Question 1

The loss of water from a plant by transpiration cools the leaf. Movement of water in transpiration requires both adhesion to the conducting walls and wood fibers of the plant and cohesion of the molecules to each other. A scientist wanted to increase the rate of transpiration of a crop species to extend its range into warmer climates. The scientist substituted a nonpolar solution with an atomic mass similar to that of water for hydrating the plants. What do you expect the scientist's data will indicate from this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)   The rate of transpiration will be the same for both water and the nonpolar substance.
B)   The rate of transpiration will be slightly lower with the nonpolar substance as the plant will not have evolved with the nonpolar compound.
C)   Transpiration rates will fall to zero as nonpolar compounds do not have the properties necessary for adhesion and cohesion.
D)   Transpiration rates will increase as nonpolar compounds undergo adhesion and cohesion with wood fibers more readily than water.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Why is a steam burn more severe than a hot water burn?

Accepted Answer

A)   Burns caused by liquids are always milder.
B)   Steam can penetrate into the skin.
C)   Steam contains more energy than water.
D)   Water evaporates and leaves the surface faster and helps in cooling.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Water molecules can form hydrogen bonds with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   compounds that have polar covalent bonds
B)   oils
C)   oxygen gas (O₂)  molecules
D)   chloride ionsE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

The molar mass of glucose is 180 grams per mole (g/mol) . Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a 1 M solution of glucose? In 0.8 liter (L) of water, dissolve ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   1 g of glucose, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L
B)   18 g of glucose, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L
C)   180 g of glucose, and then add 0.2 L more of water
D)   180 g of glucose, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 LE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

How would acidification of seawater affect marine organisms? Acidification of seawater would ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   increase dissolved carbonate concentrations and promote faster growth of corals and shell-building animals
B)   decrease dissolved carbonate concentrations and promote faster growth of corals and shell-building animals
C)   increase dissolved carbonate concentrations and hinder growth of corals and shell-building animals
D)   decrease dissolved carbonate concentrations and hinder growth of corals and shell-building animalsE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion are the properties of water molecules that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   increase when temperature increases
B)   increase when pH increases
C)   are a result of hydrogen bonding
D)   are a result of polar covalent bondingE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following can be attributed to water's high specific heat?

Accepted Answer

A)   Oil and water do not mix well.
B)   A lake heats up more slowly than the air around it.
C)   Ice floats on water.
D)   Sugar dissolves in hot tea faster than in iced tea.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Identical heat lamps are arranged to shine on two identical containers, one containing water and one methanol (wood alcohol) , so that each liquid absorbs the same amount of energy minute by minute. The covalent bonds of methanol molecules are nonpolar, so there are no hydrogen bonds among methanol molecules. Which of the following graphs correctly describes what will happen to the temperature of the water and the methanol?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is readily soluble in water, according to the equation CO₂ + H₂O ↔ H₂CO₃. Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) is a weak acid. If CO₂ is bubbled into a beaker containing pure, freshly distilled water, which of the following graphs correctly describes the results?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

A beaker contains 100 milliliters (mL) of NaOH solution at pH = 13. A technician carefully pours into the beaker 10 mL of HCl at pH = 1. Which of the following statements correctly describes the result of this mixing?

Accepted Answer

A)   The concentration of Na+ ions will rise.
B)   The pH of the beaker's contents will increase.
C)   The pH of the beaker's contents will be neutral.
D)   The pH of the beaker's contents will decrease.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

To act as an effective coolant in a car's radiator, a substance has to have the capacity to absorb a great deal of heat. You have a reference book with tables listing the physical properties of many liquids. In choosing a coolant for your car, which table would you check first?

Accepted Answer

A)   pH
B)   density at room temperature
C)   heat of vaporization
D)   specific heatE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 12

The partial negative charge at one end of a water molecule is attracted to the partial positive charge of another water molecule. What is this attraction called?

Accepted Answer

A)   a covalent bond
B)   a hydrogen bond
C)   an ionic bond
D)   a van der Waals interactionE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

A solution contains 0.0000001 (10⁻⁷) moles of hydrogen ions [H⁺] per liter. Which of the following best describes this solution?

Accepted Answer

A)   acidic: H⁺ acceptor
B)   basic: H⁺ acceptor
C)   acidic: H⁺ donor
D)   neutralE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Which of the following effects can occur because of the high surface tension of water?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lakes cannot freeze solid in winter, despite low temperatures.
B)   A raft spider can walk across the surface of a small pond.
C)   Organisms can resist temperature changes, although they give off heat due to chemical reactions.
D)   Sweat can evaporate from the skin, helping to keep people from overheating.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 15

When an ionic compound such as sodium chloride (NaCl) is placed in water, the component atoms of the NaCl crystal dissociate into individual sodium ions (Na⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻) . In contrast, the atoms of covalently bonded molecules (e.g., glucose, sucrose, glycerol) do not generally dissociate when placed in aqueous solution. Which of the following solutions would be expected to contain the greatest number of solute particles (molecules or ions) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   1 liter of 0.5 M NaCl
B)   1 liter of 1.0 M NaCl
C)   1 liter of 1.0 M glucose
D)   1 liter of 1.0 M NaCl and 1 liter of 1.0 M glucose will contain equal numbers of solute particles.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 3: Water and Life

A beaker contains 100 milliliters (mL) of NaOH solution at pH = 13. A technician carefully pours into the beaker 10 mL of HCl at pH = 1. Which of the following statements correctly describes the result of this mixing?

Correct Answer
verified

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is readily soluble in water, according to the equation CO₂ + H₂O ↔ H₂CO₃. Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) is a weak acid. If CO₂ is bubbled into a beaker containing pure, freshly distilled water, which of the following graphs correctly describes the results?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A solution contains 0.0000001 (10⁻⁷) moles of hydrogen ions [H⁺] per liter. Which of the following best describes this solution?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following effects can occur because of the high surface tension of water?

Correct Answer
verified

Cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion are the properties of water molecules that ________.

Correct Answer
verified

To act as an effective coolant in a car's radiator, a substance has to have the capacity to absorb a great deal of heat. You have a reference book with tables listing the physical properties of many liquids. In choosing a coolant for your car, which table would you check first?

Correct Answer
verified

How would acidification of seawater affect marine organisms? Acidification of seawater would ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Water molecules can form hydrogen bonds with ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following can be attributed to water's high specific heat?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Why is a steam burn more severe than a hot water burn?

Correct Answer
verified

The molar mass of glucose is 180 grams per mole (g/mol) . Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a 1 M solution of glucose? In 0.8 liter (L) of water, dissolve ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The partial negative charge at one end of a water molecule is attracted to the partial positive charge of another water molecule. What is this attraction called?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 3: Water and Life

A beaker contains 100 milliliters (mL) of NaOH solution at pH = 13. A technician carefully pours into the beaker 10 mL of HCl at pH = 1. Which of the following statements correctly describes the result of this mixing?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is readily soluble in water, according to the equation CO₂ + H₂O ↔ H₂CO₃. Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) is a weak acid. If CO₂ is bubbled into a beaker containing pure, freshly distilled water, which of the following graphs correctly describes the results?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A solution contains 0.0000001 (10⁻⁷) moles of hydrogen ions [H⁺] per liter. Which of the following best describes this solution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following effects can occur because of the high surface tension of water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion are the properties of water molecules that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To act as an effective coolant in a car's radiator, a substance has to have the capacity to absorb a great deal of heat. You have a reference book with tables listing the physical properties of many liquids. In choosing a coolant for your car, which table would you check first?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How would acidification of seawater affect marine organisms? Acidification of seawater would ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water molecules can form hydrogen bonds with ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following can be attributed to water's high specific heat?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is a steam burn more severe than a hot water burn?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The molar mass of glucose is 180 grams per mole (g/mol) . Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a 1 M solution of glucose? In 0.8 liter (L) of water, dissolve ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The partial negative charge at one end of a water molecule is attracted to the partial positive charge of another water molecule. What is this attraction called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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