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What is the major distinction between the concepts of personality and lifestyle?

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β€’ Personality refers to a person's uniqu...

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Explain the three systems of Freud's personality theory.

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The three systems of Freud's personality...

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There are 6 categories listed in the Japan VALSβ„’ system. List and briefly describe each of the categories. In which of the six categories of the VALS2β„’ system would a college professor focused on gaining a high academic reputation belong?

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a. Integrators - active, inquisitive, tr...

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AIO surveys help measure ________.


A) personality
B) demographics
C) lifestyles
D) heavy users

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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________ uncovers consumer's associations between specific attributes and the general consequences.


A) List of values scale
B) Laddering
C) Means-end-chain model
D) Terminal value

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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Psychographics combines several factors in order to determine how the market is segmented. Which of the following combinations of types of factors is correct?


A) Anthropological, political and sociological
B) Psychological, experimental and sociological
C) Anthropological, psychological and sociological
D) Sociological, economic and cultural

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Psychographics use lifestyle profiles to target markets.

A) True
B) False

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Based on motivational research, which of the following consumption motives most likely explains a person's motivation to purchase gourmet foods, foreign cars, cigarette holders, or perfume?


A) security
B) eroticism
C) disalienation
D) individuality

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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According to Freudian theory, when a young child incorporates the beliefs and ethics of his parents into his own psyche, he is essentially building a superego.

A) True
B) False

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There is a growing number of websites and magazines catering for specialist interests. These reflect the spectrum of choices. In terms of lifestyle marketing how would you describe these websites and magazines?


A) Consumer target groups
B) Symbolic communities
C) Taste groups
D) Niches

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Instead of spending the weekend working on the research paper due at the end of next week, Andrew decided to spend the weekend going out with friends. According to Freudian theory, which system dominated in Adam's decision?


A) the id
B) the superego
C) the anti-ego
D) the ego

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Lifestyles are identified by a convergence of personality, product and setting.

A) True
B) False

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Lifestyle profiles look for items that differentiate between users and nonusers of a product.

A) True
B) False

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Marketers use results from AIO surveys to ________.


A) define target markets
B) create a new view of the market
C) position a product
D) all of the above

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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What did Freud mean when he said, "Sometimes a cigar is just a cigar"?

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In the Freudian system, much of a person...

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The process of learning values from other cultures is called ________.


A) enculturation
B) acculturation
C) core values
D) crescive norms

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Both Justin and Craig are business majors and live in the same dorm, but Justin's room looks like a Cabela's showroom, with fishing trophies and lures on the wall and pictures of fishing trips across the study desk, while Craig's room features posters of his favorite musical group and stacks of CDs. The difference between the two rooms reflects a difference in ________ between Justin and Craig.


A) motivational aptitudes
B) ego
C) brand awareness
D) lifestyle

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The superego is also known as the pleasure principle.

A) True
B) False

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When marketers define consumers by product usage they use the ________ rule.


A) 80/20
B) 20/80
C) 70/30
D) 30/70

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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In the 1950s, an approach called ________ research attempted to use Freudian ideas to understand the deeper meanings of products and advertisements.


A) psychic
B) archetype
C) motivational
D) lifestyle

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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