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Exam 1: A Very Brief History of Chemistry

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Question 41

Multiple Choice

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Based on the law of Conservation of Mass, 1.8 g of elemental carbon (C) reacts with 4.8 g of molecular oxygen (O₂) to produce carbon dioxide gas (CO₂) as the only product. What mass of carbon dioxide is formed?

A) 18 g
B) 1.9 g
C) 6.6 g
D) 12 g
E) 1.2 g

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

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Question 42

Multiple Choice

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Consider the atoms of Mg and Al. Both of these species have the same

A) number of neutrons and electrons.
B) number of ions.
C) number of neutrons.
D) number of neutrons and mass number.
E) number of protons and electrons.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Question 43

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following postulates from Dalton's atomic theory is incorrectly stated?

A compound of phosphorus and chlorine contains 3.00 grams of phosphorus and 10.3 grams of chlorine. There are ________ grams of phosphorus in a sample of the compound containing 17.2 grams of chlorine. Hint: Consider the ratio of the masses to determine the mass of phosphorous.

The species V has the same number of neutrons as

Uranium exists in nature in the form of several isotopes and the different isotopes have different

If 2.00 grams of molecular hydrogen react with 16.00 grams of oxygen to form water, how many grams of water must be formed if all of the hydrogen and oxygen react? Hint: Consider the ratio of the masses to determine the mass of compound.

Which of the following have roughly the same mass?

To form hydrogen sulfide, H₂S, 4.03 g of molecular hydrogen (H₂) are reacted with 62.13 g of sulfur (S) . If all of the hydrogen and sulfur completely react to form hydrogen sulfide, how many grams of hydrogen sulfide should be formed?

Molecules are made of tiny particles called ________.

When an electrical spark is passed through hydrogen gas molecules, positive ions can be generated through the interaction.

The species shown below that has 24 electrons is

The atomic mass of naturally occurring gallium, which is a mixture of two isotopes, is listed as 69.723 u. This means that ,Hint: Individual atoms have a mass number that is the sum of the protons and neutrons.

A compound is made of nitrogen and hydrogen in a ratio of 5.65 grams nitrogen to 1.22 grams of hydrogen. There are ________ grams of nitrogen in a sample of this compound containing 4.00 grams of hydrogen. Hint: Consider the ratio of the masses to determine the mass of nitrogen.

Which of the following examples is consistent with the postulates from Dalton's atomic theory? Hint: Be sure to keep the definitions of atoms and molecules straight!

Which of the following particles will not be deflected by charged plates?

Atoms must be broken apart into their subatomic particles and then rearranged in order for chemical reactions to occur. Hint: What happens in a chemical reaction between reactants and products?

Compare Mg and Al. In what respect do these species differ? I. number of neutrons and number of electrons II. number of protons, and number of neutrons III. mass number and number of protons

Average atomic masses are used in the periodic table. These values give the true representation of mixtures of isotopes for different elements that are consistent around the world and universe.

Which of the following statements is/are consistent with Dalton's atomic theory? I. The atoms in a given sample of an element do not share any common properties. II. Matter consists of particles called atoms. III. In chemical reactions, atoms merely rearrange and do not disintegrate.