Question 1

All of the following are methods of avoiding host antibodies except

Accepted Answer

A)   Invasims.
B)   Membrane- disrupting toxins.
C)   Antigenic change.
D)   IgA protease.
E)   None of the aboveF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following is not true of staphylococcal enterotoxin?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is an exotoxin.
B)   It causes vomiting.
C)   It is produced by Staphylococcus aureus growing in the host's intestines.
D)   It causes diarrhea.
E)   None of the above.F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following is not a cytopathic effect of viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)   Inclusion bodies form in the cytoplasm or nucleus
B)   Cell death
C)   Increased cell growth
D)   Host cells fuse to form multinucleated syncytia
E)   None of the aboveF) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

A needlestick is an example of which portal of entry?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mucous membranes
B)   Skin
C)   Parenteral route
D)   All of the above
E)   None of the aboveF) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

Which of the following diseases is not usually contracted by the respiratory route?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tuberculosis
B)   Infectious hepatitis
C)   Pneumonia
D)   Measles
E)   None of the aboveF) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 6

Lysogenic bacteriophages contribute to bacterial virulence because bacteriophages

Accepted Answer

A)   Give new gene sequences to the host bacteria.
B)   Kill the bacteria causing release of endotoxins.
C)   Carry plasmids.
D)   Produce toxins.
E)   All of the above.F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

Most pathogens that gain access through the skin

Accepted Answer

A)   Must adhere first while their invasive factors allow them to penetrate.
B)   Must be injected.
C)   Can penetrate intact skin.
D)   Enter through hair follicles and sweat ducts.
E)   Just infect the skin itself.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

Septic shock due to gram- positive bacteria is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   Superantigens.
B)   Membrane- disrupting toxins.
C)   Lipid A.
D)   A- B toxins.
E)   All of the above.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Botulism is caused by an exotoxin, therefore it could easily be prevented by

Accepted Answer

A)   Not eating canned food.
B)   Preventing fecal contamination of food.
C)   Boiling food prior to consumption.
D)   Administering antibiotics to patients.
E)   None of the above.F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 10

Symptoms of protozoan and helminthic diseases are due to

Accepted Answer

A)   Tissue damage due to growth of the parasite on the tissues.
B)   Products released from damaged tissues.
C)   Waste products excreted by the parasite.
D)   All of the above.
E)   None of the above.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   Kinase destroys fibrin clots.
B)   Coagulase destroys blood clots.
C)   Hemolysins lyse red blood cells.
D)   Leukocidins destroy neutrophils.
E)   Hyaluronidase breaks down substances between cells.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following does not contribute to the symptoms of a fungal disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   Capsules
B)   Toxins
C)   Cell walls
D)   Allergic response of the host
E)   None of the aboveF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following cytopathic effects is cytocidal?

Accepted Answer

A)   Transformation
B)   Antigenic changes
C)   Giant cells
D)   Release of enzymes from lysosomes
E)   Inclusion bodiesF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

The mechanism by which gram- negative bacteria can cross the blood- brain barrier.

Accepted Answer

A)   Producing toxins
B)   Producing fimbriae
C)   Inducing endocytosis
D)   Inducing TNF
E)   All of the aboveF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 15

Antibiotics can lead to septic shock if used to treat

Accepted Answer

A)   Gram- negative bacterial infections.
B)   Viral infections.
C)   Helminth infestations.
D)   Protozoan infections.
E)   Gram- positive bacterial infections.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

Endotoxins in injectable drugs could cause

Accepted Answer

A)   Nerve damage.
B)   Giant cell formation.
C)   Septic shock.
D)   Infection.
E)   All of the above.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 17

The ID50 is a

Accepted Answer

A)   Dose that will kill some of the test population.
B)   Dose that will kill 50% of the test population.
C)   Measure of pathogenicity.
D)   Dose that will cause an infection in some of the test population.
E)   Dose that will cause an infection in 50% of the test population.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 18

Thirty- two people in San Francisco who ate jackfish caught at Midway Island developed malaise, nausea, blurred vision, breathing difficulty, and numbness from 3 to 6 hours after eating. The most likely cause of this food intoxication is

Accepted Answer

A)   Aflatoxin.
B)   Cholera toxin.
C)   Staphylococcal enterotoxin.
D)   Ciguatera.
E)   A mycotoxin.F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Siderophores are bacterial proteins that compete with animal

Accepted Answer

A)   Red blood cells.
B)   Transferrin.
C)   White blood cells.
D)   Antibodies.
E)   None of the above.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Which of the following is not considered entry via the parenteral route?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hair follicle
B)   Injection
C)   Surgery
D)   Bite
E)   None of the aboveF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Exam 15: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Which of the following is not a cytopathic effect of viruses?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following cytopathic effects is cytocidal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lysogenic bacteriophages contribute to bacterial virulence because bacteriophages

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antibiotics can lead to septic shock if used to treat

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most pathogens that gain access through the skin

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of staphylococcal enterotoxin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thirty- two people in San Francisco who ate jackfish caught at Midway Island developed malaise, nausea, blurred vision, breathing difficulty, and numbness from 3 to 6 hours after eating. The most likely cause of this food intoxication is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endotoxins in injectable drugs could cause

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Botulism is caused by an exotoxin, therefore it could easily be prevented by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mechanism by which gram- negative bacteria can cross the blood- brain barrier.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Symptoms of protozoan and helminthic diseases are due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ID50 is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not considered entry via the parenteral route?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following diseases is not usually contracted by the respiratory route?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Septic shock due to gram- positive bacteria is caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are methods of avoiding host antibodies except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A needlestick is an example of which portal of entry?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Siderophores are bacterial proteins that compete with animal

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not contribute to the symptoms of a fungal disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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