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Exam 15: Thermodynamics

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Question 21

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What is the net amount of work done after one complete cycle?

A) zero joules
B) 20 J
C) 40 J
D) 1000 J
E) 1340 J

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Question 22

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One mole of a monatomic gas at 433 K is reversibly taken to half of its original volume by an isobaric process.How much work is done by the gas?

A) +1800 J
B) -1800 J
C) +3600 J
D) -3600 J
E) -8400 J

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Question 23

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15-4 Two moles of an ideal gas have an initial Kelvin temperature T_i and absolute pressure P_i.The gas undergoes a reversible isothermal compression from an initial volume V_i to a final volume 0.5V_i. -What is the change in entropy of the sample?

A container is divided into two chambers that are separated by a valve.The left chamber contains one mole of a monatomic ideal gas.The right chamber is evacuated.At some instant, the valve is opened and the gas rushes freely into the right chamber.Which one of the following statements concerning this process is true?

Complete the following statement: Walls that separate a system from its surroundings and permit heat to flow through them are called

15-1 5.00 kg of liquid water is heated to 100.0 °C in a closed system.At this temperature, the density of liquid water is 958 kg/m³.The pressure is maintained at atmospheric pressure of 1.01 × 10⁵ Pa.A moveable piston of negligible weight rests on the surface of the water.The water is then converted to steam by adding an additional amount of heat to the system.When all of the water is converted, the final volume of the steam is 8.50 m³.The latent heat of vaporization of water is 2.26 × 10⁶ J/kg. -Neon is a monatomic gas with a molar heat capacity at constant volume of 12.66 J/(mol · K) .Two moles of neon gas enclosed in a constant volume system receive 4250 J of heat.If the gas was initially at 293 K, what is the final temperature of the neon?

An ideal monatomic gas undergoes an adiabatic process; and its internal energy decreases by 50 J.Which pair of choices below is correct for this process? work done heat exchanged

15-3 An ideal monatomic gas expands isobarically from state A to state B.It is then compressed isothermally from state B to state C and finally cooled at constant volume until it returns to its initial state A. -How much work is done by the gas in expanding isobarically from A to B?

A paddle wheel frictionally adds thermal energy to 4.0 moles of an ideal monatomic gas in a sealed insulated container.The paddle wheel is driven by a cord connected to a falling object as shown in the drawing.How far has the 5.0-kg object fallen when the temperature of the gas increases by 7.50 K?

A fixed amount of ideal gas is compressed adiabatically.Which entry in the table below correctly indicates the sign of the work done, the change in the internal energy, and the heat exchanged with the environment? work done change in internal energy heat exchanged

15-2 An ideal monatomic gas originally in state A is taken reversibly to state B along the straight-line path shown in the pressure-volume graph. -What is the change in the internal energy, in calories, of the gas for this process?

15-6 A container holding 1.2 kg of water at 20.0 °C is placed in a freezer that is kept at -20.0 °C.The water freezes and comes into thermal equilibrium with the interior of the freezer. -How much heat is extracted from the water in this process?

In an isothermal process, 1.59 moles of an ideal gas is compressed to one-fifth of its initial volume at 285 K.What quantity of heat is added to, or removed from, the system during this process?

A match ignites within in an oxygen-filled cylinder that has a movable piston.The piston is moved so quickly that no heat escapes.What kind of change is demonstrated in this process?

15-1 5.00 kg of liquid water is heated to 100.0 °C in a closed system.At this temperature, the density of liquid water is 958 kg/m³.The pressure is maintained at atmospheric pressure of 1.01 × 10⁵ Pa.A moveable piston of negligible weight rests on the surface of the water.The water is then converted to steam by adding an additional amount of heat to the system.When all of the water is converted, the final volume of the steam is 8.50 m³.The latent heat of vaporization of water is 2.26 × 10⁶ J/kg. -Heat is added to a sample of an ideal monatomic gas.Which one of the following statements is necessarily true?

15-6 A container holding 1.2 kg of water at 20.0 °C is placed in a freezer that is kept at -20.0 °C.The water freezes and comes into thermal equilibrium with the interior of the freezer. -Which one of the following processes represents a decrease in entropy?

15-6 A container holding 1.2 kg of water at 20.0 °C is placed in a freezer that is kept at -20.0 °C.The water freezes and comes into thermal equilibrium with the interior of the freezer. -In which one of these processes will there be no net change in the entropy of the system?

During one stage of a reversible process, the temperature of an ideal gas remains constant as its volume is decreased.Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is true?

Which one of the following statements is true concerning the ratio of the molar heat capacities C_p/C_v for an ideal gas?

A Carnot engine operates between hot and cold reservoirs with temperatures 527 °C and -73.0 °C, respectively.If the engine performs 1000.0 J of work per cycle, how much heat is extracted per cycle from the hot reservoir?