Question 1

Damage to the glomerular filtration membrane allowing proteins into the capsular space would result in allof the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   an increase in capsular colloid osmotic pressure.
B)   a decrease in blood colloid osmotic pressure.
C)   an increase in net filtration pressure.
D)   an increase in GFR and fluid loss.
E)   a decrease in capsular hydrostatic pressure.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

________ is an inherited abnormality that affects the development and structure of kidney tubules.

Accepted Answer

A)   Glomerulonephritis
B)   Polycystic kidney disease
C)   Nephrolithiasis
D)   Renal failure
E)   HematuriaF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

Calculate filtration pressure (FP)  in a nephron with a glomerular hydrostatic pressure of 55 mm Hg, a bloodcolloid osmotic pressure of 25 mm Hg, and a capsular hydrostatic pressure of 15 mm Hg.

Accepted Answer

A)   FP = 10 mm Hg
B)   FP = 95 mm Hg
C)   FP = 55 mm Hg
D)   FP = 45 mm Hg
E)   FP = 15 mm HgF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Secretion of hydrogen ion by the PCT is by the process of

Accepted Answer

A)   diffusion.
B)   facilitated diffusion.
C)   active transport.
D)   cotransport.
E)   countertransport.F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 5

The functional units of kidneys where blood is filtered and urine produced are called

Accepted Answer

A)   pyramids.
B)   nephrons.
C)   calyces.
D)   lobules.
E)   lobes.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 6

List each organ of the urinary system and concisely describe its function.

Accepted Answer

Consisting of the kidneys, ureters, urin...

Question 7

Modified smooth muscle cells in the wall of the afferent arteriole that secrete renin are called

Accepted Answer

A)   macula densa cells.
B)   juxtaglomerular cells.
C)   extraglomerular mesangial cells.
D)   podocytes.
E)   principal cells.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Approximately ________ liters of glomerular filtrate enter glomerular capsules each day.

Accepted Answer

A)   480
B)   180
C)   125
D)   18
E)   1.8F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

Capillaries that surround the proximal convoluted tubules are

Accepted Answer

A)   proximal capillaries.
B)   corticoradiate capillaries.
C)   vasa recta capillaries.
D)   efferent arterioles.
E)   peritubular capillaries.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

The ________ delivers urine to a minor calyx.

Accepted Answer

A)   nephron loop (loop of Henle) 
B)   distal convoluted tubule
C)   papillary duct
D)   renal corpuscle
E)   ureterF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following is a not a true statement regarding the countercurrent multiplication system?

Accepted Answer

A)   The thin limb of the nephron loop is permeable to water.
B)   The thick limb of the nephron loop is permeable to solutes.
C)   Osmotic concentration in the nephron loop decreases as fluid flows toward the bottom of the loop.
D)   Tubule fluid arrives at the DCT at about 100 mOsm/L.
E)   The maximum solute concentration is about 1200 mOsm/L.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

The ________ test is often used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate.

Accepted Answer

A)   inulin
B)   glucose tolerance
C)   CBC or complete blood count
D)   specific gravity
E)   creatinine clearanceF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 13

Reabsorbed water and solutes enter into the

Accepted Answer

A)   afferent arteriole.
B)   efferent arteriole.
C)   peritubular fluid.
D)   tubular fluid.
E)   glomerulus.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

The outermost layer of the kidney is the

Accepted Answer

A)   renal cortex.
B)   renal medulla.
C)   major calyx.
D)   fibrous capsule.
E)   renal pelvis.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

The prominent indentation on the medial surface of the kidney is the

Accepted Answer

A)   calyx.
B)   pelvis.
C)   ureter.
D)   hilum.
E)   pyramid.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

The final composition of urine is represented by which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

A)   Urine = substances reabsorbed + substances secreted.
B)   Urine = substances filtered + substances reabsorbed + substances secreted.
C)   Urine = substances secreted - substances reabsorbed - substances filtered.
D)   Urine = substances filtered - substances reabsorbed + substances secreted.
E)   Urine = substances reabsorbed - substances secreted - substances filtered.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Diuretics are used for all of the following reasons except

Accepted Answer

A)   to reduce body weight.
B)   to reduce water retention.
C)   to reduce blood pressure.
D)   to treat congestive heart failure.
E)   to reduce glucose levels.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Figure 26-2 The Nephron
 
Use Figure 26-2 to answer the following questions:
-Which area(s)  allow variable water reabsorption and is/are sensitive to the hormone ADH?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   3
C)   4
D)   5 and 6
E)   3 and 6F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

Insoluble deposits that form within the urinary tract from calcium salts, magnesium salts, or uric acidare called kidney stones or renal

Accepted Answer

A)   calculi.
B)   plaque.
C)   caries.
D)   otoliths.
E)   lithotrophs.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 20

The expanded beginning of the ureter connects to the

Accepted Answer

A)   renal sinus.
B)   renal pelvis.
C)   renal calyx.
D)   renal hilum.
E)   renal corpuscle.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Exam 26: The Urinary System

The ________ delivers urine to a minor calyx.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The outermost layer of the kidney is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Secretion of hydrogen ion by the PCT is by the process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reabsorbed water and solutes enter into the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a not a true statement regarding the countercurrent multiplication system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Insoluble deposits that form within the urinary tract from calcium salts, magnesium salts, or uric acidare called kidney stones or renal

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately ________ liters of glomerular filtrate enter glomerular capsules each day.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Modified smooth muscle cells in the wall of the afferent arteriole that secrete renin are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The final composition of urine is represented by which of the following statements?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The functional units of kidneys where blood is filtered and urine produced are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is an inherited abnormality that affects the development and structure of kidney tubules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diuretics are used for all of the following reasons except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Capillaries that surround the proximal convoluted tubules are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The prominent indentation on the medial surface of the kidney is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Damage to the glomerular filtration membrane allowing proteins into the capsular space would result in allof the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The expanded beginning of the ureter connects to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Calculate filtration pressure (FP) in a nephron with a glomerular hydrostatic pressure of 55 mm Hg, a bloodcolloid osmotic pressure of 25 mm Hg, and a capsular hydrostatic pressure of 15 mm Hg.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ test is often used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 26-2 The Nephron Use Figure 26-2 to answer the following questions: -Which area(s) allow variable water reabsorption and is/are sensitive to the hormone ADH?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List each organ of the urinary system and concisely describe its function.

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Consisting of the kidneys, ureters, urin...
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