Question 1

Professor Hellinger believes that babies are born with a set of innate knowledge systems.Professor Hellinger's beliefs are consistent with the __________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)   sociocultural
B)   core knowledge
C)   information-processing
D)   sensorimotorE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

__________ believed that complex mental activities have their origins in social interaction.

Accepted Answer

A)   Jean Piaget
B)   Renée Baillargeon
C)   Noam Chomsky
D)   Lev VygotskyE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

In Substage 6 of the sensorimotor period,the ability to create mental representations enables toddlers to __________ and __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   engage in deferred imitation; use make-believe play
B)   understand object permanence; engage in parallel play
C)   engage in deferred imitation; use the primary circular reaction
D)   engage in functional play; use the violation-of-expectation methodE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

In the violation-of-expectation method,researchers show babies __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   where to find objects hidden under a cover
B)   an expected event and an unexpected event
C)   behavior models displaying gross-motor skills
D)   a series of similar objects, one at a timeE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Early intervention programs __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   serve economically at-risk children and their parents
B)   are most effective if they begin at age 4
C)   are most effective when their scope is narrow and targeted
D)   rarely improve the lives of poverty-stricken childrenE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Retention of visual events __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is adultlike at birth
B)   improves greatly with age
C)   slowly declines throughout childhood
D)   decreases from two items at 6 months to one at 12 monthsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Most infant intelligence tests emphasize __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   concepts and memory
B)   memory and mental representations
C)   perceptual and motor responses
D)   attention and categorizationE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Mental tests __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   measure variations in developmental progress
B)   focus on the process of cognitive development
C)   are accurate indicators of what babies and toddlers understand
D)   focus on environmental influences on intelligenceE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 9

Piaget based the substages of sensorimotor development on __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   interviews with parents and children
B)   observations of a large sample of young children
C)   observations of his own three children
D)   field experiments with toddlers and preschoolersE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

During times of rapid cognitive change,children __________

Accepted Answer

A)   are in a state of disequilibrium
B)   assimilate more than they accommodate
C)   are likely to construct inefficient schemes
D)   balance assimilation and accommodationE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

Recent research indicates that __________ earlier than Piaget expected.

Accepted Answer

A)   infants actively search for hidden objects
B)   the first signs of problem solving by analogy emerge
C)   infants master the A-B object search
D)   toddlers engage in make-believe playE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

According to cognitive-developmental theory,a scheme is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   an internal process that occurs apart from any contact with the environment
B)   the understanding that objects continue to exist when out of sight
C)   the ability to copy the behavior of others
D)   an organized way of making sense of experienceE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Two-year-old Devin probably __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   understands the meaning of about 14,000 words
B)   speaks in elaborate sentences
C)   pronounces most words correctly
D)   combines two words when speakingE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Discuss the development of recall memory.

Accepted Answer

Recognition is the simplest form of memo...

Question 15

Because most infant test scores do not tap the same dimensions of intelligence assessed in older children,they usually are conservatively labeled __________ rather than IQs.

Accepted Answer

A)   perceptual quotients (PQs) 
B)   habituation quotients (HQs) 
C)   distribution quotients (DQs) 
D)   developmental quotients (DQs) E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Apart from direct contact with the environment,schemes also change through __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   organization
B)   circular motion
C)   deferred imitation
D)   heredityE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

With age,babies __________ in an effort to gain control over producing particular sounds.

Accepted Answer

A)   coo more than they babble
B)   increasingly babble in long strings
C)   decrease their range of babbling sounds
D)   make fewer consonant-vowel combinationsE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Middle-income parents are especially likely to place their children in __________ child-care settings,where quality tends to be lowest.

Accepted Answer

A)   rural
B)   family-based
C)   for-profit
D)   nonprofitE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Follow-up research on infant cognitive development suggests that mastery of object permanence __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is not possible until age 2
B)   occurs in Piaget's Substage 4
C)   is a gradual achievement
D)   develops suddenly, at around 4 monthsE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

The Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) is a checklist for __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   determining whether a child is ahead, behind, or on time in mental development
B)   gathering information about the quality of a child's home life
C)   making long-term predictions about a child's later intelligence
D)   measuring cognitive skills, such as object permanence and categorizationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Mental tests __________.

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Recent research indicates that __________ earlier than Piaget expected.

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Two-year-old Devin probably __________.

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The Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) is a checklist for __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the development of recall memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedRecognition is the simplest form of memo...View AnswerShow Answer

Professor Hellinger believes that babies are born with a set of innate knowledge systems.Professor Hellinger's beliefs are consistent with the __________ perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Early intervention programs __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Middle-income parents are especially likely to place their children in __________ child-care settings,where quality tends to be lowest.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________ believed that complex mental activities have their origins in social interaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the violation-of-expectation method,researchers show babies __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During times of rapid cognitive change,children __________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Retention of visual events __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most infant intelligence tests emphasize __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to cognitive-developmental theory,a scheme is __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Follow-up research on infant cognitive development suggests that mastery of object permanence __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Substage 6 of the sensorimotor period,the ability to create mental representations enables toddlers to __________ and __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because most infant test scores do not tap the same dimensions of intelligence assessed in older children,they usually are conservatively labeled __________ rather than IQs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With age,babies __________ in an effort to gain control over producing particular sounds.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Piaget based the substages of sensorimotor development on __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Apart from direct contact with the environment,schemes also change through __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Recognition is the simplest form of memo...
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In Substage 6 of the sensorimotor period,the ability to create mental representations enables toddlers to and .

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