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Learned helplessness is most closely associated with depression in ways that include


A) feelings of hopelessness.
B) a loss of appetite and sex drive.
C) feelings of being a failure.
D) all of these.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A student experiencing burnout in college usually


A) feels that his or her college workload is too heavy.
B) participates in many extracurricular activities.
C) spends a good deal of time with his or her friends.
D) exhibits all of these behaviors.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Choosing between your aunt's white chocolate raspberry cheesecake and your grandmother's banana pudding, both of which you love, would be a(n)__________ conflict.

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In reaction formation, individuals


A) openly express unacceptable impulses.
B) use daydreams or substitute activities to discharge their unconscious conflicts and motives.
C) engage in exaggerated behaviors that are the opposite of their true feelings.
D) justify their behavior by giving rational reasons for it.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Each evening before going to bed, Rachel tightens all the muscles in her feet, then voluntarily relaxes them. Then she tightens all the muscles in her legs, then voluntarily relaxes them. She does this all the way to her head. Rachel is practicing the technique of


A) stress inoculation.
B) progressive relaxation.
C) guided imagery.
D) meditation.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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During which stage of the general adaptation syndrome is the body better able to cope with the original stressor with its resistance to other stresses being lowered, such as when animals placed in extreme cold are more resistant to the cold, but more susceptible to infection?


A) alarm reaction
B) stage of resistance
C) maintenance stage
D) stage of resolution

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The application of cognitive and behavioral strategies to reduce stress and improve coping skills is called __________.

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Regarding stress management, which of the following statements is FALSE?


A) When you are "doing nothing," you are getting further behind and will be more stressed.
B) Disorganization creates stress.
C) Learning to let go of trivial but upsetting irritations decreases stress.
D) It is important to set gradual, achievable goals for yourself.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Feigned apathy and drug use are examples of which reaction to frustration?


A) psychological escape
B) displaced aggression
C) direct aggression
D) circumvention

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which perspective views diseases as being caused by a combination of several different factors and involves the person who is sick playing a role in fostering his or her own health rather than passively getting treatments from a doctor?


A) psychosomatic perspective
B) mind-body perspective
C) medical model
D) biopsychosocial model

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is NOT one of the major health-promoting behaviors listed in the text?


A) learn stress management and lower hostility
B) provide for periods of relaxation every day
C) minimize sun exposure
D) eat a high protein, low carbohydrate diet

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Traumatic stress, such as being in a natural disaster, tends to produce feelings of


A) frustration and conflict.
B) pressure and exhaustion.
C) conflict and vacillation.
D) helplessness and vulnerability.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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A high school senior choosing among all the different college majors would be an example of __________ conflicts.


A) approach-approach
B) approach-adaptation
C) avoidance-avoidance
D) multiple approach-avoidance

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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In order to cope with traumatic events, psychologists recommend that you do all of the following EXCEPT to


A) avoid others until you gain control of your emotions and are better able to cope with the aftereffects of the traumatic event.
B) give yourself time to heal; and remember that most people are more resilient than they think.
C) think about the skills that have helped you overcome adversity in the past and apply them to the present situation.
D) continue to do the things that you enjoy and that make life meaningful.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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You are on your way to school, and a car pulls out in front of you. Its driver then proceeds to drive 20 miles an hour, slowing down at every bump in the road. Your frustration would be classified as


A) external and social.
B) external and nonsocial.
C) internal and social.
D) external and personal.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Define learned helplessness, explain how one's attributions affect helplessness, and describe a technique for alleviating this condition.

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Answer will include that learned helples...

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Individuals use psychological defense mechanisms in order to


A) aid one's understanding of self.
B) prevent psychosomatic illnesses.
C) reduce depersonalization.
D) reduce anxiety.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Jack LaLanne, who made a successful career out of bodybuilding in spite of the fact that he was thin and sickly as a young man, and Helen Keller, who was blind and deaf but became an outstanding thinker and writer, would be examples of people who used which defense mechanism to overcome feelings of inferiority?


A) projection
B) rationalization
C) compensation
D) intellectualization

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following is a job-related condition in which a person experiences emotional exhaustion, cynicism or detachment, and feelings of reduced personal accomplishment?


A) pressure
B) burnout
C) conflict
D) frustration

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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After coming to the U.S., Ling-Chen learned English quickly and totally immersed herself in the American life. She prefers to be with her new American friends and is annoyed by her parents' continued ties to their native culture. Ling-Chen's pattern of acculturation would be classified as


A) integration.
B) separation.
C) assimilation.
D) marginalization.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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