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_____ occurs when a parent tells a child what to do, when to do it, and why it should be done.


A) Counterimitation
B) Punishment
C) Infant-directed language
D) Direct instruction

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Casey is a chronic victim of bullies. What is one way research suggests to decrease the likelihood that Casey will continue to be victimized?


A) Try to externalize the fear experienced while being bullied
B) Increase his own hostile aggressiveness
C) Help him make more friends
D) Put him in time-out

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Authorities will sometimes find children near death due to the fact that their parents have not fed them or protected them from environmental conditions such as the weather. These children are most accurately labeled as victims of


A) physical abuse.
B) neglect.
C) psychological abuse.
D) negative reinforcement trap.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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A friendship is both


A) mandatory and independent.
B) mandatory and mutual.
C) voluntary and independent.
D) voluntary and mutual.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Use the dimensions of warmth and control to describe the four major types of parenting. Which style seems to promote the best development in children? Explain.

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The four parenting styles are authoritar...

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Playing violent video games while identifying with aggressive characters in the game ____ aggressive behavior.


A) is inversely correlated with
B) is positively correlated with
C) is unrelated with
D) reduces the incidence of

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which parenting style is best characterized as "indifferent?"


A) Authoritarian
B) Authoritative
C) Permissive
D) Uninvolved

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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During adolescence, as preference for your own group intensifies, the likelihood of prejudice


A) gets higher.
B) gets lower.
C) stays the same.
D) reduces to zero.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Direct instruction involves telling a child when, what, and why he should do something.

A) True
B) False

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Clyde is quite a character. He is very well liked by some people in his class but is very much disliked by some others. Clyde is a good example of a(n) ____ child.


A) popular
B) rejected
C) Average
D) Controversial

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The ability of a child to respond adaptively and resourcefully to a new situation is called ego-_____.

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Yuri is the leader of a group called "The Wannabes." All the other members know that Yuri is in charge, and they respect that. What is the best term to describe this type of group structure?


A) Clique
B) Crowd
C) Dominance hierarchy
D) Friendship

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Glenna hangs around two other friends who are the same sex and have similar attitudes and interests. This group of friends would most accurately be described as a


A) group.
B) crowd.
C) gang.
D) clique.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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When Ki-Jana asks his parents if he can buy a car, his parents say no but sit down and explain to him the reasoning behind their decision. His parents express affection toward him and tell him that they may consider the matter at some later time. Which parenting style best describes Ki-Jana's parents?


A) Authoritarian
B) Permissive
C) Uninvolved
D) Authoritative

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Peer pressure is never positive.

A) True
B) False

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Mabel likes to hit other children for no other purpose than to see them get hurt and feel scared. What term best describes Mabel's behavior?


A) Hostile aggression
B) Instrumental aggression
C) Relational aggression
D) Counterimitation

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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After having read a book on parenting styles, if you wished to raise a friendly and self-reliant child, you would try to adopt a(n) _____ parenting style.


A) permissive
B) authoritative
C) uninvolved
D) authoritarian

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Rita is incredibly aggressive on the hockey rink but is very nice to everyone when she isn't competing. What term best describes Rita's "on-ice" aggression?


A) Relational aggression
B) Hostile aggression
C) Neglect
D) Instrumental aggression

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Hostile aggression is provoked.

A) True
B) False

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What statement about time-out is true?


A) It is based on modeling.
B) It is a reinforcement technique.
C) It bypasses many of the pitfalls of punishment.
D) It produces disinhibition.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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