Question 1

Which task was designed as a laboratory version of the real-world cocktail party problem?

Accepted Answer

A)   inattentional blindness
B)   dichotic listening
C)   binding problem
D)   rapid serial visual presentationE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Which statement states that conjunction search requires more effort than feature search?

Accepted Answer

A)   In a conjunction search, a person has to gaze and remain constantly focused at the center of a display consisting of randomly arranged stationary items.
B)   In a conjunction search, a person has to look for a feature that differs from all the other items in the display.
C)   In a conjunction search, the observer needs to direct attention to one item at a time, sequentially.
D)   In a conjunction search, the response time is fast, and it increases as the number of items increases.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

In the context of the critical trial of inattentional blindness conducted by Mack and Rock (1998) , the participants who stated which arm of the cross was longer were asked if they had seen anything in the display other than the large cross. Between 60 percent and 80 percent of the participants indicated that they:

Accepted Answer

A)   did not see the critical stimulus.
B)   saw a small shape unexpectedly appear at the fixation point.
C)   could not accurately judge the lengths of the arms.
D)   did not hear the message in the unattended ear.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Describe the response of a V4 neuron whose receptive field is occupied by an effective and ineffective stimulus when attention is directed to (1) the effective stimulus, (2) the ineffective stimulus, and (3) neither stimulus.

Accepted Answer

Based on work by Reynolds et al. (1999),...

Question 5

In the context of attention to locations, Posner et al. (1978)  used a technique with valid, invalid, and neutral cues and found that response time was fastest with valid cues. This technique is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   attentional cuing.
B)   attebtional capture.
C)   selective attention.
D)   shadowing.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 6

Explain how the Necker cube can be used to explain perceptual bistability.

Accepted Answer

In perceptual bistability, the retinal i...

Question 7

According to the philosopher David Chalmers, which question refers to "the hard problem" of consciousness?

Accepted Answer

A)   How does the brain process color in a visual scene?
B)   How do the neurons in the brain produce an awareness of objects?
C)   How do we know one object is farther away than another?
D)   How are people able to shift their focus of attention?E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Colin Cherry coined the term _____ to describe the challenge of comprehending speech in a real-world noisy environment.

Accepted Answer

A)   attentional blink
B)   perceptual bistability
C)   binding problem
D)   cocktail party problemE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

The difference in speed and efficiency between top-down and bottom-up attentional control was assessed in an experiment conducted by Jonides and Yantis (1988) . The experiment examined how the abrupt onset of a visual stimulus captures attention. The research showed that the response time for participants who searched through an array of letters for a target letter increased with the number of letters to be searched when the target:

Accepted Answer

A)   appeared on the side where the eyes were pointed.
B)   appeared randomly and equally often on the left or right side of a display.
C)   was the abrupt-onset item, regardless of the display size.
D)   was either absent from the display, or it was not an abrupt-onset item.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

How would you explain the typical finding that for a conjunction search, the target-absent response times are approximately twice as slow as the target-present response times (i.e., for any given number of display items)?

Accepted Answer

(This problem combines logic and knowled...

Question 11

According to the study of inattentional blindness conducted by Mack and Rock (1998) , when the participants were told to ignore the large cross and just report if they saw anything else appear in the display: _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   almost everyone reported that they did not see any other shape.
B)   almost everyone reported that they saw the critical stimulus.
C)   everyone accurately judged the lengths of the arms.
D)   almost everyone reported the content of the message in the unattended ear.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 9: Attention and Awareness

According to the study of inattentional blindness conducted by Mack and Rock (1998) , when the participants were told to ignore the large cross and just report if they saw anything else appear in the display: _____.

Correct Answer
verified

Colin Cherry coined the term _____ to describe the challenge of comprehending speech in a real-world noisy environment.

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the response of a V4 neuron whose receptive field is occupied by an effective and ineffective stimulus when attention is directed to (1) the effective stimulus, (2) the ineffective stimulus, and (3) neither stimulus.

Correct Answer
verified
Based on work by Reynolds et al. (1999),...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Explain how the Necker cube can be used to explain perceptual bistability.

Correct Answer
verified
In perceptual bistability, the retinal i...
View Answer

In the context of attention to locations, Posner et al. (1978) used a technique with valid, invalid, and neutral cues and found that response time was fastest with valid cues. This technique is called:

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement states that conjunction search requires more effort than feature search?

Correct Answer
verified

Which task was designed as a laboratory version of the real-world cocktail party problem?

Correct Answer
verified

How would you explain the typical finding that for a conjunction search, the target-absent response times are approximately twice as slow as the target-present response times (i.e., for any given number of display items)?

Correct Answer
verified
(This problem combines logic and knowled...
View Answer

According to the philosopher David Chalmers, which question refers to "the hard problem" of consciousness?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 9: Attention and Awareness

According to the study of inattentional blindness conducted by Mack and Rock (1998) , when the participants were told to ignore the large cross and just report if they saw anything else appear in the display: _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Colin Cherry coined the term _____ to describe the challenge of comprehending speech in a real-world noisy environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the response of a V4 neuron whose receptive field is occupied by an effective and ineffective stimulus when attention is directed to (1) the effective stimulus, (2) the ineffective stimulus, and (3) neither stimulus.

Correct AnswerverifiedBased on work by Reynolds et al. (1999),...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain how the Necker cube can be used to explain perceptual bistability.

Correct AnswerverifiedIn perceptual bistability, the retinal i...View AnswerShow Answer

In the context of attention to locations, Posner et al. (1978) used a technique with valid, invalid, and neutral cues and found that response time was fastest with valid cues. This technique is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement states that conjunction search requires more effort than feature search?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which task was designed as a laboratory version of the real-world cocktail party problem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How would you explain the typical finding that for a conjunction search, the target-absent response times are approximately twice as slow as the target-present response times (i.e., for any given number of display items)?

Correct Answerverified(This problem combines logic and knowled...View AnswerShow Answer

According to the philosopher David Chalmers, which question refers to "the hard problem" of consciousness?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Based on work by Reynolds et al. (1999),...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
In perceptual bistability, the retinal i...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
(This problem combines logic and knowled...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified