepted Answer

A)  lysozyme
B)  penicillinase
C)  peptidase
D)  kinaseE) All of the above
F) B) and D) A

Question 8

Which of the following statements regarding chemotaxis is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  In a cell with peritrichous flagella, each flagellum moves individually but in a coordinated direction during a run.
B)  In a tumble, the flagellum reverses direction, causing the cell to stop moving and change course.
C)  When a cell detects a nutrient gradient, it will increase the frequency of runs to move toward the nutrient.
D)  The fuel for flagellar motion is not ATP, but a proton gradient.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C) A

Question 9

Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Endotoxin can cause septic shock in the human body.
B)  Endotoxin is found in acid-fast bacterial cell walls.
C)  Endotoxin can stimulate fever in the human body.
D)  Endotoxin is a bacterial cell wall lipid.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 10

A clinical laboratory that identifies the bacterial agents that cause human disease would refer to Bergey's Manual of ______ Bacteriology for guidance in identification.

Accepted Answer

A)  Systematic
B)  Determinative
C)  Classical
D)  EvolutionaryE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Which external structure protects bacteria from phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cell membrane
B)  Capsule
C)  Fimbriae
D)  Slime layerE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Archaea have been found in many microenvironments in the human body.Which of the following microenvironments is most likely to fit with the designation of Archaea as "extremophiles?"

Accepted Answer

A)  The inner ear can withstand increased pressure.
B)  The surface of the tongue has salt receptors.
C)  The gingiva and the gut are anaerobic.
D)  The temperature of the testes is less than 37°C.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Endospores of certain bacterial species can enter tissues in the human body, germinate, and cause an infectious disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

You need to determine if a pure culture of bacteria is gram-positive or gram-negative, but you've just spilled your only solution of crystal violet so you can't do a Gram stain.You decide to try a lysozyme treatment on a sample of each culture and then examine the samples under the microscope.The expected result is

Accepted Answer

A)  gram-positives will lyse and appears as debris; gram-negatives will lyse but more slowly.
B)  gram-positives will lyse and appears as debris; gram-negatives will be unaffected.
C)  gram-positives will lyse and appears as debris; gram-negatives will lose cellular morphology and appear as cocci.
D)  gram-negatives will lyse and appears as debris; gram-positives will lose cellular morphology and appear as cocci.
E)  gram-negatives will lyse and appears as debris; gram-positives will be unaffected.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

The process of sporangium formation and endospore maturation requires 6-8 hours.What is most likely to result if the temperature of the environment was raised to 100°C about 2 hours after the process started?

Accepted Answer

A)  The chromosome in the endospore would likely carry mutations.
B)  The endospore would form more slowly and be heat resistant.
C)  The endospore would form properly but would be unable to germinate.
D)  The organism would be termed a hyperthermophile.
E)  The endospore would not form properly because it is not yet heat resistant.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

The outcome of the Gram stain is based on differences in the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  cell membrane
B)  flagella
C)  cell wall
D)  ribosomesE) A) and C)
F) A) and B) C

Question 17

Boiling water (100°C) can normally destroy endospores.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which is the correct order for the application of reagents in the Gram stain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crystal violet, iodine, alcohol/acetone, safranin
B)  Iodine, safranin, crystal violet, alcohol/acetone
C)  Crystal violet, alcohol/acetone, iodine, safranin
D)  Crystal violet, safranin, iodine, alcohol/acetone
E)  Safranin, crystal violet, alcohol/acetone, iodineF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 19

The bacterial cell membrane is a site for many enzymes and metabolic reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A new drug is found to act by blocking the incorporation of subunits into sterol molecules for the cell membrane.Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only archaeal cells would be affected by this drug.
B)  Only biofilms would be affected by this drug.
C)  Most bacteria would be unaffected by this drug.
D)  A drug with this mechanism would be an excellent antibiotic.
E)  This kind of drug would destroy viruses only.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Exam 4: Bacteria and Archaea

A slime layer gives bacterial cells greater pathogenicity than a capsule.

Correct Answer
verified

Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Archaea do not have the typical peptidoglycan structure found in bacterial cell walls.

Correct Answer
verified

Chemotaxis refers to the ability of a cell to

Correct Answer
verified

Two functions of bacterial appendages are and .

Correct Answer
verified

Bacterial cells could have any of the following appendages except ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The chemical bonds in peptidoglycan can be hydrolyed by the enzyme _____, found in tears and saliva.

Correct Answer
verified
A

Which of the following statements regarding chemotaxis is incorrect?

Correct Answer
verified
A

Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxin?

Correct Answer
verified

A clinical laboratory that identifies the bacterial agents that cause human disease would refer to Bergey's Manual of ______ Bacteriology for guidance in identification.

Correct Answer
verified

Which external structure protects bacteria from phagocytosis?

Correct Answer
verified

Archaea have been found in many microenvironments in the human body.Which of the following microenvironments is most likely to fit with the designation of Archaea as "extremophiles?"

Correct Answer
verified

Endospores of certain bacterial species can enter tissues in the human body, germinate, and cause an infectious disease.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The process of sporangium formation and endospore maturation requires 6-8 hours.What is most likely to result if the temperature of the environment was raised to 100°C about 2 hours after the process started?

Correct Answer
verified

The outcome of the Gram stain is based on differences in the ______.

Correct Answer
verified
C

Boiling water (100°C) can normally destroy endospores.

Correct Answer
verified

Which is the correct order for the application of reagents in the Gram stain?

Correct Answer
verified

The bacterial cell membrane is a site for many enzymes and metabolic reactions.

Correct Answer
verified

A new drug is found to act by blocking the incorporation of subunits into sterol molecules for the cell membrane.Which statement is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Bacteria and Archaea

A slime layer gives bacterial cells greater pathogenicity than a capsule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Archaea do not have the typical peptidoglycan structure found in bacterial cell walls.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemotaxis refers to the ability of a cell to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two functions of bacterial appendages are ______ and ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacterial cells could have any of the following appendages except ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemical bonds in peptidoglycan can be hydrolyed by the enzyme _____, found in tears and saliva.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following statements regarding chemotaxis is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A clinical laboratory that identifies the bacterial agents that cause human disease would refer to Bergey's Manual of ______ Bacteriology for guidance in identification.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which external structure protects bacteria from phagocytosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Archaea have been found in many microenvironments in the human body.Which of the following microenvironments is most likely to fit with the designation of Archaea as "extremophiles?"

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endospores of certain bacterial species can enter tissues in the human body, germinate, and cause an infectious disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of sporangium formation and endospore maturation requires 6-8 hours.What is most likely to result if the temperature of the environment was raised to 100°C about 2 hours after the process started?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The outcome of the Gram stain is based on differences in the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Boiling water (100°C) can normally destroy endospores.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is the correct order for the application of reagents in the Gram stain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bacterial cell membrane is a site for many enzymes and metabolic reactions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A new drug is found to act by blocking the incorporation of subunits into sterol molecules for the cell membrane.Which statement is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Two functions of bacterial appendages are and .

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A

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A

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C

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