Question 1

The ruling by a judge that a confession is inadmissible in court because it was coerced is:

Accepted Answer

A)   common.
B)   illegal.
C)   rare.
D)   poor.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Describe some common types of false confessions, likely reasons behind them, and typical police tactics that lead to a higher incidence of false confessions.

Accepted Answer

•People falsely confess when they are ti...

Question 3

After the publication of the Report on Lawlessness in Law Enforcement in 1931, legislative changes resulted in the move from _____ physical abuse to _____ forms of abuse.

Accepted Answer

A)   overt; covert
B)   covert; overt
C)   recorded; hidden
D)   hidden; recordedE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

According to the text, research on jurors' perceptions of confessions shows that:

Accepted Answer

A)   it is easy for jurors to discount or ignore a confession when told it is false.
B)   it is very difficult for jurors to discount a confession, even when told it is false.
C)   jurors can forget the confession if told by the judge that it is false.
D)   None of the above statements are true.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

According to studies, which form of evidence is the most incriminating one (likely to lead to a conviction) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Eyewitness testimony.
B)   Expert testimony.
C)   Confession.
D)   DNA analysis.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Between the 1930s and 1960s, an interrogator in the United States would be likely to use all of the following forms of coercion to elicit confessions, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   sleep deprivation.
B)   withholding toilet privileges.
C)   direct physical violence.
D)   isolation in a cold, dark cell.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Even though a _____ may rule that a confession is inadmissible because it was coerced, such rulings are _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   jury; common
B)   judge; common
C)   jury; rare
D)   judge; rareE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Hugo is interrogated alone and told repeatedly that his guilt is corroborated by both physical evidence and eyewitness accounts. This approach most likely embodies the following strategy that the police used during Hugo's interrogation:

Accepted Answer

A)   sense of loss of control and entitlement.
B)   autonomous perspective and certainty of guilt.
C)   social isolation and certainty of guilt.
D)   loss of control and autonomous perspective.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

In their studies, Lassiter and colleagues asked people to evaluate a confession from three camera angles: showing the suspect only, interrogator only, and both interrogator and suspect. It was found that:

Accepted Answer

A)   the camera angles had no effect on the evaluation of the confession's voluntariness.
B)   judges are immune to the camera-angle bias when evaluating confessions.
C)   in the equal-focus camera perspective, the confession was rated as much less coerced.
D)   in the suspect-only angle, the confession was rated as much less coerced.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

All of the following are possible explanations for why suspects waive their Miranda rights, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   the suspect may not understand his or her rights clearly.
B)   people are used to signing waivers of various kinds.
C)   police are very careful in explaining to suspects their rights.
D)   people do not want to create an impression they are guilty.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

In the United States, the following interrogation techniques are legal EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   telling the suspect that he will get a reduced sentence if he confesses to the crime.
B)   assembling a phony lineup and telling the suspect he was identified by a witness.
C)   holding the suspect in a cell without visitors or phone calls for 2 weeks.
D)   having a police informant pose as a cellmate and testify in court about the suspect.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Which one of the following statements about the video recording of interrogations is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)   Special contributor to the court.
B)   Expert witness.
C)   Crime scene investigator.
D)   Clinical researcher.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Confessions can be currently ruled inadmissible in the United States for the following reasons, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   lying by the police during interrogations.
B)   promises of lenient sentences.
C)   the use of physical force and threats of violence.
D)   sleep or food deprivation.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

According to the text, the current state of the criminal justice system in the United States makes all of the following very likely to happen, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   police lie to suspects to elicit a confession.
B)   suspects are likely to waive their Miranda rights.
C)   judges rarely rule a confession to be coerced and therefore inadmissible in court.
D)   juries can often determine if the confession resulted from psychological coercion.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 15

Jack was extremely uncomfortable with admitting to a crime against a minor so he kept denying any involvement. The interrogator has been very understanding and nice, and suggested that Jack had committed the crime without realizing the victim was a minor, since she looked so mature and acted like an adult. This situation illustrates a combination of which influence strategies inherent in the Reid technique?

Accepted Answer

A)   Loss of control and social isolation.
B)   Social isolation and certainty of guilt.
C)   Loss of control and minimization of culpability.
D)   Certainty of guilt and minimization of culpability.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Research by Kassin and his colleagues has shown that even when _____ had no problem recognizing that a confession was coerced, they still voted _____ more often.

Accepted Answer

A)   police; not guilty
B)   jurors; not guilty
C)   police; guilty
D)   jurors; guiltyE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

What was traditionally called "the third degree" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)   interrogation tactics that included direct physical violence.
B)   interrogation tactics that used purely psychological means of coercion.
C)   the good cop-bad cop approach.
D)   having three officers present during an interrogation.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Daniela was _____and she waived her Miranda rights during her arrest. She decided to tell the police her side of the story without waiting for an attorney. The most likely reason she did that is because she has _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   innocent; nothing to hide
B)   guilty; something to hide
C)   guilty; no reason to worry
D)   afraid; no reason to worryE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

The purpose of exculpatory scenarios is to:

Accepted Answer

A)   exclude various possible reasons for the crime to have been committed.
B)   increase the probability of a confession through offering a justification for the actions.
C)   reduce confusing circumstances, so an admission of guilt is less likely.
D)   maximize the importance of the suspect's reasons for committing the crime.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

In the United Kingdom, the Police and Criminal Evidence (PACE)  Act was enacted to make it illegal to trick suspects or to lie for the purpose of coercing suspects to confess. Studies show that _____ of pressure tactics and trickery, suspects are _____ likely to admit guilt.

Accepted Answer

A)   along with the decline; less
B)   despite the decline; just as
C)   despite the increase; more
D)   along with the increase; just asE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 2: Presents Several Potential Solutions to the Problem of False Confessions Which of the Following Is Not One of These Solutions

In the United States, the following interrogation techniques are legal EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
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In their studies, Lassiter and colleagues asked people to evaluate a confession from three camera angles: showing the suspect only, interrogator only, and both interrogator and suspect. It was found that:

Correct Answer
verified

After the publication of the Report on Lawlessness in Law Enforcement in 1931, legislative changes resulted in the move from _ physical abuse to _ forms of abuse.

Correct Answer
verified

Describe some common types of false confessions, likely reasons behind them, and typical police tactics that lead to a higher incidence of false confessions.

Correct Answer
verified
•People falsely confess when they are ti...
View Answer

Even though a _ may rule that a confession is inadmissible because it was coerced, such rulings are _.

Correct Answer
verified

The purpose of exculpatory scenarios is to:

Correct Answer
verified

In the United Kingdom, the Police and Criminal Evidence (PACE) Act was enacted to make it illegal to trick suspects or to lie for the purpose of coercing suspects to confess. Studies show that _ of pressure tactics and trickery, suspects are _ likely to admit guilt.

Correct Answer
verified

According to the text, research on jurors' perceptions of confessions shows that:

Correct Answer
verified

Daniela was _and she waived her Miranda rights during her arrest. She decided to tell the police her side of the story without waiting for an attorney. The most likely reason she did that is because she has _.

Correct Answer
verified

Between the 1930s and 1960s, an interrogator in the United States would be likely to use all of the following forms of coercion to elicit confessions, EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
verified

What was traditionally called "the third degree" refers to:

Correct Answer
verified

The ruling by a judge that a confession is inadmissible in court because it was coerced is:

Correct Answer
verified

Confessions can be currently ruled inadmissible in the United States for the following reasons, EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
verified

Research by Kassin and his colleagues has shown that even when _ had no problem recognizing that a confession was coerced, they still voted _ more often.

Correct Answer
verified

According to studies, which form of evidence is the most incriminating one (likely to lead to a conviction) ?

Correct Answer
verified

Hugo is interrogated alone and told repeatedly that his guilt is corroborated by both physical evidence and eyewitness accounts. This approach most likely embodies the following strategy that the police used during Hugo's interrogation:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following are possible explanations for why suspects waive their Miranda rights, EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
verified

According to the text, the current state of the criminal justice system in the United States makes all of the following very likely to happen, EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following statements about the video recording of interrogations is INCORRECT?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: Presents Several Potential Solutions to the Problem of False Confessions Which of the Following Is Not One of These Solutions

In the United States, the following interrogation techniques are legal EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In their studies, Lassiter and colleagues asked people to evaluate a confession from three camera angles: showing the suspect only, interrogator only, and both interrogator and suspect. It was found that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After the publication of the Report on Lawlessness in Law Enforcement in 1931, legislative changes resulted in the move from _____ physical abuse to _____ forms of abuse.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe some common types of false confessions, likely reasons behind them, and typical police tactics that lead to a higher incidence of false confessions.

Correct Answerverified•People falsely confess when they are ti...View AnswerShow Answer

Even though a _____ may rule that a confession is inadmissible because it was coerced, such rulings are _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The purpose of exculpatory scenarios is to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the United Kingdom, the Police and Criminal Evidence (PACE) Act was enacted to make it illegal to trick suspects or to lie for the purpose of coercing suspects to confess. Studies show that _____ of pressure tactics and trickery, suspects are _____ likely to admit guilt.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text, research on jurors' perceptions of confessions shows that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Daniela was _____and she waived her Miranda rights during her arrest. She decided to tell the police her side of the story without waiting for an attorney. The most likely reason she did that is because she has _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Between the 1930s and 1960s, an interrogator in the United States would be likely to use all of the following forms of coercion to elicit confessions, EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was traditionally called "the third degree" refers to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ruling by a judge that a confession is inadmissible in court because it was coerced is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Confessions can be currently ruled inadmissible in the United States for the following reasons, EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research by Kassin and his colleagues has shown that even when _____ had no problem recognizing that a confession was coerced, they still voted _____ more often.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to studies, which form of evidence is the most incriminating one (likely to lead to a conviction) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hugo is interrogated alone and told repeatedly that his guilt is corroborated by both physical evidence and eyewitness accounts. This approach most likely embodies the following strategy that the police used during Hugo's interrogation:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are possible explanations for why suspects waive their Miranda rights, EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text, the current state of the criminal justice system in the United States makes all of the following very likely to happen, EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements about the video recording of interrogations is INCORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

After the publication of the Report on Lawlessness in Law Enforcement in 1931, legislative changes resulted in the move from _ physical abuse to _ forms of abuse.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
•People falsely confess when they are ti...
View Answer

Even though a _ may rule that a confession is inadmissible because it was coerced, such rulings are _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In the United Kingdom, the Police and Criminal Evidence (PACE) Act was enacted to make it illegal to trick suspects or to lie for the purpose of coercing suspects to confess. Studies show that _ of pressure tactics and trickery, suspects are _ likely to admit guilt.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Daniela was _and she waived her Miranda rights during her arrest. She decided to tell the police her side of the story without waiting for an attorney. The most likely reason she did that is because she has _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Research by Kassin and his colleagues has shown that even when _ had no problem recognizing that a confession was coerced, they still voted _ more often.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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