Question 1

How do spirochetes and spirilla differ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Spirilla are found in chains of cells whereas spirochetes exist as individual cells.
B)   Spirochetes have a rigid, corkscrew shape while spirilla are helical and more flexible.
C)   Spirilla have an external flagella but spirochetes have axial filaments.
D)   Spirochetes do not have a cell wall but spirilla do.
E)   Spirochetes and spirilla are basically the same organisms and the terms can be used interchangeably.F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 2

Antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis ultimately cause bacterial cell death as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibition of molecular transport.
B)   decreased synthesis of plasma membrane.
C)   plasmolysis.
D)   cell shrinkage.
E)   osmotic lysis.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

The number of organelles such as chloroplasts, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticulum is the same in all eukaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Many enzymes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized within organelles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

By which of the following mechanisms can a cell transport a substance from a lower to a higher concentration?

Accepted Answer

A)   simple diffusion
B)   aquaporins
C)   extracellular enzymes
D)   active transport
E)   facilitated diffusionF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 6

Bacteria are a commonly used organism for studies of genetic material in the research laboratory. The nucleic acids must first be isolated from the cells for these studies. Which of the following would most likely be used to lyse gram-positive bacterial cells for nucleic acid isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)   alcohol
B)   lysozyme
C)   polymixins
D)   water
E)   mycolic acidF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   A cell produces one endospore and keeps growing.
B)   Endospores allow a cell to survive environmental changes by producing a dormant period with no growth.
C)   A cell can produce many endospores.
D)   Endospores are for reproduction.
E)   Endospores are easily stained in a Gram stain.F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 8

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   They lack membrane-enclosed organelles.
B)   Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane.
C)   They lack a plasma membrane.
D)   They typically have a circular chromosome.
E)   They reproduce by binary fission.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   centrosome  food storage
B)   lysosome  digestive enzymes
C)   Golgi complex  secretion
D)   mitochondria  ATP production
E)   endoplasmic reticulum  internal transportF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 10

Figure 4.3
 
-In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall contains teichoic acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   a
B)   b
C)   both a and b
D)   neither a nor b
E)   The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

The terms ʺrunʺ and ʺtumbleʺ are generally associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   cell membrane synthesis.
B)   taxic movements of the cell in response to attractants or repellents.
C)   cell wall fluidity.
D)   clustering properties of certain rod-shaped bacteria.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

The internal structure of eukaryotic cilia and flagella are the same.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Their Gram reaction is due to the outer membrane.
B)   They protect the cell in a hypotonic environment.
C)   They are toxic to humans.
D)   They have an extra outer layer composed of lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and phospholipids.
E)   They are sensitive to penicillin.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

The difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion is that facilitated diffusion

Accepted Answer

A)   moves materials from a lower to a higher concentration.
B)   moves materials from a higher to a lower concentration.
C)   does not require ATP.
D)   requires transporter proteins.
E)   requires ATP.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

Figure 4.3
 
-In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall is resistant to many antibiotics (e.g., penicillin) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   a
B)   b
C)   both a and b
D)   neither a nor b
E)   The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Functions of the glycocalyx include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   biofilm formation.
B)   protection against dehydration.
C)   source of nutrition.
D)   binary fission.
E)   increased virulence.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT found or observed to occur in both mitochondria and prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)   circular chromosome
B)   binary fission
C)   70S ribosomes
D)   cell wall
E)   ATP-generating mechanismF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a functionally analogous pair?

Accepted Answer

A)   nucleus -nucleiod region
B)   mitochondria - prokaryotic plasma membrane
C)   chloroplasts - thylakoids
D)   9+2 flagella - bacterial flagella
E)   cilia - piliF) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

In a hypertonic solution, a bacterial cell will typically

Accepted Answer

A)   lyse.
B)   plasmolyze.
C)   stay the same.
D)   osmolyze.
E)   burst.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

In bacteria, photosynthetic pigments are found in

Accepted Answer

A)   chloroplasts.
B)   chromatophores.
C)   cytoplasm.
D)   mesosomes.
E)   ribosomes.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Exam 4: Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Figure 4.3 -In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall is resistant to many antibiotics (e.g., penicillin) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In bacteria, photosynthetic pigments are found in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Functions of the glycocalyx include all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The internal structure of eukaryotic cilia and flagella are the same.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a hypertonic solution, a bacterial cell will typically

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 4.3 -In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall contains teichoic acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion is that facilitated diffusion

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

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Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

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Antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis ultimately cause bacterial cell death as a result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria are a commonly used organism for studies of genetic material in the research laboratory. The nucleic acids must first be isolated from the cells for these studies. Which of the following would most likely be used to lyse gram-positive bacterial cells for nucleic acid isolation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do spirochetes and spirilla differ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many enzymes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized within organelles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a functionally analogous pair?

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Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By which of the following mechanisms can a cell transport a substance from a lower to a higher concentration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The number of organelles such as chloroplasts, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticulum is the same in all eukaryotic cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The terms ʺrunʺ and ʺtumbleʺ are generally associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding prokaryotic cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT found or observed to occur in both mitochondria and prokaryotes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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