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Exam 8: Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

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Question 1

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Yeast in a bottle of champagne produces _ and _ _.

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ethanol; c...

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Question 2

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Which of the following processes occurs across the mitochondrial membrane?

A) Glycolysis
B) The Krebs cycle
C) The ETC

D) All of the above
E) B) and C)

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is the process by which hydrogen ions move via a concentration gradient through ATP- synthesizing enzymes, resulting in the production of ATP.

The French biochemist and microbiologist Louis Pasteur investigated the metabolism of yeast, which can survive under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. He observed that the yeast consumed sugar at a much faster rate under anaerobic conditions than they did under aerobic conditions. Explain this "Pasteur effect."

If no oxygen is available to a cell, then the net ATP production resulting from the metabolism of a single glucose molecule is

Briefly compare and contrast the processes of cellular respiration and photosynthesis.

How many CO₂ molecules are generated from each pyruvate molecule that enters the mitochondrial matrix?

In the Krebs cycle, electron- carrier molecules are produced as a result of individual reactions. NAD+ is reduced as one chemical compound is converted to another EXCEPT during the conversion of

Two possible end products of fermentation are _ _ (as is produced by our muscle cells under anaerobic conditions) and (as is produced by yeast under anaerobic conditions).

The part of a mitochondrion that is analogous to the stroma of a chloroplast is the

Cyanide poisoning occurs because cyanide inhibits an enzyme in the electron transport pathway. Which of the following is the reason why cyanide poisoning becomes deadly?

The main function of cellular respiration is to produce

Respiration rates are measured by the amount of oxygen per gram of tissue per hour. In a series of experiments, it was determined that a warm- blooded mouse requires 2.5 milliliters of O₂ per gram of tissue per hour, whereas a cold- blooded crayfish requires 0.047 milliliter of O₂ per gram of tissue per hour. Why is there such a dramatic difference in respiration rates between these animals?

How does a lack of oxygen affect energy availability in animals?

In vertebrate animal cells, where does the synthesis of lactate occur?

In human muscle cells, fermentation (by itself) produces

At the end of glycolysis, the original carbons of the glucose molecule form

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules produced from one glucose molecule?

Which step produces the most ATP?

is the first stage in glucose metabolism and does not require oxygen.