Question 1

Which of the following illustrations is not a structural isomer of an organic compound with the molecular formula C₆H₁₄? For clarity, only the carbon skeletons are shown; hydrogen atoms that would be attached to the carbons have been omitted.

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Research indicates that ibuprofen, a drug used to relieve inflammation and pain, is a mixture of two enantiomers; that is, molecules that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   have identical chemical formulas but differ in the branching of their carbon skeletons
B)   are mirror images of each other
C)   differ in the location of their double bonds
D)   differ in the arrangement of atoms around their double bondsE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Organic molecules with only hydrogens and five carbon atoms cannot ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   have a branching carbon skeleton
B)   have different combinations of double bonds between carbon atoms
C)   have different positions of double bonds between carbon atoms
D)   form enantiomersE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Testosterone and estradiol are male and female sex hormones, respectively, in many vertebrates. In what way(s) do these molecules differ from each other? Testosterone and estradiol ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   are structural isomers but have the same molecular formula
B)   are cis-trans isomers but have the same molecular formula
C)   have different functional groups attached to the same carbon skeleton
D)   are enantiomers of the same organic moleculeE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following molecules is polar?
C₃H₇OHC₂H₅COOH

Accepted Answer

A)   C₃H₇OH and C₂H₅COOH are both polar molecules.
B)   Neither C₂H₅COOH or C₃H₇OH is polar.
C)   C₂H₅COOH is polar, but C₃H₇OH is not polar.
D)   C₂H₅COOH is not polar, but C₃H₇OH is polar.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Why is carbon so important in biology?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a common element on Earth.
B)   It has very little electronegativity, making it a good electron donor.
C)   It bonds to only a few other elements.
D)   It can form a variety of carbon skeletons and host functional groups.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Use the figure to answer the question.

What is the name of the functional group shown in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)   carbonyl
B)   ketone
C)   aldehyde
D)   carboxylE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following carbon molecules does not have the bond angle of 109.5°?

Accepted Answer

A)   CH₄
B)   C₂H₄
C)   C₂H₆
D)   C₃H₈E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 9

How many electrons does one atom of carbon share to complete its valence shell?

Accepted Answer

A)   2
B)   3
C)   4
D)   8E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Differences among organisms are caused by differences in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   elemental composition from organism to organism
B)   types and relative amounts of organic molecules synthesized by each organism
C)   sizes of the organic molecules in each organism
D)   types of inorganic compounds present in each organismE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Use the figures to answer the question.

Which molecule has at least one carbon atom attached to three different chemical groups?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   D
D)   A and BE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Which of the following is true of carbon?

Accepted Answer

A)   It forms only polar molecules.
B)   It can form a maximum of three covalent bonds with other elements.
C)   It is highly electronegative.
D)   It can form both polar and nonpolar bonds.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Use the following figure to answer the question.

The figure shows the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules differ in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
B)   types of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
C)   arrangement of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
D)   number of oxygen atoms joined to carbon atoms by double covalent bondsE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Which of the functional groups is not reactive but serves as a recognizable tag on the DNA molecule and alter the expression of genes in the cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   amino
B)   methyl
C)   carboxyl
D)   hydroxylE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Some carbon skeletons have different numbers and locations of double bonds to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   add molecular complexity and diversity that characterize living matter
B)   be more flexible that makes the molecule stronger
C)   stay in its liquid state
D)   increase its solubility in waterE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 16

Use the figures to answer the question.

Which functional group shown can pick up protons and raise the pH of the surrounding solution?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   DE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Use the following figure to answer the question.

The two molecules shown in the figure are best described as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   enantiomers
B)   radioactive isotopes
C)   structural isomers
D)   cis-trans isomersE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

The element present in all organic molecules is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrogen
B)   oxygen
C)   carbon
D)   nitrogenE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Exam 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

Organic molecules with only hydrogens and five carbon atoms cannot ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Why is carbon so important in biology?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following molecules is polar? C₃H₇OHC₂H₅COOH

Correct Answer
verified

Research indicates that ibuprofen, a drug used to relieve inflammation and pain, is a mixture of two enantiomers; that is, molecules that ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Use the figure to answer the question. What is the name of the functional group shown in the figure?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the figures to answer the question. Which functional group shown can pick up protons and raise the pH of the surrounding solution?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the functional groups is not reactive but serves as a recognizable tag on the DNA molecule and alter the expression of genes in the cells.

Correct Answer
verified

Some carbon skeletons have different numbers and locations of double bonds to ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following illustrations is not a structural isomer of an organic compound with the molecular formula C₆H₁₄? For clarity, only the carbon skeletons are shown; hydrogen atoms that would be attached to the carbons have been omitted.

Correct Answer
verified

The element present in all organic molecules is ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following carbon molecules does not have the bond angle of 109.5°?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the question. The figure shows the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules differ in the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the question. The two molecules shown in the figure are best described as ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true of carbon?

Correct Answer
verified

Differences among organisms are caused by differences in the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

How many electrons does one atom of carbon share to complete its valence shell?

Correct Answer
verified

Testosterone and estradiol are male and female sex hormones, respectively, in many vertebrates. In what way(s) do these molecules differ from each other? Testosterone and estradiol ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Use the figures to answer the question. Which molecule has at least one carbon atom attached to three different chemical groups?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

Organic molecules with only hydrogens and five carbon atoms cannot ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is carbon so important in biology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following molecules is polar? C₃H₇OHC₂H₅COOH

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research indicates that ibuprofen, a drug used to relieve inflammation and pain, is a mixture of two enantiomers; that is, molecules that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the figure to answer the question. What is the name of the functional group shown in the figure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the figures to answer the question. Which functional group shown can pick up protons and raise the pH of the surrounding solution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the functional groups is not reactive but serves as a recognizable tag on the DNA molecule and alter the expression of genes in the cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some carbon skeletons have different numbers and locations of double bonds to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following illustrations is not a structural isomer of an organic compound with the molecular formula C₆H₁₄? For clarity, only the carbon skeletons are shown; hydrogen atoms that would be attached to the carbons have been omitted.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The element present in all organic molecules is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following carbon molecules does not have the bond angle of 109.5°?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the question. The figure shows the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules differ in the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the question. The two molecules shown in the figure are best described as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of carbon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Differences among organisms are caused by differences in the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many electrons does one atom of carbon share to complete its valence shell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Testosterone and estradiol are male and female sex hormones, respectively, in many vertebrates. In what way(s) do these molecules differ from each other? Testosterone and estradiol ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the figures to answer the question. Which molecule has at least one carbon atom attached to three different chemical groups?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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