Question 1

In mammals,advanced cognition is usually correlated with a large and very convoluted neocortex,but birds are capable of sophisticated cognition because they have

Accepted Answer

A)  a more advanced cerebellum.
B)  a cerebellum with several flat layers.
C)  a pallium with neurons clustered into nuclei.
D)  microvilli to increase the brain's surface area.
E)  a large hindbrainF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

Increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased heart rate.
B)  increased secretion by the pancreas.
C)  increased secretion by the gallbladder.
D)  increased contraction of the stomach.
E)  relaxation of the airways in the lungs.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

If an individual did not possess the NMDA or AMPA receptors,this would inhibit

Accepted Answer

A)  dreaming during sleep.
B)  short-term memory.
C)  long-term potentiation.
D)  motor capacity.
E)  short-term potentiation.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions.
 
-In the figure,which letter points to the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  EF) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 5

Our understanding of mental illness has been most advanced by discoveries involving

Accepted Answer

A)  the degree of convolutions in the brain's surface.
B)  the evolution of the telencephalon.
C)  the sequence of developmental specialization.
D)  the chemicals involved in brain communications.
E)  the nature of the blood-brain barrier.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Which of the following structures are correctly paired?

Accepted Answer

A)  forebrain and medulla oblongata
B)  forebrain and cerebellum
C)  midbrain and cerebrum
D)  hindbrain and cerebellum
E)  brainstem and anterior pituitary glandF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

Myelinated neurons are especially abundant in the

Accepted Answer

A)  grey matter of the brain and the white matter of the spinal cord.
B)  white matter of the brain and the grey matter of the spinal cord.
C)  grey matter of the brain and the grey matter of the spinal cord.
D)  white matter in the brain and the white matter in the spinal cord.
E)  all areas of the brain and spinal cord.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

Cephalization,the clustering of neurons and interneurons in the anterior part of the animal,is apparent in

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydra.
B)  cnidarians.
C)  Planaria.
D)  sea stars.
E)  invertebrate animals with radial symmetry.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 9

Bottlenose dolphins breathe air but can sleep in the ocean because

Accepted Answer

A)  they cease breathing while sleeping and remain underwater.
B)  they sleep for only 30 minutes at a time, which is the maximum interval they can cease breathing.
C)  they fill their swim bladder with air to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water while they sleep.
D)  they move to shallow water to sleep, so they do not need to swim to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water.
E)  they alternate which half of their brains is asleep and which half is awake.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

Hormones that are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland are made in the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum.
B)  cerebellum.
C)  thalamus.
D)  hypothalamus.
E)  medulla oblongata.F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 11

Central coordination of vertebrate biological rhythms in physiology and behaviour reside in the

Accepted Answer

A)  pituitary gland.
B)  hypothalamus.
C)  cerebrum.
D)  cerebellum.
E)  thalamus.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 12

Use the following information to answer the next few questions.
While deployed to Afghanistan,a soldier steps on a landmine and loses the lower portion of his right leg and also sustains a substantial brain injury.In time,doctors observe that the soldier is not acquiring new long-term memories since the explosion occurred; however,his recollection of times previous to the explosion is impeccable.Sometimes the soldier can feel a tingling sensation in his missing limb.
-Over time,the soldier's phantom limb syndrome subsides and he rarely "feels" his missing limb.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  neural plasticity.
B)  somatosensory regeneration.
C)  autonomic arousal.
D)  reticular formation.
E)  sympathetic response.F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 13

Which of the following correctly describes the how memories are stored and learning takes place?

Accepted Answer

A)  Memory and learning is related to changes in the degree of myelination of axons.
B)  Memory and learning results in an increase in the diameter of axons.
C)  Memory and learning results in a shift from aerobic to anaerobic respiration in neurons.
D)  Memory and learning involves two types of glutamate receptors.
E)  Memory and learning involves stronger action potentials.F) None of the above
G) D) and E) D

Question 14

Which of the following correctly describes the brain reward system?

Accepted Answer

A)  The brain reward system represents an emergent brain property that has arisen independent of natural selection.
B)  The brain reward system is a reflex of the peripheral nervous primarily under autonomic control.
C)  The brain reward system is housed in the thalamus and primarily regulates the enteric division of the autonomic nervous system.
D)  The brain reward system utilizes the neurotransmitter dopamine and is affected by drug addiction.
E)  The brain reward system results in the death of neurons during addiction.F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 15

The system that modulates excitation and inhibition of smooth and cardiac muscles of the digestive,cardiovascular,and excretory systems is the

Accepted Answer

A)  central nervous system.
B)  peripheral nervous system.
C)  autonomic nervous system.
D)  parasympathetic nervous system.
E)  sympathetic nervous system.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D) C

Question 16

The activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  resting and digesting.
B)  release of epinephrine into the blood.
C)  increased metabolic rate.
D)  fight-or-flight responses.
E)  intensive aerobic exercise.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 17

The blood-brain barrier

Accepted Answer

A)  is formed by tight junctions.
B)  is formed by oligodendrocytes.
C)  tightly regulates the intracellular environment of the CNS.
D)  uses chemical signals to communicate with the spinal cord.
E)  provides support to the brain tissue.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Preparation for the fight-or-flight response includes activation of the ________ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic
B)  somatic
C)  central
D)  visceral
E)  parasympatheticF) A) and B)
G) All of the above A

Question 19

After suffering a stroke,a patient can see objects anywhere in front of him but pays attention only to objects in his right field of vision.When asked to describe these objects,he has difficulty judging their size and distance.What part of the brain was likely damaged by the stroke?

Accepted Answer

A)  the left frontal lobe
B)  the right frontal lobe
C)  the left parietal lobe
D)  the right parietal lobe
E)  the corpus callosumF) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 20

The endogenous nature of biological rhythms is based on the observations that animals isolated from light and dark cues

Accepted Answer

A)  continue to have cycles of exactly 24 hours' duration.
B)  continue to have cycles of approximately 24 hours' duration; some more rapid, some slower.
C)  synchronize activity with whatever lighting cycle is imposed on them.
D)  cease having any rhythms.
E)  are independent of any genetic determinants.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Exam 49: Nervous Systems

In mammals,advanced cognition is usually correlated with a large and very convoluted neocortex,but birds are capable of sophisticated cognition because they have

Correct Answer
verified

Increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system leads to

Correct Answer
verified

If an individual did not possess the NMDA or AMPA receptors,this would inhibit

Correct Answer
verified

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions. -In the figure,which letter points to the hypothalamus?

Correct Answer
verified

Our understanding of mental illness has been most advanced by discoveries involving

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following structures are correctly paired?

Correct Answer
verified

Myelinated neurons are especially abundant in the

Correct Answer
verified

Cephalization,the clustering of neurons and interneurons in the anterior part of the animal,is apparent in

Correct Answer
verified

Bottlenose dolphins breathe air but can sleep in the ocean because

Correct Answer
verified

Hormones that are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland are made in the

Correct Answer
verified

Central coordination of vertebrate biological rhythms in physiology and behaviour reside in the

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following correctly describes the how memories are stored and learning takes place?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Which of the following correctly describes the brain reward system?

Correct Answer
verified

The system that modulates excitation and inhibition of smooth and cardiac muscles of the digestive,cardiovascular,and excretory systems is the

Correct Answer
verified
C

The activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is associated with

Correct Answer
verified

The blood-brain barrier

Correct Answer
verified

Preparation for the fight-or-flight response includes activation of the ________ nervous system.

Correct Answer
verified
A

After suffering a stroke,a patient can see objects anywhere in front of him but pays attention only to objects in his right field of vision.When asked to describe these objects,he has difficulty judging their size and distance.What part of the brain was likely damaged by the stroke?

Correct Answer
verified

The endogenous nature of biological rhythms is based on the observations that animals isolated from light and dark cues

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 49: Nervous Systems

In mammals,advanced cognition is usually correlated with a large and very convoluted neocortex,but birds are capable of sophisticated cognition because they have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system leads to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an individual did not possess the NMDA or AMPA receptors,this would inhibit

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions. -In the figure,which letter points to the hypothalamus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Our understanding of mental illness has been most advanced by discoveries involving

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following structures are correctly paired?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Myelinated neurons are especially abundant in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cephalization,the clustering of neurons and interneurons in the anterior part of the animal,is apparent in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bottlenose dolphins breathe air but can sleep in the ocean because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hormones that are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland are made in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Central coordination of vertebrate biological rhythms in physiology and behaviour reside in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly describes the how memories are stored and learning takes place?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which of the following correctly describes the brain reward system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The system that modulates excitation and inhibition of smooth and cardiac muscles of the digestive,cardiovascular,and excretory systems is the

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The blood-brain barrier

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Preparation for the fight-or-flight response includes activation of the ________ nervous system.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

After suffering a stroke,a patient can see objects anywhere in front of him but pays attention only to objects in his right field of vision.When asked to describe these objects,he has difficulty judging their size and distance.What part of the brain was likely damaged by the stroke?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The endogenous nature of biological rhythms is based on the observations that animals isolated from light and dark cues

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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C

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A

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