Question 1

Experimental analysis of bone tools from South Africa suggests that they were used to

Accepted Answer

A)   dig up plant roots and tubers.
B)   extract termites from their mounds.
C)   dig up tree roots.
D)   bury carcasses.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Human foragers primarily include ________ foods in their diet.

Accepted Answer

A)   raw and unprocessed
B)   hunted
C)   scavenged
D)   extracted and huntedE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 3

In contemporary foraging societies,

Accepted Answer

A)   there is a great deal of sexual dimorphism.
B)   there is increased competition between males for females who are good at extractive foraging.
C)   males make substantial investments in their offspring by sharing food.
D)   females are solely responsible for the food needed to feed children.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following is the WEAKEST evidence in favor of early hominins obtaining meat by scavenging?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most large mammalian carnivores practice some scavenging.
B)   Scavenging requires cunning.
C)   Scavenging is never dangerous.
D)   Scavenging is considered practical when migratory herds are not present.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Because humans rely on learned skills for many of the foods they eat, natural selection has favored

Accepted Answer

A)   fast development.
B)   an extended juvenile period.
C)   strength.
D)   hunting.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

The first use of tools

Accepted Answer

A)   was by australopithecine ancestors of humans.
B)   probably precedes the divergence of humans and apes.
C)   occurred after the evolution of bipedalism.
D)   involved distinctly human abilities.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Did early hominins live in home bases? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

No, it is unlikely for several reasons t...

Question 8

Microscopic analysis of Oldowan chipped stone tools indicates that they were used for

Accepted Answer

A)   wood working and butchery.
B)   sewing and piercing hides.
C)   digging in termite mounds.
D)   ritual activities.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

At modern kill sites

Accepted Answer

A)   hunters usually take meat from the limbs, and scavengers eat meat from the skull and vertebrae.
B)   hunters usually take meat from the skull and vertebrae, and scavengers eat meat from the limbs.
C)   hunters take almost all of the meat, and scavengers eat only cartilage and bone marrow.
D)   hunters and scavengers share all parts of carcasses.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 10

What are the elements of Mode 1, or Oldowan, stone industries, and what do we know about their use?

Accepted Answer

Oldowan tools are very primitive and inc...

Question 11

Oldowan tools are quite variable in size and shape. The best explanation for this pattern is thought to be

Accepted Answer

A)   the function the tools were made for.
B)   the particular method used to make them.
C)   how toolmakers thought their tools should look.
D)   The particular raw material used to make the tools.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 12

________ foods come from things that do not move but are protected in some way.

Accepted Answer

A)   Hunted
B)   Extracted
C)   Collected
D)   ProvisionedE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following statements about food acquisition is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Contemporary human foragers sometimes share meat.
B)   Chimpanzees spend most of their time feeding on extracted and hunted foods.
C)   Evidence suggests that the Oldowan hominins were neither hunters nor scavengers.
D)   Juveniles in contemporary human foraging groups are responsible for finding their own food each day.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

Oldowan tools found in East Africa and dated to 2.5 mya could have been made by

Accepted Answer

A)   Australopithecus afarensis.
B)   Proconsul africanus.
C)   Homo sapiens.
D)   Homo neanderthalensis.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Why do anthropologists think hard-to-acquire food resources had such an effect on human evolution?

Accepted Answer

Something had to be the driving force to...

Question 16

Contemporary foragers rely more heavily on ________ than any other primate.

Accepted Answer

A)   fruit
B)   agricultural products
C)   meat
D)   domestic animalsE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 17

What is the evidence that early hominins ate meat?

Accepted Answer

Students may draw on several lines of ev...

Question 18

Taphonomists believe that the Olduvai bone and stone-tool sites were not deposited by moving water because

Accepted Answer

A)   the bones do not contain characteristic water markings.
B)   the sediments surrounding the bones do not contain water markings.
C)   the sediments surrounding the bones are inverted, so that the top layers are oldest.
D)   the sediments surrounding the bones and tools are not graded by size and weight.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Were early hominins hunters or scavengers? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

Early hominins were likely both hunters ...

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Olduvai sites?

Accepted Answer

A)   The home bases found at Olduvai are now interpreted as spots where hominins ate their prey.
B)   Paleoanthropologists cannot distinguish between animal tooth marks and stone-tool marks on animal bones found at Olduvai.
C)   Taphonomic evidence suggests that the Oldowan hominins only acquired meat by scavenging.
D)   Taphonomic evidence suggests that the Oldowan hominins were sometimes hunters and sometimes scavengers.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Exam 11: Oldowan Toolmakers and the Origin of Human Life History

Which of the following statements about food acquisition is NOT true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experimental analysis of bone tools from South Africa suggests that they were used to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Olduvai sites?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microscopic analysis of Oldowan chipped stone tools indicates that they were used for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oldowan tools are quite variable in size and shape. The best explanation for this pattern is thought to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In contemporary foraging societies,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the WEAKEST evidence in favor of early hominins obtaining meat by scavenging?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Contemporary foragers rely more heavily on ________ than any other primate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ foods come from things that do not move but are protected in some way.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Did early hominins live in home bases? Explain your answer.

Correct AnswerverifiedNo, it is unlikely for several reasons t...View AnswerShow Answer

Why do anthropologists think hard-to-acquire food resources had such an effect on human evolution?

Correct AnswerverifiedSomething had to be the driving force to...View AnswerShow Answer

Human foragers primarily include ________ foods in their diet.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the evidence that early hominins ate meat?

Correct AnswerverifiedStudents may draw on several lines of ev...View AnswerShow Answer

The first use of tools

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the elements of Mode 1, or Oldowan, stone industries, and what do we know about their use?

Correct AnswerverifiedOldowan tools are very primitive and inc...View AnswerShow Answer

At modern kill sites

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Taphonomists believe that the Olduvai bone and stone-tool sites were not deposited by moving water because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Were early hominins hunters or scavengers? Explain your answer.

Correct AnswerverifiedEarly hominins were likely both hunters ...View AnswerShow Answer

Oldowan tools found in East Africa and dated to 2.5 mya could have been made by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because humans rely on learned skills for many of the foods they eat, natural selection has favored

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
No, it is unlikely for several reasons t...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Something had to be the driving force to...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Students may draw on several lines of ev...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Oldowan tools are very primitive and inc...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Early hominins were likely both hunters ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified