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The Panama Jack Company utilizes a special strategy to sell its ECO-shirt line. Its basic promotional tool is the discount. These discounts offered to middlemen for performing certain channel activities are referred to as ____ discounts.


A) trade
B) cumulative
C) noncumulative
D) push
E) intermediary

F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Penetration pricing is one new-product pricing approach that provides the most flexible introductory price.

A) True
B) False

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Saffie is a marketing consultant who specializes in small businesses. Her current client is very interested in estimating the costs for the coming year in order to find the breakeven point. Saffie knows this is an important financial statistic because below the breakeven point, the firm is operating


A) with fixed costs only.
B) with minimal variable costs.
C) with no revenue.
D) with minimal profit.
E) at a loss.

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

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The firm should produce the quantity at which marginal revenue and marginal cost are equal.

A) True
B) False

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A pricing strategy is a course of action designed to achieve pricing and marketing objectives.

A) True
B) False

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Dividing the percentage change in quantity demanded by the percentage change in price gives the


A) prestige demand curve.
B) breakeven point.
C) marginal cost curve.
D) price sensitivity curve.
E) price elasticity of demand.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Chris is excited because he has obtained the price list of his company's major competitor. His supervisor, Homer, is also optimistic. However, he has much more experience in the industry than Chris and cautions him that just because they have access to their competitor's price list


A) doesn't mean the list has not been completely fabricated.
B) doesn't mean their firm will be able to match their competitor's prices.
C) doesn't mean that knowing competitor prices is important.
D) doesn't entail actually using the price list when establishing prices.
E) doesn't mean they reflect the actual prices at which competitive products are sold.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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The federal government often uses ____ pricing when it grants defense contracts.


A) markup
B) differential
C) breakeven
D) cost-plus
E) competition-based

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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A market share objective


A) is not recommended when sales for the total industry are declining.
B) is not especially useful when sales for the total industry are increasing.
C) is not especially useful when sales for the total industry are flat.
D) is useful primarily in an industry where total sales are increasing.
E) can be used effectively whether total industry sales are rising or falling.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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If a business decides to reduce its prices once in a while on an unsystematic basis, it is using


A) price reduction planning.
B) random discounting.
C) bundle pricing.
D) periodic discounting.
E) penetration pricing.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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If Nabisco wants to quickly gain a large market share with its new line of reduced-fat snack crackers, it should use


A) penetration pricing.
B) random discounting.
C) captive pricing.
D) price skimming.
E) everyday low prices.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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After selecting a pricing strategy, what is the next step in the establishment of prices?


A) Developing pricing objectives
B) Determining a specific price
C) Assessing the target market's evaluation of price
D) Selecting a basis for pricing
E) Evaluating competitors' prices

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Suppose that the frozen foods division of Amy's purchases food trays and boxes from the packaging division. The form of pricing used to charge the frozen foods division is called


A) geographic pricing.
B) base-point pricing.
C) business-unit pricing.
D) transfer pricing.
E) price discrimination.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Some stores employ comparison shoppers to learn what prices their competitors are charging.

A) True
B) False

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Grocery stores use negotiated pricing strategies.

A) True
B) False

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Under Armour is establishing a ______ pricing objective to maintain or increase its product's sales in relation to total industry sales.


A) return on investment
B) survival
C) product quality
D) market share
E) status quo

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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The government frequently uses competition-based pricing in granting defense contracts.

A) True
B) False

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Some grocery stores collect data on competitive prices


A) by calling their competitors.
B) on a quarterly basis.
C) through stores' purchase data.
D) from their resellers.
E) by using comparison shoppers.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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Which of the following statements about price elasticity is false?


A) Steak is an example of a product that has an elastic demand for most people, because when price goes up quantity demanded goes down proportionally.
B) Elasticity of demand is the relative responsiveness of a change in quantity demanded to changes in price.
C) If marketers can determine price elasticity, then setting prices at optimum levels is much easier.
D) When price is raised on a product that has an inelastic demand, then total revenue will decrease.
E) A product like electricity has an inelastic demand.

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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The way marketers use pricing in the marketing mix will affect the final price.

A) True
B) False

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