Question 1

Why is carbon so important in biology?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a common element on Earth.
B)  It has very little electronegativity, making it a good electron donor.
C)  It bonds to only a few other elements.
D)  It can form a variety of carbon skeletons and host functional groups.
E)  It can be part of either hydrophobic or hydrophilic molecules.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 2

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-The figure above shows the structures of glucose and fructose.These two molecules are

Accepted Answer

A)  geometric isotopes.
B)  enantiomers.
C)  cis-trans isomers.
D)  structural isomers.
E)  nonisotopic isomers.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?

Accepted Answer

A)  The majority of their bonds are polar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.
B)  The majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.
C)  They are hydrophilic.
D)  They exhibit considerable molecular complexity and diversity.
E)  They are lighter than water.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

Organic molecules with only hydrogens and five carbon atoms can have different structures in all of the following ways except

Accepted Answer

A)  by branching of the carbon skeleton.
B)  by varying the number of double bonds between carbon atoms.
C)  by varying the position of double bonds between carbon atoms.
D)  by forming a ring.
E)  by forming enantiomers.F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 5

Answer the following questions based on the figure below.
 
-Which action could produce a carbonyl group?

Accepted Answer

A)  the replacement of the -OH of a carboxyl group with hydrogen
B)  the addition of a thiol to a hydroxyl
C)  the addition of a hydroxyl to a phosphate
D)  the replacement of the nitrogen of an amine with oxygen
E)  the addition of a sulfhydryl to a carboxylF) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 6

What are carbon's most frequent bonding partners?

Accepted Answer

A)  H, N, O
B)  H, N, S
C)  H, O, S
D)  N, O, S
E)  H, N, O, SF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

Answer the following questions based on the figure below.
 
-Which of the following is true of carbon?

Accepted Answer

A)  It forms only polar molecules.
B)  It can form a maximum of three covalent bonds with other elements.
C)  It is highly electronegative.
D)  It can form both polar and nonpolar bonds.
E)  It can form ionic bonds.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  2
C)  3
D)  4
E)  8F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 9

Which of the following statements correctly describes cis-trans isomers?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have variations in arrangement around a double bond.
B)  They have an asymmetric carbon that makes them mirror images.
C)  They have the same chemical properties.
D)  They have different molecular formulas.
E)  Their atoms and bonds are arranged in different sequences.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 10

Hydrocarbons are ________ because most of their bonds are ________ carbon-hydrogen links.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrophilic; polar
B)  hydrophilic; charged
C)  hydrophobic; polar
D)  hydrophobic; non-polar
E)  inorganic; notF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which molecules shown above contain a carbonyl group?

Accepted Answer

A)  A and B
B)  B and C
C)  B, C, and D
D)  D and E
E)  E and AF) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 12

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which molecule shown above would have a positive charge in aqueous solution at pH 7?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  EF) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

-The two molecules shown in the figure above are best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  optical isomers.
B)  enantiomers.
C)  structural isomers.
D)  cis-trans isomers.
E)  chain length isomers.F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 14

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which molecule shown above contains a carboxyl group?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  EF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which of the groups above is a carboxyl functional group?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  EF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

L-dopa and D-dopa,shown below,are an example of a pharmaceutical drug that occurs as enantiomers,or molecules that

Accepted Answer

A)  have identical three-dimensional shapes.
B)  are mirror images of one another.
C)  are structural isomers.
D)  are mirror images of one another and are likely to have the same biological activity.
E)  are cis-trans isomers.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

Organic chemistry is currently defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  the study of compounds made only by living cells.
B)  the study of carbon compounds.
C)  the study of vital forces.
D)  the study of natural (as opposed to synthetic) compounds.
E)  the study of hydrocarbons.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Three or four of the following illustrations depict different structural isomers of the organic compound with molecular formula C₆H₁₄.For clarity,only the carbon skeletons are shown; hydrogen atoms that would be attached to the carbons have been omitted.Which one,if any,is not a structural isomer of this compound?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)  Each of the illustrations in the other answer choices depicts a structural isomer of the compound with molecular formula C₆H₁₄.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

Choose the term that correctly describes the relationship between these two sugar molecules:

Accepted Answer

A)  structural isomers
B)  cis-trans isomers
C)  enantiomers
D)  isotopesE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  ketone and methyl
B)  carbonyl and amino
C)  carboxyl and amino
D)  amino and sulfhydryl
E)  hydroxyl and carboxylF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Exam 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

Organic chemistry is currently defined as

Correct Answer
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Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecule shown above contains a carboxyl group?

Correct Answer
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Answer the following questions based on the figure below. -Which of the following is true of carbon?

Correct Answer
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Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecules shown above contain a carbonyl group?

Correct Answer
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Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?

Correct Answer
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What are carbon's most frequent bonding partners?

Correct Answer
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Why is carbon so important in biology?

Correct Answer
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Organic molecules with only hydrogens and five carbon atoms can have different structures in all of the following ways except

Correct Answer
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Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?

Correct Answer
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Choose the term that correctly describes the relationship between these two sugar molecules:

Correct Answer
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How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?

Correct Answer
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Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -The figure above shows the structures of glucose and fructose.These two molecules are

Correct Answer
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Answer the following questions based on the figure below. -Which action could produce a carbonyl group?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Hydrocarbons are because most of their bonds are carbon-hydrogen links.

Correct Answer
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Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecule shown above would have a positive charge in aqueous solution at pH 7?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following statements correctly describes cis-trans isomers?

Correct Answer
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L-dopa and D-dopa,shown below,are an example of a pharmaceutical drug that occurs as enantiomers,or molecules that

Correct Answer
verified

-The two molecules shown in the figure above are best described as

Correct Answer
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Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which of the groups above is a carboxyl functional group?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

Organic chemistry is currently defined as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecule shown above contains a carboxyl group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Answer the following questions based on the figure below. -Which of the following is true of carbon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecules shown above contain a carbonyl group?

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Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are carbon's most frequent bonding partners?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is carbon so important in biology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organic molecules with only hydrogens and five carbon atoms can have different structures in all of the following ways except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the term that correctly describes the relationship between these two sugar molecules:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -The figure above shows the structures of glucose and fructose.These two molecules are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Answer the following questions based on the figure below. -Which action could produce a carbonyl group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hydrocarbons are ________ because most of their bonds are ________ carbon-hydrogen links.

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Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecule shown above would have a positive charge in aqueous solution at pH 7?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements correctly describes cis-trans isomers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

L-dopa and D-dopa,shown below,are an example of a pharmaceutical drug that occurs as enantiomers,or molecules that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-The two molecules shown in the figure above are best described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which of the groups above is a carboxyl functional group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Hydrocarbons are because most of their bonds are carbon-hydrogen links.

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