Question 1

A drug that inhibits angiotensin -converting enzyme (ACE)  may lead to:

Accepted Answer

A)   decreased blood pressure.
B)   increased blood volume.
C)   increased secretion of aldosterone.
D)   increased sodium reabsorption.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 2

S1U1P1Match the followingS1S1P0: 
-Glomerulus

Accepted Answer

The answer of S1U1P1Match the followingS1S1P0: 
-Glomerulus...

Question 3

Summarize how the countercurrent multiplier system produces concentrated urine in juxtamedullary nephrons.

Accepted Answer

NaCl is active transported from the filt...

Question 4

How does atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)  contribute to a decrease in blood volume and systemic blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)   ANP constricts the afferent arteriole and dilates the efferent arteriole.
B)   ANP dilates the afferent arteriole and constricts the efferent arteriole.
C)   ANP constricts both the afferent and efferent arterioles.
D)   ANP dilates both the afferent and efferent arterioles.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following is the capillary bed fed by the afferent arteriole and drained by the efferent arteriole?

Accepted Answer

A)   vasa recta
B)   macula densa cells
C)   glomerular capillaries
D)   peritubular capillariesE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Creatinine, urea, uric acid, and ammonium ions are too large to pass through the filtration membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What are the two main subdivisions of the nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerulus and peritubular capillaries
B)   renal corpuscle and renal tubule
C)   renal pyramids and renal columns
D)   renal cortex and renal medullaE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

The reabsorption of bicarbonate ions in the proximal tubule helps regulate:

Accepted Answer

A)   blood volume.
B)   blood pH.
C)   blood pressure.
D)   blood solute concentration of sodium ions.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

The glomerular filtration rate is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)   the rate at which the kidneys remove a substance from the blood.
B)   the percent of blood plasma that passes through the filtration membrane.
C)   the amount of filtrate that is reabsorbed during a 24 -hour period.
D)   the amount of filtrate formed by both kidneys in one minute.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Fenestrated glomerular capillaries are typically impermeable to:

Accepted Answer

A)   amino acids.
B)   albumin.
C)   glucose.
D)   nitrogenous wastes.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Explain the role of the podocytes in the filtration membrane of the glomerulus.

Accepted Answer

Finger ^-like pedicels of the podocytes wr...

Question 12

What effect does high blood pressure have on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)  in the absence of regulatory mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

A)   GFR will not change.
B)   GFR will increase.
C)   GFR will decrease, then increase.
D)   GFR will decrease.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

What will NOT stimulate the renin -angiotensin -aldosterone system (RAAS) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   low glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP) 
B)   an increase in systemic blood pressure
C)   sympathetic nervous system stimulation
D)   stimulation from the macula densa cellsE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 14

In which kidney region are the renal pyramids located?

Accepted Answer

A)   renal medulla
B)   renal sinus
C)   renal cortex
D)   renal pelvisE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

What is net filtration pressure (NFP)  in the glomerular capillaries, in mm Hg?

Accepted Answer

A)   0
B)   -5
C)   25
D)   10E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 16

What is a renal mechanism that raises systemic blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)   increase filtration into the glomerular capsule
B)   decrease secretion of aldosterone
C)   increase secretion of renin by the juxtaglomerular (JG)  cells
D)   increase release of angiotensin -II (A -II) E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Discuss the function of the countercurrent mechanism and its role in the production of concentrated urine.

Accepted Answer

The function of the countercurrent mecha...

Question 18

Which of the following enhances obligatory water reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

A)   presence of high levels of glucose in the filtrate
B)   presence of aldosterone in the distal tubule
C)   ATP
D)   aquaporinsE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

What external covering protects the kidney from physical shock?

Accepted Answer

A)   renal capsule
B)   adipose capsule
C)   renal pelvis
D)   renal fasciaE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

List the three layers of connective tissue covering the kidneys, from superficial to deep.

Accepted Answer

From superficial to deep, the ...

Exam 24: The Urinary System

Match the following: -Glomerulus

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What will NOT stimulate the renin -angiotensin -aldosterone system (RAAS) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the role of the podocytes in the filtration membrane of the glomerulus.

Correct AnswerverifiedFinger -like pedicels of the podocytes wr...View AnswerShow Answer

What is a renal mechanism that raises systemic blood pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What external covering protects the kidney from physical shock?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fenestrated glomerular capillaries are typically impermeable to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reabsorption of bicarbonate ions in the proximal tubule helps regulate:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the capillary bed fed by the afferent arteriole and drained by the efferent arteriole?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the two main subdivisions of the nephron?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The glomerular filtration rate is defined as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the function of the countercurrent mechanism and its role in the production of concentrated urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe function of the countercurrent mecha...View AnswerShow Answer

List the three layers of connective tissue covering the kidneys, from superficial to deep.

Correct AnswerverifiedFrom superficial to deep, the ...View AnswerShow Answer

A drug that inhibits angiotensin -converting enzyme (ACE) may lead to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What effect does high blood pressure have on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the absence of regulatory mechanisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which kidney region are the renal pyramids located?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is net filtration pressure (NFP) in the glomerular capillaries, in mm Hg?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Summarize how the countercurrent multiplier system produces concentrated urine in juxtamedullary nephrons.

Correct AnswerverifiedNaCl is active transported from the filt...View AnswerShow Answer

Creatinine, urea, uric acid, and ammonium ions are too large to pass through the filtration membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following enhances obligatory water reabsorption?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) contribute to a decrease in blood volume and systemic blood pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

^{Match the following}: -Glomerulus

Correct Answer
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What will NOT stimulate the renin ^-angiotensin ^-aldosterone system (RAAS) ?

Correct Answer
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Finger ^-like pedicels of the podocytes wr...
View Answer

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The function of the countercurrent mecha...
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From superficial to deep, the ...
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A drug that inhibits angiotensin ^-converting enzyme (ACE) may lead to:

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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NaCl is active transported from the filt...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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