Question 1

A volcanic neck can form by:

Accepted Answer

A)   erosion of the volcano, leaving behind the solidified conduit inside the volcano
B)   erosion of overlying rock layers exposing the conduit below the volcano
C)   both of theseD) A) and B)
E) All of the above

Question 2

Rock that has formed from cooling magma or lava is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Igneous rock
B)   Metamorphic rock
C)   Sedimentary rockD) All of the above
E) B) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of heat transfer by convection?

Accepted Answer

A)   water within a pan is heated and flows in a circular path
B)   seawater is drawn into a mid-ocean ridge, heated, and rises
C)   the rise of material beneath mid-ocean ridges coupled with subduction
D)   all of theseE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Columnar joints, like the ones shown in the photograph, are formed:

Accepted Answer

A)   when hot but solid igneous rock contracts
B)   when hot liquid igneous rock contracts
C)   when hot but solid igneous rock expands
D)   when hot liquid igneous rock expandsE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

The place in the crust or mantle where igneous rocks begin to form is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)   source area
B)   magma chamber
C)   intrusive area
D)   extrusive areaE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

What does this texture indicate about the formation of this rock?

Accepted Answer

A)   It formed from an explosive pyroclastic eruption.
B)   The rock solidified at great depth.
C)   The magma formed some crystals before rising closer to the surface and solidifying.
D)   The magma had abundant dissolved gas.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following rock types does NOT involve dissolved gas in the magma?

Accepted Answer

A)   tuff
B)   pumice
C)   scoria
D)   diorite
E)   vesicular basaltF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

Which of the following igneous rocks is NOT characteristic of mid-ocean ridges?

Accepted Answer

A)   finely crystalline rocks that formed in dikes
B)   gabbro that solidified in a magma chamber
C)   pillow basalt
D)   andesite and granodioriteE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following was NOT involved in forming magmas of the main batholith?

Accepted Answer

A)   subduction beneath western North America
B)   water that caused partial melting of hot mantle
C)   partial melting of continental crust
D)   solidification of magma below the surface
E)   recent normal faulting along the east side of the batholithF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Which of the following can occur within a magma chamber?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sinking or floating crystals may change the composition of the remaining magma.
B)   Wall rocks can melt and become incorporated into the magma.
C)   If two magmas mix, the resulting magma would be between the compositions of the two magmas.
D)   All of these.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 11

Which of the sites shown in this figure have decompression melting in an oceanic setting?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   all of the locations shown
E)   locations A and B onlyF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

What does the texture of this rock indicate about its cooling history? The magma cooled:

Accepted Answer

A)   entirely at the surface
B)   for a while at some depth and then rose to the surface where it finished solidifying
C)   slowly under relatively deep conditions
D)   slowly and underwaterE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following rock photographs depicts an igneous rock that trapped gas?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 14

What texture is displayed by the igneous rock in this photograph?

Accepted Answer

A)   vesicles
B)   breccia
C)   porphyritic
D)   glassy
E)   none of theseF) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 15

Rocks of the continental crust contain different minerals and each mineral has its own melting point. If the minerals with the lowest melting temperatures are the only ones melted, this is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   partial melting
B)   complete melting
C)   temporary melting
D)   subductive meltingE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 16

A coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of feldspar and quartz is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   Granite
B)   Ryholite
C)   Basalt
D)   Gabbro
E)   AndesiteF) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following are processes that can occur in large magma chambers?

Accepted Answer

A)   Crystals that form may sink or rise in the chamber.
B)   A partially crystallized magma could be heated by a new, hotter magma entering the chamber.
C)   Magma may partially melt the chamber's rock walls, forming a new magma composition.
D)   All of theseE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a way that magma can lose heat to begin solidifying?

Accepted Answer

A)   conduction to surrounding solid rocks
B)   loss of thermal energy to the air and water
C)   water that is heated and circulated near the magma
D)   an increase in the rate of radioactive decayE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

Mt. Taylor in the diagram has a partial volcanic neck exposed. Which type of volcanic neck is being shown?

Accepted Answer

A)   beneath a volcano
B)   above a volcano
C)   with a volcanoD) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 20

Which of the letters shown on this figure would most likely be over magma related to decompression melting?

Accepted Answer

A)   A and B
B)   A, B, and C
C)   B, C, and D
D)   C, D, and E
E)   D and EF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Exam 5: Igneous Environments

What texture is displayed by the igneous rock in this photograph?

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Which of the sites shown in this figure have decompression melting in an oceanic setting?

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What does the texture of this rock indicate about its cooling history? The magma cooled:

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Rocks of the continental crust contain different minerals and each mineral has its own melting point. If the minerals with the lowest melting temperatures are the only ones melted, this is referred to as:

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Which of the following rock photographs depicts an igneous rock that trapped gas?

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Which of the following was NOT involved in forming magmas of the main batholith?

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Which of the following rock types does NOT involve dissolved gas in the magma?

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A volcanic neck can form by:

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Which of the following is an example of heat transfer by convection?

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The place in the crust or mantle where igneous rocks begin to form is called the:

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Columnar joints, like the ones shown in the photograph, are formed:

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Which of the following is NOT a way that magma can lose heat to begin solidifying?

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Which of the following are processes that can occur in large magma chambers?

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A coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of feldspar and quartz is called:

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Mt. Taylor in the diagram has a partial volcanic neck exposed. Which type of volcanic neck is being shown?

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Which of the letters shown on this figure would most likely be over magma related to decompression melting?

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Which of the following can occur within a magma chamber?

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Which of the following igneous rocks is NOT characteristic of mid-ocean ridges?

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What does this texture indicate about the formation of this rock?

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Rock that has formed from cooling magma or lava is:

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