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Exam 3: Quality and Performance

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Question 1

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Which one of the following statements about quality control is True?

A) Measurement by attributes is a simple yes or no decision.
B) Complete inspection is used when inspection cost is high.
C) Sampling inspection is used when the cost of passing a defective unit is high relative to the cost of inspection.
D) Measurement by variables is often used when the quality specifications are complex.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Question 2

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The 15-year-old car didn't dazzle students or members of the opposite sex, but it started every morning and evening and got the professor to his destination on time, thereby scoring high on the:

A) psychological impressions scale of quality.
B) fitness for use scale of quality.
C) support scale of quality.
D) bells and whistles scale of quality.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Question 3

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One of the principles that total quality management (TQM) stresses is customer satisfaction.

At which of the following steps will the cost of detecting product defects be the highest?

An example of an internal failure cost would be warranty cost.

Table 5.11 Factors for Calculating Three-Sigma Limits for the $\bar{x}$ Chart and R-Chart Source: 1950 ASTM Manual on Quality Control of Materials, copyright American Society for Testing Materials. Reprinted with permission. -Construct a 3-sigma R-chart for the length in centimeters of a part from the following table. What is the upper control limit of your R-chart?

Which of the following would be a "common" cause of variation?

A cost that is incurred if some aspect of a service must be performed again is called a(n) :

The management of a line that fills cereal boxes wants the box filled at 32.2 ounces. When the process is in control, the standard deviation is .1 ounces. a. Construct the upper and lower control limits for a 3-sigma x-bar chart using a sample size of five. b. The results from the last 10 samples follow. Is the process in control?

A laser eye surgery process has tolerances of plus or minus .001 inches. What does the process standard deviation need to be in order for this process to have a capability ratio of 1.33?

In acceptance sampling, the proportion defective that the buyer will allow in an incoming shipment is:

The defect rate for a product has historically been about 7.0%. What is the upper control chart limit if you wish to use a sample size of 20 and 3-sigma limits?

________ is an internal cost of quality incurred when a process step must be performed again or fixed before an item can be shipped.

A hotel tracks the number of complaints per month. When the process is in control, there is an average of 35 complaints per month. Assume that a 2-sigma control limit is used. What is the upper control limit?

A sampling plan is best for evaluating quality when: (1) Inspection costs are high (2) Inspection costs are low (3) Non-destructive testing is available (4) Destructive testing is required

A company is interested in monitoring the variability in the weight of the fertilizer bags it produces. An appropriate control chart would be:

Discuss the situations under which each of the following charts would be best: $\bar{x}$ chart, p-chart, and c-chart.

Improving quality seems to be a strategic weapon in gaining market share. However, improving quality entails allocation of resources and effort. As greater effort is expended to stop defects before they occur, which one of the following costs increases?

A laser surgery process has tolerances of plus or minus .01 inches. What does the process standard deviation need to be in order for this process to have a capability ratio of 1.00?

The Six Sigma five-step approach contains the elements define, measure, analyze, improve, and control.