Question 1

According to epidemiological transition theory a society goes through three mortality stages in its transition to a modern pattern. The first stage is

Accepted Answer

A)   the Age of Receding Pandemics, characterized by death rates starting to decline steadily, and a decrease in the proportion of deaths due to improved nutrition, sanitation and medical advances
B)   the Age of Evolution and Survival of the Fittest, where those who are weak or diseased die
C)   the Age of Natural Disasters, characterized by increased earthquakes, floods, tornadoes, hurricanes, avalanches and volcano eruptions
D)   the Age of Pestilence and Famine, characterized by high death rates that fluctuate in response to epidemics, famines and war
E)   the Age of Degenerative and Man-Made Diseases, characterized by low death rates and chronic diseases associated with aging are the common causes of deathF) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

Dependency-free life expectancy refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the number of years that a person in a given country/population can expect to live
B)   the number of years that humans could live under ideal conditions
C)   the number of years that people in a given population can expect to live in (reasonably)  good health
D)   the number of years that people in a given population can expect to live in (reasonably)  good health, with no or only minor disabling health conditions
E)   the number of years that people in a given population can expect to live in (reasonably)  good health, with major disabling conditionsF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

The Canadian province that has the smallest percentage of people aged 65 and over in its population is

Accepted Answer

A)   Alberta
B)   Ontario
C)   Quebec
D)   British Colombia
E)   Prince Edward IslandF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Epidemiological transition theory

Accepted Answer

A)   describes the relationship between mortality decline and changes in the relative importance of different causes of death in the West
B)   describes the relationship between mortality incline and changes in the relative importance of different causes of death in the West
C)   discusses the different causes of death in the developing world
D)   discusses the transition from a state of well-being to chronic disability
E)   discusses the transition from birth to deathF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 5

Populations that have the same percentage of people aged 65 and over always have identical age structures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The compression of morbidity hypothesis states that among Western countries

Accepted Answer

A)   the age of onset of chronic disability is being delayed, thereby shortening the amount of time between being ill or disabled, and dying
B)   the age of onset of chronic disability is being delayed, thereby increasing the amount of time between being ill or disabled, and dying
C)   the age of onset of chronic disability is occurring earlier, thereby shortening the amount of time between being ill or disabled, and dying
D)   the age of onset of chronic disability is occurring earlier, thereby increasing the amount of time between being ill or disabled, and dying
E)   the age of onset of chronic disability is staying the same, thus having no effect on the number of dependent years before dyingF) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 7

A youth dependency ratio refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the number of persons aged 65 years and over, to the number of persons aged 15 (or 18)  to 64 years
B)   the number of persons aged 0 to 15 (or 18)  years, to the population aged 15 (or 18)  to 64 years
C)   the number of persons aged 65 years and over, and the number of persons aged 0 to 15 (or 18)  years, to the number of persons aged 15 (or 18)  to 64 years
D)   the number of persons aged 65 years and over, to the number of persons aged less than 15 (or 18)  years
E)   the number of persons aged 65 to 84 years, to the number of persons aged 45 to 54 yearsF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

An age dependency ratio refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the number of persons aged 65 years and over, to the number of persons aged 15 (or 18)  to 64 years
B)   the number of persons aged 0 to 15 (or 18)  years, to the population aged 15 (or 18)  to 64 years
C)   the number of persons aged 65 years and over, and the number of persons aged 0 to 15 (or 18)  years, to the number of persons aged 15 (or 18)  to 64 years
D)   the number of persons aged 65 years and over, to the number of persons aged less than 15 (or 18)  years
E)   the number of persons aged 65 to 84 years, to the number of persons aged 45 to 54 yearsF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

All of the following factors contributed to the widening of the gender differential in mortality over the 20th Century EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   death rates for older women 65 and over, declined more quickly than for older men 65 and over
B)   death rates for women 55 to 64 years, declined more quickly than for men 55 to 64 years
C)   high male infant mortality was overcome considerably
D)   male deaths due to circulatory disease declined less than did female deaths
E)   female mortality rates from cancer tended to be higher than male cancer mortality ratesF) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

The snowbird phenomenon refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   a type of Canadian bird that flies south in the winter
B)   older Canadians who move on a seasonal basis to southern US states
C)   older Canadians who move permanently to southern US states
D)   young Canadians who vacation in the winter
E)   older people who travel across Canada in the winterF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

What factors have contributed to the gender differentials in mortality? Describe the trends that occurred over the 20th century that contributed to the widening of the gender mortality differential. Are these trends still evident?

Accepted Answer

Question 12

In the last 20 years, the gap between male and female mortality rates has narrowed somewhat. The major factor accounting for this narrowing is

Accepted Answer

A)   that men have been experiencing greater declines in deaths due to tuberculosis than have women
B)   that women have been experiencing greater declines in deaths due to tuberculosis than have men
C)   that women have been experiencing greater declines in deaths due to HIV/AIDS than have men
D)   that men have been experiencing greater declines in deaths due to circulatory diseases than have women
E)   that women have been experiencing greater declines in deaths due to circulatory diseases than have menF) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 13

Part of the gender differential in mortality can be accounted for by all of the following biological factors EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   higher infant mortality among males
B)   males are more likely to suffer from congenital abnormalities leading to death, than females
C)   the protective effect of women's XX chromosome structure against heart disease
D)   men's propensity towards violence compared to women
E)   cell death occurs more rapidly in men than womenF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Canada's aging population is due to the combined effect of

Accepted Answer

A)   increasing fertility, declining mortality, stress
B)   declining fertility, increasing mortality, stress
C)   increasing fertility, declining mortality, international migration
D)   declining fertility, increasing mortality, international migration
E)   declining fertility, declining mortality, international migrationF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 15

Define and contrast life expectancy and lifespan. How has life expectancy changed in Canada over the 20th century? Identify two milestones in life expectancy changes in Canada.

Accepted Answer

Question 16

In general, older women outnumber older men. However, among those aged 85 years and over, women make-up almost _____ percent of the total.

Accepted Answer

A)   ten
B)   thirty
C)   fifty
D)   seventy
E)   ninetyF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 17

Discuss where older people in Canada live, with respect to provinces, size of cities, and rural compared to urban areas. Provide examples of the unique challenges faced by older people who live in rural areas. Describe the three-fold typology of senior migration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss where older people in Canada live,...

Question 18

The data suggest, for virtually all places and times, that for the first year of life

Accepted Answer

A)   infant mortality rates are higher for males than for females
B)   infant mortality rates are lower for males than for females
C)   infant mortality rates are the same for males than for females
D)   infant mortality rates are unavailable for males and females
E)   infant mortality rates are increasing for males than for femalesF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Explain why the percentage of the population that is age 65 and over is a simple indicator of population aging. Discuss the limitation of using this measure an indicator of population aging.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why the percentage of the population...

Question 20

Briefly explain the epidemiological transition theory. What are the three stages? Are these stages considered final? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain the epidemiological transition theory. What...

Exam 2: Population Aging

In general, older women outnumber older men. However, among those aged 85 years and over, women make-up almost _____ percent of the total.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The data suggest, for virtually all places and times, that for the first year of life

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Part of the gender differential in mortality can be accounted for by all of the following biological factors EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The compression of morbidity hypothesis states that among Western countries

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An age dependency ratio refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss where older people in Canada live, with respect to provinces, size of cities, and rural compared to urban areas. Provide examples of the unique challenges faced by older people who live in rural areas. Describe the three-fold typology of senior migration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly explain the epidemiological transition theory. What are the three stages? Are these stages considered final? Why or why not?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dependency-free life expectancy refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Epidemiological transition theory

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A youth dependency ratio refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Canadian province that has the smallest percentage of people aged 65 and over in its population is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The snowbird phenomenon refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following factors contributed to the widening of the gender differential in mortality over the 20th Century EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Populations that have the same percentage of people aged 65 and over always have identical age structures.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define and contrast life expectancy and lifespan. How has life expectancy changed in Canada over the 20th century? Identify two milestones in life expectancy changes in Canada.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to epidemiological transition theory a society goes through three mortality stages in its transition to a modern pattern. The first stage is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain why the percentage of the population that is age 65 and over is a simple indicator of population aging. Discuss the limitation of using this measure an indicator of population aging.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What factors have contributed to the gender differentials in mortality? Describe the trends that occurred over the 20th century that contributed to the widening of the gender mortality differential. Are these trends still evident?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Canada's aging population is due to the combined effect of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the last 20 years, the gap between male and female mortality rates has narrowed somewhat. The major factor accounting for this narrowing is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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All of the following factors contributed to the widening of the gender differential in mortality over the 20^th Century EXCEPT

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Define and contrast life expectancy and lifespan. How has life expectancy changed in Canada over the 20^th century? Identify two milestones in life expectancy changes in Canada.

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What factors have contributed to the gender differentials in mortality? Describe the trends that occurred over the 20^th century that contributed to the widening of the gender mortality differential. Are these trends still evident?

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