Question 1

The disparity between private industrial costs and public social costs is what economists call an "internality."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Which environmental statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  An American consumer can cause more tropical rain forest destruction than a poor person living within the forest itself.
B)  Because of technological breakthroughs, people living in developed countries put less strain on the environment than do people in poorer countries.
C)  There are only about 1000 species of animals left in the world.
D)  The United States consumes only its proportional share of the world's irreplaceable natural resources.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Advocates of a naturalistic ethic contend that some natural objects are morally considerable in their own right, apart from human interests.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Tampering with the ecosystem always has injurious effects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

According to the anthropocentric (or human-oriented) ethic of Baxter and others,

Accepted Answer

A)  environmental preservation is inherently valuable.
B)  the Grand Canyon is valuable only because people care about it.
C)  we have a strong, almost absolute obligation to preserve species from extinction.
D)  future people have no interests that we need to respect now.
E)  nature has value in and of itself, apart from human beings.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 6

An assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves

Accepted Answer

A)  facts.
B)  monetary costs only.
C)  false opinions.
D)  value judgements and factual uncertaintiesE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

What's a "free rider"?

Accepted Answer

A "free rider" is a term used in economi...

Question 8

Cost-benefit analysis

Accepted Answer

A)  involves value judgments and factual uncertainties.
B)  considers only short-term effects.
C)  values costs over benefits focusing on internalities.
D)  is a value-free social-scientific approach.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

"Pollution permits" are an example of which of the following methods of achieving our environmental goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  pricing mechanisms
B)  government subsidies
C)  a laissez-faire approach
D)  regulationsE) None of the above
F) A) and B) A

Question 10

Business has considered the environment to be

Accepted Answer

A)  a scarce commodity.
B)  free and nearly limitless.
C)  a limited supply.
D)  costly.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following is a drawback to the regulatory approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  regulation can take away an industry's incentive to do more than the minimum
B)  regulation is an incentive to an industry to do more than the minimum
C)  regulation does not apply to all equally
D)  does not require polluters to use the strongest most feasible means of pollution control.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following is true of factory farms?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are farms that produce large amounts of fruits and vegetables at low prices.
B)  Small production of meat where ecological concerns are paramount.
C)  Contrary to the critics, the animals in them rarely suffer.
D)  Have the largest and most devastating impact on animals.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

In consideration for the obligation to others

Accepted Answer

A)  we have no genuine moral obligations to future generations.
B)  future people have a right to be born.
C)  the U.S. uses more than its proportional share of the world's resources.
D)  environmental protection is always a static trade-off, with a fixed economic price to be paid for the gains we want.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Environmental protection is always a static trade-off, with a fixed economic price to be paid for the gains we want.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Is it a moral right or privilege for human beings to live in a clean environment?  Defend your answer.

Accepted Answer

It is both a moral right and a privilege for human beings to live in a clean environment.

From a moral perspective, every individual has the right to live in a healthy and safe environment. This includes access to clean air, water, and land. It is a fundamental human right to be able to live in a place that does not pose a threat to one's health and well-being. Additionally, a clean environment is essential for the preservation of biodiversity and the overall health of the planet, which in turn affects the quality of life for all living beings.

On the other hand, living in a clean environment can also be seen as a privilege. Not everyone has the opportunity to live in a clean and healthy environment, and those who do should recognize and appreciate this privilege. It is a responsibility for those who have the means and resources to maintain and protect the cleanliness of their surroundings, not only for their own benefit but for the benefit of future generations.

In conclusion, it is both a moral right and a privilege for human beings to live in a clean environment. It is a fundamental human right to have access to a healthy and safe environment, and it is a privilege to be able to contribute to the preservation and maintenance of that environment.

Question 16

Some environmental regulations (like forbidding the burning of coal in cities) benefit each and every one of us because the air we all breathe is cleaner. If a company ignores the regulation and burns coal, while others obey the regulation, then the company

Accepted Answer

A)  violates our right to a livable environment.
B)  is being a free-rider.
C)  benefits from externalities.
D)  creates an internality.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 17

Would you propose an incentive based program to challenge companies to reduce their environmental liability?  Explain in your own words an example of how this can be done.

Accepted Answer

Yes, I would propose an incentive-based ...

Question 18

Explain a cost-benefit analysis, and how is it relevant to environmental issues?

Accepted Answer

A cost-benefit analysis is a systematic ...

Question 19

Advocates of a "naturalistic ethic" believe that penguins are important only because people like them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

According to William F. Baxter, we ought to respect the "balance of nature" and "preserve the environment" even if doing so brings no benefit to human beings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: The Environment

The disparity between private industrial costs and public social costs is what economists call an "internality."

Correct Answer
verified
False

Which environmental statement is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Advocates of a naturalistic ethic contend that some natural objects are morally considerable in their own right, apart from human interests.

Correct Answer
verified

Tampering with the ecosystem always has injurious effects.

Correct Answer
verified

According to the anthropocentric (or human-oriented) ethic of Baxter and others,

Correct Answer
verified

An assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves

Correct Answer
verified

What's a "free rider"?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
A "free rider" is a term used in economi...
View Answer

Cost-benefit analysis

Correct Answer
verified

"Pollution permits" are an example of which of the following methods of achieving our environmental goals?

Correct Answer
verified
A

Business has considered the environment to be

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a drawback to the regulatory approach?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true of factory farms?

Correct Answer
verified

In consideration for the obligation to others

Correct Answer
verified

Environmental protection is always a static trade-off, with a fixed economic price to be paid for the gains we want.

Correct Answer
verified

Is it a moral right or privilege for human beings to live in a clean environment? Defend your answer.

Some environmental regulations (like forbidding the burning of coal in cities) benefit each and every one of us because the air we all breathe is cleaner. If a company ignores the regulation and burns coal, while others obey the regulation, then the company

Correct Answer
verified

Would you propose an incentive based program to challenge companies to reduce their environmental liability? Explain in your own words an example of how this can be done.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Yes, I would propose an incentive-based ...
View Answer

Explain a cost-benefit analysis, and how is it relevant to environmental issues?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
A cost-benefit analysis is a systematic ...
View Answer

Advocates of a "naturalistic ethic" believe that penguins are important only because people like them.

Correct Answer
verified

According to William F. Baxter, we ought to respect the "balance of nature" and "preserve the environment" even if doing so brings no benefit to human beings.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: The Environment

The disparity between private industrial costs and public social costs is what economists call an "internality."

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Which environmental statement is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Advocates of a naturalistic ethic contend that some natural objects are morally considerable in their own right, apart from human interests.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tampering with the ecosystem always has injurious effects.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the anthropocentric (or human-oriented) ethic of Baxter and others,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What's a "free rider"?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIA "free rider" is a term used in economi...View AnswerShow Answer

Cost-benefit analysis

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Pollution permits" are an example of which of the following methods of achieving our environmental goals?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Business has considered the environment to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a drawback to the regulatory approach?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of factory farms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In consideration for the obligation to others

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Environmental protection is always a static trade-off, with a fixed economic price to be paid for the gains we want.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Is it a moral right or privilege for human beings to live in a clean environment? Defend your answer.

Some environmental regulations (like forbidding the burning of coal in cities) benefit each and every one of us because the air we all breathe is cleaner. If a company ignores the regulation and burns coal, while others obey the regulation, then the company

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Would you propose an incentive based program to challenge companies to reduce their environmental liability? Explain in your own words an example of how this can be done.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIYes, I would propose an incentive-based ...View AnswerShow Answer

Explain a cost-benefit analysis, and how is it relevant to environmental issues?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIA cost-benefit analysis is a systematic ...View AnswerShow Answer

Advocates of a "naturalistic ethic" believe that penguins are important only because people like them.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to William F. Baxter, we ought to respect the "balance of nature" and "preserve the environment" even if doing so brings no benefit to human beings.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
False

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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
A "free rider" is a term used in economi...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Yes, I would propose an incentive-based ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
A cost-benefit analysis is a systematic ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified