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Exam 11: Human Development

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Question 81

Multiple Choice

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The tendency to focus on just one feature of a problem while neglecting other important aspects is referred to as

A) assimilation.
B) centration.
C) object impermanence.
D) reification.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Question 82

Multiple Choice

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The elementary school-age child who does well in school and who receives praise and support at home will develop what Erikson calls a sense of

A) industry.
B) superiority.
C) generativity.
D) trust.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Question 83

Multiple Choice

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During Erikson's crisis of autonomy versus shame and doubt, a child should begin to take some responsibility for his feeding and dressing.As a result, the child should gain a sense of self-sufficiency.This stage occurs from ____ years of age.

General changes in the timing of puberty have been observed in males but not in females.

Systematic problem-solving efforts are associated with individuals in the ____ stage of cognitive development.

The suggestion that the ____________________ cortex, characterised as the "executive control centre" of the brain, appears to be the last area of the brain to fully mature has been used as a possible explanation for why ____________________ behaviour peaks during adolescence.

The full-blown foetal alcohol syndrome is produced by

If a baby is born with a small head, heart defects, and retarded mental and motor development, the mother is MOST likely to have

Stage theories of development assume that

Briefly describe the basic tenets of Erikson's theory and describe his stages of childhood and adult personality development.

____________________ refers the acquisition of the norms and behaviours expected of people in a particular society.

A college student who is exploring different subjects and potential majors to help decide on a suitable career can be BEST considered to be in the identity status of

Eight-year-old Eric watches as you flatten one of two equal-sized balls of clay into a pancake.Eric says they both still have the same amount of clay.When he is asked how he knows that the ball and the pancake have the same amount of clay, he points out that the pancake could once again be rolled up into a ball, demonstrating that he

How do children develop special attachments to their mothers, according to John Bowlby?

Mandy takes her one-year-old son, Justin, to visit a day-care centre where she plans to enroll him.Justin eagerly explores the playroom as long as Mandy is present.When his mom leaves the room to fill out some forms, Justin becomes somewhat upset, but when Mandy returns, he quickly calms down.This is the type of interaction you might observe between a child and a parent who

According to Erik Erikson, the psychosocial crisis during the retirement years involves the tendency to dwell on the mistakes of the past which could lead to the development of ____________________.

Differing views on the course and nature of changes in personality across the lifespan illustrates which of the following unifying themes from your text?

Ruby is an active infant who appears to be somewhat high-strung, and who protests loudly every time her parents try to change her routine in any way.Using the temperament categories outlined by Thomas and Chess, Ruby would MOST likely be considered to have

Craig is two years old, and he likes to put on his own coat and shoes.However, his mother often becomes impatient waiting for him to get ready, and she usually finishes zipping his coat and tying his shoes for him.Based on Erikson's theory, it is likely that Craig will develop

Premature babies who survive are typically born during the