Question 1

Which of the following statements about helper T cells is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)   They can be distinguished from other T lymphocytes by the presence of certain glycoproteins.
B)   They function in conjunction with B cells.
C)   They secrete messenger proteins called perforins.
D)   There are two types: TH1 and TH2.
E)   They are destroyed in HIV- infected individuals.F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

Which of the following characteristics would NOT make a molecule more antigenic?

Accepted Answer

A)   a molecule with many epitopes
B)   a molecular mass less than 5000 daltons
C)   a stable molecule that maintains a definite shape
D)   a complex molecule with many antigenic determinants
E)   complex molecules like a glycoprotein or phospholipidF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

The Fc portion of an antibody is formed by

Accepted Answer

A)   the lower portions of the heavy chains.
B)   one light chain and one heavy chain.
C)   the upper portions of the light chains.
D)   the upper portions of the heavy chains.
E)   the lower portions of the light chains.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

Major histocompatibility antigens are

Accepted Answer

A)   glycoproteins found on the surface of most vertebrate animals.
B)   antigens that provoke allergic reactions.
C)   antigens attached to foreign invaders.
D)   not really antigens, but rather antibodies produced to mask foreign antigens.
E)   antigens that must be processed by cells called histiocytes in order to be recognized by the immune system.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

All of the following are true of lymph EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   It flows toward the heart.
B)   It has no unique pump.
C)   Lymphocytes and antibodies flow through the lymph.
D)   It comes from fluid that has leaked out of blood vessels.
E)   It contains wastes such as degraded proteins and toxins.F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

Describe the mechanisms of action of antibodies.

Accepted Answer

Antibodies act against foreign antigens ...

Question 7

Clonal deletion removes lymphocytes that react to .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Clonal deletion removes lymphocytes that react to...

Question 8

The type of immunoglobulin produced during the initial stages of an immune response is

Accepted Answer

A)   IgD.
B)   IgM.
C)   IgE.
D)   IgA.
E)   IgG.F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 9

Discuss the basic structure of the antibody molecule.

Accepted Answer

The antibody molecule is composed of fou...

Question 10

Enhanced immune responses to subsequent exposures to an antigen to which the body has already been exposed are known as

Accepted Answer

A)   autoimmune responses.
B)   primary immune responses.
C)   allergic responses.
D)   third- degree immune responses.
E)   memory responses.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT considered a function of an antibody?

Accepted Answer

A)   They can bind two microbial cells together, leading to agglutination.
B)   They can enhance phagocytosis.
C)   They can produce toxins that directly kill bacteria.
D)   They can block the attachment molecules on the surface of bacteria and viruses in order to prevent them from attaching to their target cells.
E)   They can bind to crucial parts of toxins and deactivate them.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 12

IgM is the most common class of antibodies in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Cytokines are soluble regulatory proteins that act as intercellular signals and include substances such as interleukins, interferon, and growth factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Peyer's patches are found in the

Accepted Answer

A)   mammary glands.
B)   spleen.
C)   tonsils.
D)   small intestine.
E)   respiratory tract.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

When a T cell and an antigen- presenting cell interact, a specialized contact called a(n) _ forms between them.

Accepted Answer

immunologi...

Question 16

Secretory IgA and the IgA in the blood have the same chemical composition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Class II MHC (major histocompatibility)  antigens are only found on

Accepted Answer

A)   muscle.
B)   red blood cells.
C)   lymphocytes and antigen- presenting cells.
D)   nucleated cell membranes.
E)   the skin.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following statements concerning T- independent responses is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are slow responses.
B)   Cytokines are required for their success.
C)   T- independent antigens produce extensive cross- linking between BCRs.
D)   They can involve Toll- like receptors on B cells.
E)   They are weak and disappear quickly.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

The MALT lacks the tough outer capsule of a lymph node, but functions in the same way.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The immunological synapse refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)   binding of a monocyte or macrophage to the antigen so that it can act as an antigen- presenting cell.
B)   interaction of the many cytokines produced by different immunological cells.
C)   interaction between a T cell and an antigen- presenting cell to produce a specialized contact area for communication between these cells.
D)   interaction between lymphocytes and foreign antigens to produce memory cells.
E)   activation of a B cell to become a plasma cell.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Exam 16: Adaptive Immunity

Which of the following characteristics would NOT make a molecule more antigenic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

IgM is the most common class of antibodies in the blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Clonal deletion removes lymphocytes that react to .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about helper T cells is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the basic structure of the antibody molecule.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe antibody molecule is composed of fou...View AnswerShow Answer

Secretory IgA and the IgA in the blood have the same chemical composition.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cytokines are soluble regulatory proteins that act as intercellular signals and include substances such as interleukins, interferon, and growth factors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The MALT lacks the tough outer capsule of a lymph node, but functions in the same way.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The immunological synapse refers to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Major histocompatibility antigens are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a T cell and an antigen- presenting cell interact, a specialized contact called a(n) _ forms between them.

Correct Answerverifiedimmunologi...View AnswerShow Answer

All of the following are true of lymph EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Peyer's patches are found in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT considered a function of an antibody?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The type of immunoglobulin produced during the initial stages of an immune response is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the mechanisms of action of antibodies.

Correct AnswerverifiedAntibodies act against foreign antigens ...View AnswerShow Answer

Class II MHC (major histocompatibility) antigens are only found on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements concerning T- independent responses is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Enhanced immune responses to subsequent exposures to an antigen to which the body has already been exposed are known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Fc portion of an antibody is formed by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The antibody molecule is composed of fou...
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immunologi...
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Antibodies act against foreign antigens ...
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Correct Answer
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