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Exam 7: Cartilage

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Question 1

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How does articular cartilage differ from most other hyaline cartilage?

A) It undergoes mainly appositional growth.
B) It contains isogenous groups of chondrocytes.
C) It lacks a perichondrium.
D) Its matrix contains aggrecan.
E) It is derived from embryonic mesenchyme.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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C

Question 2

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What distinguishes cartilage from most other connective tissues?

A) Its extracellular matrix is rich in collagen.
B) Its predominant cell type is a mesenchymal derivative.
C) Its predominant cell type secretes both fibers and proteoglycans.
D) It lacks blood vessels.
E) It functions in mechanical support.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Question 3

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A 28-year-old woman visits the family medicine clinic complaining of loss of the sense of smell, nosebleeds, problems with swallowing, and hoarseness. She admits to "casual, social use" of cocaine on a regular basis since her sophomore year of college. A complete examination of her nose with a speculum and otoscope shows severe rhinitis (inflammation) . There is also perforation and collapse of the nasal cartilage resulting in a "saddle nose" deformity. Erosions in the enamel of her front teeth are noted. The breakdown of the nasal cartilage releases collagen fibers primarily of which type?

The molecular basis for the shock absorbing properties of cartilage involves which of the following?

Which step occurs first in chondrogenesis?

Which feature is typical of elastic cartilage?

Osteoarthritis is characterized by the progressive erosion of articular cartilage. The matrix metalloproteinases involved in this erosion primarily act on which matrix component?

What is the source of the mesenchymal progenitor cells activated for the repair of hyaline cartilage of accident-damaged costal cartilages?

Which area in cartilage is relatively collagen-poor and proteoglycan-rich?

A 66-year-old man who suffered from severe osteoarthritis is referred to an orthopedic surgeon for replacement of his right knee. He had been actively involved in both high school and intercollegiate football and had continued running until about the age of 45 as a form of relaxation and exercise. With the patient's permission the removed joint is used by investigators performing a proteomic analysis of different joint tissues. The meniscus was found to contain almost exclusively type I collagen and aggrecan was undetectable. What is the most likely explanation for this result?