Question 1

Long bones grow in length at the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   epiphyseal plate
B)   articular cartilage
C)   center of the shaft
D)   endosteum-periosteum junction
E)   center of the epiphysisF) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

Some flat and irregular bones of the skull have air-filled spaces called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   epiphyseal spaces
B)   medullary cavities
C)   lacunae
D)   sinuses
E)   trabeculaeF) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

Which type of bone cell incorporates calcium and phosphate ions into bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)   Osteochondral progenitor cell
B)   Osteoblast
C)   Osteocyte
D)   OsteoclastE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

The zygomatic bone is an example of a(n)  ________ bone.

Accepted Answer

A)   long
B)   flat
C)   short
D)   irregularE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)   Osteocyte - functions in bone remodeling
B)   Osteoclast - responsible for reabsorption
C)   Osteoblast - breaks down bone tissue
D)   Endosteum - lines central canal of the osteon
E)   Periosteum - lines the medullary cavityF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Normal bone growth requires adequate amounts of certain substance from the diet. Which of the following list three of the dietary needs for normal bone growth?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sodium, calcium, and vitamin E
B)   Potassium, calcium, and vitamin D
C)   Calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D
D)   Vitamin D, phosphate, and chloride
E)   Vitamin E, vitamin B, and vitamin AF) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 7

How do the lymphatic and immune systems contribute to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Macrophages in the skin destroy the precursor to vitamin D.
B)   Immune cells resist infections and release chemicals that promote tissue repair.
C)   Excessive smoking stimulate immune cells to attack bones, which increases bone loss.
D)   Calcium ions are excreted by immune cells at the lymph nodes.
E)   Decreased estrogen levels following a viral infection contribute to the disease.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

-This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the epiphyseal plate. Zone "C" represents

Accepted Answer

A)   bone tissue of the diaphysis.
B)   zone of calcification.
C)   zone of hypertrophy.
D)   zone of proliferation.
E)   zone of resting cartilage.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

A band of connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone is a/an ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   aponeurosis
B)   ligament
C)   bursa
D)   epimysium
E)   tendonF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 10

What is the area where marrow is located?

Accepted Answer

A)   Periosteum
B)   Sharpey fibers
C)   Growth plate
D)   Medullary cavity
E)   EndosteumF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)  causes

Accepted Answer

A)   increased RANKL and increased OPG.
B)   increased RANKL and decreased OPG.
C)   decreased RANKL and increased OPG.
D)   decreased RANKL and decreased OPG.
E)   PTH has no effect on RANKL and OPG.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following statements about bone remodeling and repair is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bone remodeling involves removal of old bone by osteoblasts.
B)   As a long bone increases in diameter, the size of the marrow cavity decreases.
C)   The rate of bone remodeling increases in the elderly.
D)   Exposure of a bone to increased mechanical stress can lead to bone remodeling.
E)   Bone remodeling does not involve the activity of the osteoclasts and the osteoblasts.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

The covering of the outer surface of bone is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   lamellae
B)   lacunae
C)   canaliculi
D)   periosteum
E)   trabeculaeF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

In appositional growth of cartilage,

Accepted Answer

A)   chondroblasts within the tissue proliferate and add more matrix from the inside.
B)   new chondrocytes and new matrix are added on the outside of the tissue.
C)   osteoblasts replace the chondroblasts.
D)   the tissue becomes vascularized in order to grow.
E)   the cartilage is replaced with another kind of connective tissue.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

In which type of bonet tissue are osteons present?

Accepted Answer

A)   Spongy bone
B)   Compact bone
C)   Both "spongy bone" and "compact bone" are correct.D) All of the above
E) A) and C)

Question 16

-What does structure "D" represent on the bone diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)   Spongy bone
B)   Diaphysis
C)   Epiphyseal lines
D)   Articular cartilage
E)   EpiphysisF) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 17

The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   osteoclast
B)   osteoblast
C)   chondrocyte
D)   osteocyte
E)   chondroblastF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 18

The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of

Accepted Answer

A)   osteoblast and osteoclast activity.
B)   osteoclast and osteocyte activity.
C)   chondroblast and osteoclast activity.
D)   chondrocyte and osteocyte activity.
E)   fibroblast and chondroblast activity.F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a direct effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increased Ca2+ uptake by the small intestine
B)   Increased vitamin D formation in the kidneys
C)   Increased Ca2+ reabsorption by the kidneys
D)   Decreased Ca2+ loss by the kidneys
E)   All of the choices are direct effects of PTH.F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 20

Small channels extending through the bone matrix are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   lamellae
B)   lacunae
C)   canaliculi
D)   periosteum
E)   trabeculaeF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Exam 6: Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

What is the area where marrow is located?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the epiphyseal plate. Zone "C" represents

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In appositional growth of cartilage,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do the lymphatic and immune systems contribute to osteoporosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) causes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The covering of the outer surface of bone is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which type of bonet tissue are osteons present?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normal bone growth requires adequate amounts of certain substance from the diet. Which of the following list three of the dietary needs for normal bone growth?

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The zygomatic bone is an example of a(n) ________ bone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A band of connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone is a/an ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about bone remodeling and repair is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Small channels extending through the bone matrix are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-What does structure "D" represent on the bone diagram?

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Which of the following is correctly matched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of

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Long bones grow in length at the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some flat and irregular bones of the skull have air-filled spaces called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of bone cell incorporates calcium and phosphate ions into bone tissue?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a direct effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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