Question 1

Softening of hard water may increase its ________ content.

Accepted Answer

A)   sodium
B)   magnesium
C)   calcium
D)   fluorideE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

The sodium concentration of the blood is primarily regulated by the

Accepted Answer

A)   kidneys.
B)   small intestine.
C)   large intestine.
D)   spleen.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Reducing dietary intake of sodium will ________ urine production.

Accepted Answer

A)   decrease
B)   increase
C)   not changeD) B) and C)
E) A) and B)

Question 4

Which of the following foods has the lowest water content?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lettuce
B)   Whole grain bread
C)   Tomato
D)   Sirloin steakE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Match the following terms with the descriptions below.
-Ion

Accepted Answer

A)  Substances that break down into ions in water and, in turn, are able to conduct an electrical current
B)  Fluid between cells
C)  Substance that increases urinary fluid excretion
D)  Movement of water through a membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration
E)  A positively or negatively charged atomF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Of the following minerals, the daily requirements are highest for

Accepted Answer

A)   iron.
B)   iodine.
C)   calcium.
D)   copper.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Who should be concerned about dehydration?

Accepted Answer

A)   An athlete participating in a triathlon
B)   An elderly man
C)   A child who is ill with diarrhea
D)   All of these choices are correct.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

The mineral that gives hardness to teeth and bones is

Accepted Answer

A)   selenium.
B)   zinc.
C)   copper.
D)   fluoride.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Match the following terms with the descriptions below.
-Major mineral

Accepted Answer

A)  Mineral required in the diet in amounts greater than 100 milligrams per day
B)  A mineral that is required in the diet in amounts less than 100 milligrams per day
C)  The degree to which the amount of an ingested nutrient is absorbed and is available to the body
D)  Organic compound needed in small amounts in the diet to help regulate and support chemical reactions and processes in the body
E)  A mineral present in the human diet in trace amounts but that has not been shown to be essential to human healthF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

To prevent bone loss, a woman at risk for osteoporosis could

Accepted Answer

A)   include weight-bearing exercise into her routine.
B)   ensure adequate dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D.
C)   consult a physician about estrogen replacement.
D)   All of these choices are correct.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 11

Elevated blood pressure has been linked to excess intake of

Accepted Answer

A)   calcium and vitamin D.
B)   sodium and potassium.
C)   sodium and chloride.
D)   magnesium and potassium.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Systolic pressure refers to the pressure in the

Accepted Answer

A)   veins when the heart is contracting.
B)   veins when the heart is relaxed.
C)   arteries when the heart is contracting.
D)   arteries when the heart is relaxed.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Iron is best absorbed in its ________ form.

Accepted Answer

A)   heme
B)   nonheme
C)   synthetic
D)   coenzymeE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

The two main extracellular ions are

Accepted Answer

A)   sodium and chloride.
B)   phosphate and potassium.
C)   potassium and sodium.
D)   chloride and potassium.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Mucus and synovial (joint)  fluid exemplify water's role as a

Accepted Answer

A)   lubricant.
B)   solvent.
C)   transport medium.
D)   participant in chemical reactions.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Which of the following are functions of phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

A)   Activation of enzymes, component of cell membranes, and maintenance of fluid balance
B)   Regulation of blood glucose, control of calcium absorption, and synthesis of vitamin D in the liver
C)   Energy metabolism, destruction of pathogens, and transport of oxygen in the blood
D)   Support of immune function, regulation of cell growth, and production of hormonesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

A good indicator of bone health is

Accepted Answer

A)   bone mineral density.
B)   frame size.
C)   curvature of the spine.
D)   blood calcium concentration.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

The selenium content of the typical North American diet is

Accepted Answer

A)   inadequate, due to low intake of whole grain products.
B)   inadequate, due to low intake of fruits and vegetables.
C)   adequate, due to consumption of a variety of animal and grain products.
D)   adequate, due to widespread fortification of foods with selenium.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

A person cannot drink too much water; the kidneys and sweat glands make water excretion quick and efficient, protecting the body from overhydration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Potassium is found in the largest quantities in

Accepted Answer

A)   milk and dairy products.
B)   meats.
C)   fruits and vegetables.
D)   refined grains.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 9: Water and Minerals

Who should be concerned about dehydration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following terms with the descriptions below. -Major mineral

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The mineral that gives hardness to teeth and bones is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To prevent bone loss, a woman at risk for osteoporosis could

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mucus and synovial (joint) fluid exemplify water's role as a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following minerals, the daily requirements are highest for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are functions of phosphorus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Elevated blood pressure has been linked to excess intake of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The selenium content of the typical North American diet is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Softening of hard water may increase its ________ content.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Systolic pressure refers to the pressure in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reducing dietary intake of sodium will ________ urine production.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person cannot drink too much water; the kidneys and sweat glands make water excretion quick and efficient, protecting the body from overhydration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A good indicator of bone health is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two main extracellular ions are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Potassium is found in the largest quantities in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sodium concentration of the blood is primarily regulated by the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following terms with the descriptions below. -Ion

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Iron is best absorbed in its ________ form.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following foods has the lowest water content?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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