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Our Sun will eventually become a nova.

A) True
B) False

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High- precision observations by the Hubble Space Telescope have revealed what as- yet unexplained phenomenon in globular clusters?

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There appear to be three distinct main s...

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Elements heavier than iron are formed mainly in supernovae.

A) True
B) False

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Which of these evolutionary paths is the fate of our Sun?


A) supernova of Type II
B) nova
C) planetary nebula
D) brown dwarf
E) supernova of Type I

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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What element are white dwarfs made of? Why?

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White dwarfs consist mainly of...

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A typical star burns helium for about the same amount of time it burns hydrogen.

A) True
B) False

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Can a star become a red giant more than once?


A) no, or we would see them as the majority of naked- eye stars
B) no, it will lose so much mass as to cross the Chandrasekhar Limit
C) yes, before and after the helium flash
D) yes, before and after the Type II supernova event
E) no, the planetary nebula blows off all the outer shells completely

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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White dwarfs were once the cores of stars that produced planetary nebulae.

A) True
B) False

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Novae are more closely related to Type II than to Type I supernovae.

A) True
B) False

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Our Sun will likely die as a Type I supernova in about five billion years.

A) True
B) False

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The helium flash stage lasts several thousand years.

A) True
B) False

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The track is the path the star takes on the H- R diagram as it ages.

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Why do blue stragglers stand out in globular clusters?

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They are much bluer and apparently young...

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Which of these does NOT depend on a close binary system to occur?


A) a Type II supernova
B) a nova
C) a Type I supernova
D) All of these need mass transfer to occur.
E) None of these depends on mass transfer.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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What was most surprising about SN1987A?


A) It did not produce the flood of neutrinos our models had led us to expect.
B) The parent star was a blue supergiant, much like Deneb or Rigel.
C) The supernova was luminous enough to see with the naked eye.
D) Its pulsar appeared within weeks of the explosion.
E) The supernova was not even in our own Galaxy.

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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Rather than an explosive death, the Sun will likely end its life forming a(n) surrounding a(n) .

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planetary ...

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Black dwarfs are


A) very common, making up the majority of the dark matter in the universe.
B) often made from very low mass protostars that never fuse hydrogen.
C) rare, for few binary systems are close enough for this merger to happen.
D) rare, for collapsing cores of over three solar masses are uncommon.
E) not found yet; the oldest, coldest white dwarf in the Galaxy has not cooled enough yet.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Which is used observationally to determine the age of a star cluster?


A) the total number of main- sequence stars
B) the amount of dust that lies around the cluster
C) the ratio of giants to supergiants
D) the luminosity of the main- sequence turn- off point
E) the number of white dwarfs

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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Stars of type should last about ten billion years on the main sequence.

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Why can we say a star spends its life trying to maintain equilibrium?

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A star is only stable when the...

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