Question 1

Which term best describes rewarding successive approximations of a target behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   acquisition
B)   learning
C)   reinforcement
D)   shapingE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Name the four means of modifying behavior discussed in operant conditioning.

Accepted Answer

The four means of modifying be...

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a reflex?

Accepted Answer

A)   deciding that you want to be a parent
B)   jumping for joy when your favorite team wins a championship
C)   addressing your elders as "sir" or "ma'am" because that is how you were raised
D)   the pupil of your eye contracting in the presence of bright lightE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 4

What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience?

Accepted Answer

A)   conditioning
B)   instincts
C)   learning
D)   reflexesE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

What did John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner demonstrate with their studies of Little Albert?

Accepted Answer

A)   boys display fear differently from girls
B)   boys display more fear than girls
C)   emotion can be a conditioned response
D)   fear cannot be a conditioned responseE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Jemma wants to teach her son to say thank you. Every time he says thank you, Jemma praises him and gives him a hug. Which reinforcement schedule is this?

Accepted Answer

A)   continuous
B)   partial
C)   primary
D)   secondaryE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

________ reinforcers have innate reinforcing qualities.

Accepted Answer

A)   classical
B)   operant
C)   primary
D)   secondaryE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of vicarious reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)   Babs saw Martin receive a candy bar for completing his reading list. She is careful to complete her reading list because she saw Martin get a reward for doing it.
B)   Lana wants to receive a candy bar and she knows from reading the rulebook that she will receive one if she earns enough good behavior tokens.
C)   Park wants to avoid detention, so he follows the school rules and does not smoke on the playground.
D)   Ryan observes Cameron getting a time out for spitting out her toast. Because he saw his friend punished, he does not spit out his toast.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of instinct?

Accepted Answer

A)   baby turning its head to suckle when its cheek is stroked
B)   believing that nudity is wrong
C)   a teacher demonstrating algebra to students
D)   a toddler who is being toilet trained by her parents.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 10

Identify two ways in which instincts are different from reflexes.

Accepted Answer

Reflexes are a motor or neural reaction ...

Question 11

Gus receives a paycheck at the end of every week. Which reinforcement schedule is this?

Accepted Answer

A)   fixed interval
B)   fixed ratio
C)   variable interval
D)   variable ratioE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Dymesha watches her older sister do headstands. Dymesha falls over when she attempts to do a headstand herself. She watches her older sister more carefully, and she notices that her sister leans backward slightly to complete her headstand. Dymesha is then able to do headstands herself. Which type of learning is this?

Accepted Answer

A)   classical
B)   conditioning
C)   observational
D)   operantE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Which of the following experiments involves the use of operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)   blindfolding someone and timing him to see how long it takes him to estimate the size of a room
B)   determining how long it takes someone to learn how to fish if he is only allowed to watch other people fishing
C)   pairing a puff of air to the eye with seeing the color red in order to find out how many repetitions it will take for someone to blink when he sees the color red
D)   rewarding a child for finishing his oatmeal mush and counting how many times the child needs to be rewarded before he finishes his oatmeal voluntarilyE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

According to psychologist ________ classical conditioning is effective because of the ability of a person or animal to predict the relationship between the UCS and the CS.

Accepted Answer

A)   Koelling
B)   Rescorla
C)   Garcia
D)   ThorndikeE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Hideki tells a lie and is grounded. He does this several times, finally learning that his behavior (lying)  is associated with a consequence (being grounded) . Which kind of learning is this?

Accepted Answer

A)   classical conditioning
B)   imitation
C)   modeling
D)   operant conditioningE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

What is the main idea of social learning theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Behavior is motivated by the consequences we receive for the behavior: reinforcements and punishments.
B)   Fear is a conditioned response.
C)   Learning can occur when a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
D)   One can learn new behaviors by observing others.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Molly attempts to condition her puppy to greet her when she enters the house. She repeatedly pairs her entry to the house with a treat for the puppy. The puppy eventually acquires this ability, and Molly realizes how irritating it is for the puppy to run up to her every time she enters the house. She attempts to make the puppy stop, and eventually the puppy no longer feels motivated to greet her when she enters the house. The puppy no longer greeting her when she enters the house is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   acquisition
B)   conditioning
C)   extinction
D)   learningE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Tabetha has a mental picture of the layout of her house, also called a ________, so when she comes home late at night she can navigate through the rooms without turning on a light.

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive map
B)   fixed interval map
C)   fixed ratio map
D)   latent mapE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 19

After a hurricane warning came across the television, young Eli became terrified of the alarm sound that signaled a severe weather warning. Over the next few months he heard it several times when the "required monthly tests" came on the television, and his fear faded away. One day the alarm sounded and Eli jumped up and ran out of the room. This return of a previously extinguished response is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   second-level conditioning
B)   operant conditioning
C)   spontaneous recovery
D)   latent learningE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Define latent learning and provide a real life example.

Accepted Answer

Latent learning is learning that occurs,...

Exam 6: Sensation and Perception

________ reinforcers have innate reinforcing qualities.

Correct Answer
verified

Hideki tells a lie and is grounded. He does this several times, finally learning that his behavior (lying) is associated with a consequence (being grounded) . Which kind of learning is this?

Correct Answer
verified

Define latent learning and provide a real life example.

Correct Answer
verified
Latent learning is learning that occurs,...
View Answer

Which of the following is an example of instinct?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Gus receives a paycheck at the end of every week. Which reinforcement schedule is this?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of a reflex?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of vicarious reinforcement?

Correct Answer
verified

Which term best describes rewarding successive approximations of a target behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

According to psychologist ________ classical conditioning is effective because of the ability of a person or animal to predict the relationship between the UCS and the CS.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following experiments involves the use of operant conditioning?

Correct Answer
verified

Name the four means of modifying behavior discussed in operant conditioning.

Correct Answer
verified
The four means of modifying be...
View Answer

What did John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner demonstrate with their studies of Little Albert?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the main idea of social learning theory?

Correct Answer
verified

Identify two ways in which instincts are different from reflexes.

Correct Answer
verified
Reflexes are a motor or neural reaction ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Tabetha has a mental picture of the layout of her house, also called a ________, so when she comes home late at night she can navigate through the rooms without turning on a light.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience?

Correct Answer
verified

Jemma wants to teach her son to say thank you. Every time he says thank you, Jemma praises him and gives him a hug. Which reinforcement schedule is this?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Sensation and Perception

________ reinforcers have innate reinforcing qualities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hideki tells a lie and is grounded. He does this several times, finally learning that his behavior (lying) is associated with a consequence (being grounded) . Which kind of learning is this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define latent learning and provide a real life example.

Correct AnswerverifiedLatent learning is learning that occurs,...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of instinct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gus receives a paycheck at the end of every week. Which reinforcement schedule is this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of a reflex?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of vicarious reinforcement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which term best describes rewarding successive approximations of a target behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to psychologist ________ classical conditioning is effective because of the ability of a person or animal to predict the relationship between the UCS and the CS.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following experiments involves the use of operant conditioning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Name the four means of modifying behavior discussed in operant conditioning.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe four means of modifying be...View AnswerShow Answer

What did John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner demonstrate with their studies of Little Albert?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the main idea of social learning theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify two ways in which instincts are different from reflexes.

Correct AnswerverifiedReflexes are a motor or neural reaction ...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tabetha has a mental picture of the layout of her house, also called a ________, so when she comes home late at night she can navigate through the rooms without turning on a light.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jemma wants to teach her son to say thank you. Every time he says thank you, Jemma praises him and gives him a hug. Which reinforcement schedule is this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Latent learning is learning that occurs,...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The four means of modifying be...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Reflexes are a motor or neural reaction ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified