Question 1

Sociality among primates is likely the result of which of the following selective pressures?

Accepted Answer

A)  predation
B)  niche competition
C)  adaptive radiation
D)  habitatE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Distribution, in reference to food, means the:

Accepted Answer

A)  location of food across the landscape.
B)  distribution of primates in a primate group as they forage for food.
C)  distribution of food among primates in a group.
D)  adjustment in size of a feeding group.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Availability of food:

Accepted Answer

A)  is dependent upon kin selection.
B)  can be highly variable, depending on season and rainfall.
C)  is determined primarily by the alpha male.
D)  is restricted to individuals high up in the dominance hierarchy.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Why are primates social?

Accepted Answer

Generally primates that cooperate in soc...

Question 5

Primate societies are complexly organized.This means:

Accepted Answer

A)  several species of primates coexist socially.
B)  within any primate group, individuals representing different kinships, ranks, ages, and sexes often form alliances.
C)  some primate societies are male only.
D)  some primate societies are female only.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Compare and contrast male and female primates in terms of reproductive strategies and competition.

Accepted Answer

Males compete physically for access to f...

Question 7

Describe some examples of learned behavior and cultural traditions among primates.

Accepted Answer

Chimpanzee tool use, some forms of socia...

Question 8

How do primates acquire food?

Accepted Answer

A)  through cooperation among kin groups, mostly by hunting
B)  through a wide variety of food-foraging strategies
C)  through a limited set of highly specialized foraging strategies
D)  through the use of highly developed material cultureE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 9

The higher the social rank of a female primate the:

Accepted Answer

A)  lower her access to resources and the lower the survival rate of her offspring.
B)  lower her access to resources and the greater the survival rate of her offspring.
C)  greater her access to resources, which results in lower birth rates.
D)  greater her access to resources, which results in higher birth rates.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Kin selection refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  nonaltruistic behavior toward other members of the kin group.
B)  altruistic behavior that increases the donor's inclusive fitness.
C)  altruistic behavior that promotes kin-like bonding among nonkin.
D)  behavior that increases only the donor's fitness.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Primatologists:

Accepted Answer

A)  explore the relationships between specific social behaviors and reproductive fitness.
B)  study only physical aspect of primates.
C)  study cultural anthropology.
D)  know nothing of primate bones.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Many primate societies are complexly organized, enabling their members to form alliances, including by:

Accepted Answer

A)  rank.
B)  age.
C)  kinship.
D)  all of the aboveE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

What is special about primate societies and social behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are not diverse.
B)  They welcome newcomers as humans do.
C)  They are highly diverse.
D)  They share and cooperate as humans do not.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Vocalizations enable primates to:

Accepted Answer

A)  communicate as humans do.
B)  solve distressing situations among primate groups.
C)  name resources and monitor the social group.
D)  communicate, but only between members of the same hierarchy.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Predator-specific vocalizations in Diana monkeys vary based on:

Accepted Answer

A)  the type of predator and the predator's attack strategy.
B)  conditioning in the lab by primatologists.
C)  emotional impulses produced randomly and involuntarily.
D)  individual factors, as in humans.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Natural selection generally favors behaviors that:

Accepted Answer

A)  increase body size.
B)  increase brain size.
C)  limit population size.
D)  enhance survival and reproduction.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

What have scientists learned about the function of primate vocalizations and how they relate to the evolution of human language?

Accepted Answer

The use of playback experiments has incr...

Question 18

Why are primates social in the long term?

Accepted Answer

A)  to reduce stress, promote longevity, and enhance reproductive success
B)  to increase relationships between kin for the improvement of the society
C)  to emphasize care of the young
D)  to develop support for females to increase fecundityE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Polygynous:

Accepted Answer

A)  means "many marriages."
B)  means "many offspring."
C)  refers to a social group that includes one female and several males.
D)  refers to a social group that includes one adult male, several adult females, and their offspring.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Chimpanzee communication involves different combinations of sounds, such as:

Accepted Answer

A)  screams, gnashing, and hissing.
B)  grunts, pants, and hoots.
C)  howling, hoots, and high-pitched screams.
D)  pants, coos, and gurgles.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 7: Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Compare and contrast male and female primates in terms of reproductive strategies and competition.

Correct AnswerverifiedMales compete physically for access to f...View AnswerShow Answer

Natural selection generally favors behaviors that:

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Describe some examples of learned behavior and cultural traditions among primates.

Correct AnswerverifiedChimpanzee tool use, some forms of socia...View AnswerShow Answer

Kin selection refers to:

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Primatologists:

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Chimpanzee communication involves different combinations of sounds, such as:

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Why are primates social in the long term?

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Distribution, in reference to food, means the:

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Vocalizations enable primates to:

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How do primates acquire food?

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What have scientists learned about the function of primate vocalizations and how they relate to the evolution of human language?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe use of playback experiments has incr...View AnswerShow Answer

Why are primates social?

Correct AnswerverifiedGenerally primates that cooperate in soc...View AnswerShow Answer

Polygynous:

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Sociality among primates is likely the result of which of the following selective pressures?

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Predator-specific vocalizations in Diana monkeys vary based on:

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Availability of food:

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What is special about primate societies and social behavior?

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Primate societies are complexly organized.This means:

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Many primate societies are complexly organized, enabling their members to form alliances, including by:

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The higher the social rank of a female primate the:

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Males compete physically for access to f...
View Answer

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Chimpanzee tool use, some forms of socia...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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The use of playback experiments has incr...
View Answer

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Generally primates that cooperate in soc...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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