Question 1

The psychologist who established the first operant conditioning course in Brazil in 1961 was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud
B)  Keller
C)  Skinner
D)  WolpeE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

The initial stimulus that reliably evokes the desired behavior at the start of a fading program is known as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  effective stimulus
B)  starting stimulus
C)  discriminative stimulus
D)  target stimulusE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

The increased frequency of a response because of its immediate reinforcing consequences is referred to as the indirect-acting effect of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A behavior modifier should only accept those referrals for which he/she has
appropriate training and adequate time to carry out an effective program.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Behaviors that are elicited by prior stimuli and are not affected by their consequences are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  operant behaviors
B)  respondent behaviors
C)  unconditioned behaviors
D)  conditioned behaviorsE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 6

According to Stainback et al., how many tokens should you have for each student in a group when starting a token economy?

Accepted Answer

A)  approximately 20
B)  approximately 100
C)  60-80
D)  it depends on the reinforcement schedule being usedE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 7

One of the first published behavior modification demonstrations of the 1950s that concerned practical, applied problems was reported by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Skinner
B)  Ullmann and Krasner
C)  Eysenck
D)  Ayllon and MichaelE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

In non-exclusionary time-out, the individual is:

Accepted Answer

A)  taken away to a time-out area
B)  ignored while still in the problem situation
C)  timed out in the problem situation
D)  removed from reinforcementE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Conditioned reinforcers that can be accumulated and exchanged for other reinforcers are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  adventitious reinforcers
B)  tokens
C)  back-up reinforcers
D)  extrinsic reinforcersE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 10

An extraordinary stressful or traumatic event, such as being physically or sexually abused, being in a serious traffic accident, or witnessing a catastrophic event, can cause impaired functioning such that the individual would likely be diagnosed as having a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)  generalized anxiety disorder
B)  simple phobia
C)  depression
D)  post-traumatic stress disorderE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 11

A procedure called "functional communication training " is one in which children with developmental disabilities are taught a simple communicative response as an alternative to self-abuse in order to obtain staff attention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In 1960 the British psychologist Hans Eysenck used the term "behavior therapy" to refer to the treatment procedure developed by Joseph Wolpe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Even if a particular behavior modification procedure produces undesirable effects, that does not refute behavior modification.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In a behavioral model of self-control, an individual emits controlling behavior that manages antecedents or consequences for a behavior to be controlled.But what controls the controlling behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  lots of willpower
B)  natural consequences in the society in which we live
C)  lots of commitment
D)  our religious beliefsE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 15

One can heat water by placing a tin of it over a campfire, plugging in an electric kettle, or placing a hot rock into a can of water.These alternatives constitute:

Accepted Answer

A)  a stimulus equivalence class
B)  functionally equivalent stimuli
C)  a concept
D)  functionally equivalent responsesE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

A child is approached by a dog and is knocked down, which causes fear.The next time the child sees a dog, the child experiences fear, which subsides when the child runs away from the dog.The child's fear of the sight of the dog was caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  operant conditioning
B)  escape conditioning
C)  respondent conditioning
D)  avoidance conditioningE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

With the aid of a therapist, a client may be encouraged to describe a situation in which a problem behavior has occurred in the past and to reenact the occurrence of the problem behavior in that situation.This procedure is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  role-playing
B)  behavioral reenactment
C)  modeling
D)  symbolic modelingE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 18

A major focus of ACT is the use of cognitive restructuring to directly change troublesome thoughts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A parent says to a child, "If you study for an hour each night this week you can watch the late movie on Friday night." This example involves a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)  indirect-acting reinforcer
B)  direct-acting reinforcer
C)  natural reinforcer
D)  unconditioned reinforcerE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Natural reinforcers are those deliberately presented following a particular behavior in a training program.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 31: Shaping and Schedules of Reinforcement: A Comprehensive Guide

The initial stimulus that reliably evokes the desired behavior at the start of a fading program is known as the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With the aid of a therapist, a client may be encouraged to describe a situation in which a problem behavior has occurred in the past and to reenact the occurrence of the problem behavior in that situation.This procedure is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a behavioral model of self-control, an individual emits controlling behavior that manages antecedents or consequences for a behavior to be controlled.But what controls the controlling behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child is approached by a dog and is knocked down, which causes fear.The next time the child sees a dog, the child experiences fear, which subsides when the child runs away from the dog.The child's fear of the sight of the dog was caused by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The increased frequency of a response because of its immediate reinforcing consequences is referred to as the indirect-acting effect of reinforcement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One can heat water by placing a tin of it over a campfire, plugging in an electric kettle, or placing a hot rock into a can of water.These alternatives constitute:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A parent says to a child, "If you study for an hour each night this week you can watch the late movie on Friday night." This example involves a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Conditioned reinforcers that can be accumulated and exchanged for other reinforcers are known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In non-exclusionary time-out, the individual is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 1960 the British psychologist Hans Eysenck used the term "behavior therapy" to refer to the treatment procedure developed by Joseph Wolpe.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The psychologist who established the first operant conditioning course in Brazil in 1961 was:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Even if a particular behavior modification procedure produces undesirable effects, that does not refute behavior modification.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major focus of ACT is the use of cognitive restructuring to directly change troublesome thoughts.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A behavior modifier should only accept those referrals for which he/she has appropriate training and adequate time to carry out an effective program.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A procedure called "functional communication training " is one in which children with developmental disabilities are taught a simple communicative response as an alternative to self-abuse in order to obtain staff attention.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Behaviors that are elicited by prior stimuli and are not affected by their consequences are called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the first published behavior modification demonstrations of the 1950s that concerned practical, applied problems was reported by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Natural reinforcers are those deliberately presented following a particular behavior in a training program.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Stainback et al., how many tokens should you have for each student in a group when starting a token economy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An extraordinary stressful or traumatic event, such as being physically or sexually abused, being in a serious traffic accident, or witnessing a catastrophic event, can cause impaired functioning such that the individual would likely be diagnosed as having a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified